yoga sutras of patanjali

7/18/2019 Yoga Sutras of Patanjali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/yoga-sutras-of-patanjali-569233ff89027 1/45

Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati of 6304

Yoga Sutras of Patanjali

Interpretive ranslationPresente! "#Swami Jnaneshvara Bharatiwww$SwamiJ$%omYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage & of 6304

Yoga Sutras of Patanjali Interpretive TranslationPresente! "#

Swami Jnaneshvara Bharatiwww$SwamiJ$%om

he Yoga Sutras of Patanjali su%%in%tl# outlines the art an! s%ien%e of Yoga me!itationfor Self'(eali)ation$ It is a pro%ess of s#stemati%all# en%ountering* e+amining* an!trans%en!ing ea%h of the various gross an! su"tle levels of false i!entit# in the min!fiel!* until the jewel of the true Self %omes shining through$his is an interpretive translation of the Yoga Sutra* e+pan!ing the num"er of ,nglishwor!s* so as to allow the pra%ti%al instru%tions to "e %learer$ -or e+ample* sutra 1$&

!efines Yoga with some &. ,nglish wor!s* rather than onl# 4 Sans/rit wor!s$ hepra%ti%es of the Yoga Sutras are e+tremel# pra%ti%al* though it %an seem uite

%ompli%ate! when tr#ing to sort through the language$ B# provi!ing e+pan!e!*interpretive translations* the pra%ti%al meaning of the suggestions more easil# %omes

through$ he in!ivi!ual transliterate! Sans/rit wor!s also have a large num"er of ,nglish translations* so as to give a more thorough un!erstan!ing$

ommentaries on the Sutras are on www$SwamiJ$%om* as well as other learning ai!s$hese in%lu!e an e+tensive Intro!u%tion* a 2ain page presenting a visual outline an!summar# of the entire Yoga Sutra* an! a list of (emin!er uestions* whi%h serve as aself'stu!# gui!e$hen Patanjali %o!ifie!* or %ompile! the Yoga Sutras* it was not that a new s#stemwas %reate!* "ut rather* the an%ient pra%ti%es were summari)e! in an e+tremel#

organi)e! an! terse wa#$ hile the Yoga Sutras are thought to "e as ol! as 400 B,*ar%haeologi%al evi!en%e an! other te+ts suggest that the metho!s !es%ri"e! in the

Yoga Sutras were "eing pra%ti%e! as earl# as 3000 B,$ 5ral tra!ition states that theperio! ma# "e even longer$Yoga means union of the parts of ourselves* whi%h were never !ivi!e! in the firstpla%e$ Yoga literall# means to #o/e* from the root #uj* whi%h means to join it is the

same as the a"sorption in the state of sama!hi$ Sutra means threa!* an! this threa!*or multiple threa!s weave a tapestr# of insight an! !ire%t e+perien%e$Swami (ama e+plains* 7here have "een man# s%holarl# %ommentaries on the YogaSutras* "ut all the %ommentaries miss something ver# pra%ti%al$ Su%h %ommentaries

%an onl# satisf# the intelle%t* "ut !o not a%tuall# help #ou "e#on! that8 9#ogash %hittavritti naro!ha9''#oga is the %ontrol of the 9mo!ifi%ations9 of the min!$ :aro!ha means

%ontrol there is no other ,nglish wor! for it$ ontrol !oesn9t mean suppression* "ut%hanneling or regulating$7In the tra!ition of the ;imala#an masters* Yoga* <e!anta* an! antra %omplement oneanother* lea!ing one s#stemati%all# along the path to Self'reali)ation$ he aspirant%lears the min! through the pra%ti%e of Yoga me!itation as %o!ifie! in the Yoga Sutrasof Patanjali* !oes self'enuir# of <e!anta* an! then "rea/s through the final "arrier

with antra* e+perien%ing the heights of /un!alini awa/ening$Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati

Page 3 of 63



04

Table of Contents of Yoga SutrasChapter 1: Concentration (Samadhi Pada) ............................................................................ 4

What is Yoga? (1.1-1.4) .................................................................................................... 4

Un-coloring yor thoghts (1.!-1.11)................................................................................ !

Practice and non-attachment (1.1"-1.1#)........................................................................... $%ypes o& concentration (1.1$-1.1') ................................................................................... '

&&orts and commitment (1.1-1."") .................................................................................

Contemplation on *U+ or ,+ (1."-1.") ................................................................... 1

,/stacles and soltions (1.-1.") ................................................................................ 1"

Sta/ili0ing and clearing the mind (1.-1.) ................................................................. 1

*&ter sta/ili0ing the mind (1.4-1.!1) ............................................................................. 1!

Chapter ": Practices (Sadhana Pada) ................................................................................... 1

+inimi0ing gross colorings that eil the Sel& (".1-".)................................................... 1

2ealing 3ith s/tle impressions that eil the Sel& (".1-".11) ....................................... "1

rea5ing the alliance o& 5arma (".1"-"."!)..................................................................... ""

%he ' rngs o& Yoga are &or discrimination ("."#-".") ................................................. "#Yamas and 6iyamas7 rngs 81 and 8" (".-".4) ......................................................... "'

ene&its &rom the Yamas and 6iyamas (".!-".4!) ........................................................

*sana or meditation postre7 rng 8 o& ' (".4#-".4') ................................................... "

Pranayama and /reath control7 rng 84 o& ' (".4-".!).................................................

Pratyahara or sense 3ithdra3al7 rng 8! o& ' (".!4-".!!) .............................................. 4

Chapter : Progressing (9i/hti Pada)................................................................................ #

2harana7 2hyana7 Samadhi7 rngs 8#7 8$7 and 8' (.1-.)............................................ #

Samyama is the &iner tool (.4-.#) ................................................................................. $

nternal is seen to /e e;ternal (.$-.') ........................................................................... $

Witnessing s/tle transitions 3ith Samyama (.-.1#) ................................................. '

;periences &rom Samyama (.1$-.$) ......................................................................... 41What to do 3ith s/tle e;periences (.') ...................................................................... 4#

+ore attainments &rom Samyama (.-.4)................................................................. 4$

<ennciation that /rings 5aialya or li/eration (.!-.!")............................................ !1

=igher discrimination throgh Samyama (.!-.!#)..................................................... !"

Chapter 4: >i/eration (aialya Pada) ................................................................................ !4

+eans o& attaining e;perience (4.1-4.).......................................................................... !4

mergence and mastery o& mind (4.4-4.#) ...................................................................... !!

*ctions and 5arma (4.$-4.') ............................................................................................ !!

S/conscios impressions (4.-4.1") .............................................................................. !#

,/@ects and the gnas (4.1-4.14) ................................................................................ !$

+ind perceiing o/@ects (4.1!-4.1$) ............................................................................... !'

llmination o& the mind (4.1'-4."1) ............................................................................... !

ddhi7 discrimination7 and li/eration (4.""-4."#) ......................................................... #

reaches in enlightenment (4."$-4."')............................................................................ #1

Perpetal enlightenment (4."-4.) ............................................................................... #"

no3a/les /ecome &e3 (4.1) ........................................................................................ #"

Anas and li/eration or aialya (4."-4.4) ................................................................. #Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage 4 of 6304

Chapter 1: Concentration (Samadhi Pada)What is Yoga? (1.11.!)1$1 :ow* after having !one prior preparation through life an! other pra%ti%es* the



stu!# an! pra%ti%e of Yoga "egins$=atha #oga anushasanam>

atha ? now* at this auspi%ious moment impl#ing the transition to this pra%ti%e

an! pursuit* after prior preparation impl#ing a "lessing at this moment of transition

#oga ? of #oga* union literall#* to #o/e* from the root yuj * whi%h means to

join or to integrate same as the a"sorption in sama!hi

anu ? within* or following tra!ition implies "eing su"seuent to something

else* in this %ase* the prior preparation

shasanam ? instru%tion* !is%ipline* training* tea%hing* e+position* e+planation

Shas implies the imparting of tea%hing that happens along with !is%ipline1$& Yoga is the %ontrol =niro!hah* regulation* %hanneling* master#* integration*%oor!ination* stilling* uieting* setting asi!e> of the mo!ifi%ations =gross an! su"tlethought patterns> of the min! fiel!$=#ogash %hitta vritti niro!hah>

#oga ? of #oga* union literall#* to #o/e* from the root yuj * whi%h means to

join same as the a"sorption in sama!hi

%hitta ? of the %ons%iousness of the min!'fiel!

vritti ? operations* a%tivities* flu%tuations* mo!ifi%ations* %hanges* or various

forms of the min!'fiel!

niro!hah ? %ontrol* regulation* %hanneling* master#* integration* %oor!ination*

un!erstan!ing* stilling* uieting* setting asi!e of

1$3 hen the Seer a"i!es in Itself* resting in its own rue :ature* whi%h is %alle!Selfreali)ation$

=ta!a !rashtuh svarupe avasthanam> ta!a ? then* at that time at the time of %on%entration an! me!itation

!rashtuh ? the seer9s* of the soul* witness* @tman* Self from the root drsh*

whi%h means to see =It is signifi%ant to note that Patanjali is not tr#ing to

!efine who is the seer* or the nature of that seer$ his is left to "e answere! orresolve! in !ire%t e+perien%e$>

svarupe ? in its own nature* own form or essen%e =sva ? own rupa ? form>

avasthanam ? sta"ilit#* settling* remaining* "eing in a state* resting* stan!ing*

l#ing* a"i!ing the root stha means to stand Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage . of 6304

1$4 @t other times* when one is not in Self'reali)ation* the Seer appears to ta/e on theform of the mo!ifi%ations of the min! fiel!* ta/ing on the i!entit# of those thought

patterns$=vritti sarup#am itaratra>

vritti ? of the operations* a%tivities* flu%tuations* mo!ifi%ations* %hanges* or

various forms =of the min!'fiel!>

sarup#am ? similarit#* assimilation* appearan%e of* i!entifi%ation of form ornature* %onformit# with the shape of the root sa means with* an! rupa meansform

itaratra ? elsewhere* at other times* when not in that state of reali)ation a"ove

"ncoloring #our thoughts (1.$1.11)1$. hose gross an! su"tle thought patterns =vrittis> fall into five varieties* of whi%hsome are %olore! =/lishta> an! others are un%olore! =a/lishta>$

=vritta#ah pan%ata#ah /lishta a/lishta>

vritta#ah ? the vrittis are

pan%ata#ah ? five fol! =an! of two /in!s> panch means five

/lishta ? %olore!* painful* affli%te!* impure the root klish means to cause

trouble =klesha is the noun form of the a!je%tive klishta>

a/lishta ? un%olore!* not painful* not affli%te!* pure not im"ue! with /leshas

the root a- means without or in the absence of hen%e* without the %oloring



%alle! /lishta1$6 he five varieties of thought patterns to witness are8 1> /nowing %orre%tl#=pramana>* &> in%orre%t /nowing =vipar#a#a>* 3> fantas# or imagination =vi/alpa>* 4>the o"je%t of voi!'ness that is !eep sleep =ni!ra>* an! .> re%olle%tion or memor#=smriti>$=pramana vipar#a#a vi/alpa ni!ra smrita#ah>

pramana ? real or vali! %ognition* right /nowle!ge* vali! proof* seeing %learl# vipar#a#ah ? unreal %ognition* in!is%rimination* perverse %ognition* wrong

/nowle!ge* mis%on%eption* in%orre%t /nowing* not seeing %learl#

vi/alpah ? imagination* ver"al mis%on%eption or !elusion* fantas#*

hallu%ination

ni!ra ? !eep sleep

smrita#ah ? memor#* remem"ering

1$A 5f these five* there are three wa#s of gaining %orre%t /nowle!ge =pramana>8 1>per%eption* &> inferen%e* an! 3> testimon# or ver"al %ommuni%ation from others whohave /nowle!ge$=prat#a/sha anumana agamah pramanani>

prat#a/sha ? !ire%t per%eption or %ognition

anumana ? inferen%e* reasoning* !e!u%tion

agamah ? authorit#* testimon#* vali!ation* %ompetent evi!en%e

pramanani ? vali! means of /nowing* proofs* sour%es of %orre%t /nowingYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage 6 of 6304

1$ In%orre%t /nowle!ge or illusion =vipar#a#a> is false /nowle!ge forme! "#per%eiving a thing as "eing other than what it reall# is$=vipar#a#ah mith#a jnanam ata! rupa pratistham>

vipar#a#ah ? unreal %ognition* in!is%rimination* perverse %ognition* wrong

/nowle!ge* mis%on%eption* in%orre%t /nowing* not seeing %learl#

mith#a ? of the unreal* of the false* erroneous* illusor#

jnanam ? /nowing* /nowle!ge ata! ? not its own* not that

rupa ? form* nature* appearan%e

pratistham ? "ase! on* possessing* esta"lishe!* o%%up#ing* stea!fast* stan!ing

1$C -antas# or imagination =vi/alpa> is a thought pattern that has ver"al e+pressionan! /nowle!ge* "ut for whi%h there is no su%h o"je%t or realit# in e+isten%e$=sha"!a jnana anupati vastu shun#ah vi/alpah>

sha"!a ? wor!* soun!* ver"al e+pression

jnana ? "# /nowle!ge* /nowing

anupati ? following* in seuen%e* !epen!ing upon

vastu ? a realit#* real o"je%t* e+istent

shun#ah ? !evoi!* without* empt# vi/alpah ? imagination* ver"al mis%on%eption or !elusion* fantas#*

hallu%ination

1$10 Dreamless sleep =ni!ra> is the su"tle thought pattern whi%h has as its o"je%t aninertia* "lan/ness* a"sen%e* or negation of the other though patterns =vrittis>$=a"hava prat#a#a alam"ana vritti ni!ra>

a"hava ? a"sen%e* non'e+isten%e* non'o%%urren%e* negation* voi!ness*

nothingness

prat#a#a ? the %ause* the feeling* %ausal or %ognitive prin%iple* notion* %ontent

of min!* presente! i!ea* %ognition

alam"ana ? support* su"stratum* leaning on* !epen!ent on* having as a "ase

or foun!ation

vritti ? operations* a%tivities* flu%tuations* mo!ifi%ations* %hanges* or various




ni!ra ? !eep sleep

1$11 (e%olle%tion or memor# =smriti> is mental mo!ifi%ation %ause! "# the inner

repro!u%ing of a previous impression of an o"je%t* "ut without a!!ing an# other%hara%teristi%s from other sour%es$=anu"huta visha#a asampramoshah smritih>

anu"huta ? e+perien%e!

visha#a ? o"je%ts of e+perien%e* impressions

asampramoshah ? not "eing stolen* not "eing lost* not having a!!ition

smritih ? memor#* remem"eringYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage A of 6304

Practice and nonattachment (1.1%1.1&)1$1& hese thought patterns =vrittis> are mastere! =niro!hah* regulate!* %oor!inate!*%ontrolle!* stille!* uiete!> through pra%ti%e =a"h#asa> an! non'atta%hment

=vairag#a>$=a"h#asa vairag#a"h#am tat niro!hah>

a"h#asa ? "# or with pra%ti%e* repeate! pra%ti%e

vairag#a"h#am ? non'atta%hment* "# !esirelessness or !ispassion* neutralit#or a"sen%e of %oloring* without attra%tion or aversion

tat ? of those* through that of

niro!hah ? %ontrol* regulation* %hanneling* master#* integration* %oor!ination*

un!erstan!ing* stilling* uieting* setting asi!e of

1$13 Pra%ti%e =a"h#asa> means %hoosing* appl#ing the effort* an! !oing those a%tionsthat "ring a sta"le an! tranuil state =sthitau>$

=tatra sthitau #atnah a"h#asa> tatra ? of these two =a"h#asa an! vairag#a>

sthitau ? sta"ilit#* stea!iness* sta"le tranuilit#* un!istur"e! %almness

#atnah ? effort* persistent e+ertion* sustaine! struggle* en!eavour

a"h#asa ? "# or with pra%ti%e* repeate! pra%ti%e

1$14 hen that pra%ti%e is !one for a long time* without a "rea/* an! with sin%ere

!evotion* then the pra%ti%e "e%omes a firml# roote!* sta"le an! soli! foun!ation$=sah tu !irgha /ala nairantaira sat/ara asevitah !ri!ha "humih>

sah ? that =pra%ti%e>

tu ? an!* "ut* however

!irgha ? long time =!irgha ? long /ala ? time>

nairantaira ? without interruption* %ontinuall#*

sat/ara ? with !evotion* sin%erit#* respe%t* reveren%e* positive attitu!e* right

a%tion

asevitah ? pursue!* pra%ti%e!* %ultivate!* atten!e! to* !one with assi!uous

attention

!ri!ha'"humih ? sta"le* soli! foun!ation* firml# roote!* of firm groun! =!ri!ha

? firm "humih ? groun!>Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage of 6304

1$1. hen the min! loses !esire even for o"je%ts seen or !es%ri"e! in a tra!ition or ins%riptures* it a%uires a state of utter =vashi/ara> !esirelessness that is %alle!nonatta%hment

=vairag#a>$=!rista anushravi/a visha#a vitrishnas#a vashi/ara sanjna vairag#am>

!rista ? seen* per%eive!

anushravi/a ? reveale!* s%riptural* hear! in tra!ition

visha#a ? o"je%ts* su"je%ts* matters of e+perien%e

vitrishnas#a ? of one who is free from !esire or %raving

vashi/ara ? supreme* master#* total %ontrol



sanjna ? awareness* %ons%iousness* /nowing

vairag#am ? non'atta%hment* !esirelessness* !ispassion* neutralit# or a"sen%e

of %oloring* without attra%tion or aversion1$16 In!ifferen%e to the su"tlest elements* %onstituent prin%iples* or ualities

themselves =gunas>* a%hieve! through a /nowle!ge of the nature of pure%ons%iousness =purusha>* is %alle! supreme non'atta%hment =paravairag#a>$=tat param purusha /h#ateh guna vaitrshn#am>

tat ? that

param ? is higher* superior* supreme* trans%en!ent

purusha ? pure %ons%iousness* Self

/h#ateh ? through /nowle!ge* vision* !is%ernment

guna ? elements* prime ualities* %onstituents* attri"utes =three gunas of

sattvas* rajas* tamas> vaitrshn#am ? state of free!om from !esire or %raving =for the gunas>

T#pes of concentration (1.1'1.1)1$1A he !eep a"sorption of attention on an o"je%t is of four /in!s* 1> gross =vitar/a>*&> su"tle =vi%hara>* 3> "liss a%%ompanie! =anan!a>* an! 4> with I'ness =asmita>* an!

is %alle! samprajnata sama!hi$=vitar/a vi%hara anan!a asmita rupa anugamat samprajnatah>

vitar/a ? gross thought or reasoning

vi%hara ? su"tle thought

anan!a ? "liss* e%stas#

asmita ? I'ness* in!ivi!ualit#

rupa ? appearan%es* nature* form

anugamat ? a%%ompanie! "#* asso%iate! with

samprajnatah ? %ognitive a"sorption* lower sama!hiYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage C of 6304

1$1 he other /in! of sama!hi is asamprajnata sama!hi* an! has no o"je%t in whi%hattention is a"sor"e!* wherein onl# latent impressions remain attainment of this stateis pre%e!e! "# the %onstant pra%ti%e of allowing all of the gross an! su"tle flu%tuationsof min! to re%e!e "a%/ into the fiel! from whi%h the# arose$=virama prat#a#a a"h#asa purvah sams/ara shesha an#ah>

virama ? %essation* stopping* re%e!ing

prat#a#a ? %ause* %ognitive prin%iple* %ontent of min!* %ognition

a"h#asa ? pra%ti%e

purvah ? pre%e!ing* %oming "efore

sams/ara ? !eep impressions* imprints in the un%ons%ious* !eepest ha"its*

su"liminal a%tivators* tra%es

shesha ? resi!ual* su"liminal

an#ah ? the other =the other sama!hi>

fforts and commitment (1.1*1.%%)1$1C Some who have attaine! higher levels =vi!ehas> or /now unmanifest nature

=pra/ritila#as>* are !rawn into "irth in this worl! "# their remaining latent impressionsof ignoran%e* an! more naturall# %ome to these states of sama!hi$

="hava prat#a#ah vi!eha pra/riti la#anam>

"hava ? o"je%tive e+isten%e* "e%oming

prat#a#ah ? %ause* %ognitive prin%iple* %ontent of min!* %ognition

vi!eha ? "o!iless* !isem"o!ie!

pra/riti ? %reative %ause* su"tlest material %ause* nature

la#anam ? !issolve!* merge! into

1$&0 5thers follow a five'fol! s#stemati% path of 1> faithful %ertaint# in the path* &>

!ire%ting energ# towar!s the pra%ti%es* 3> repeate! memor# of the path an! thepro%ess of stilling the min!* 4> training in !eep %on%entration* an! .> the pursuit of



real /nowle!ge* "# whi%h the higher sama!hi =asamprajnata sama!hi> is attaine!$=shra!!ha vir#a smriti sama!hi prajna purva/ah itaresham>

shra!!ha ? un%on!itional faith* trust* %onfi!en%e* "elief* %ertaint#

vir#a ? energ#* strength of will

smriti ? memor#* intentful remem"ran%e* min!fulness

sama!hi ? !eep a"sorption of me!itation* entas#

prajna ? wis!om* !is%ernment* super %ognitive

purva/ah ? pre%e!ing* %oming "efore* prereuisite

itaresham ? of other peopleYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati

Page 10 of 6304

1$&1 hose who pursue their pra%ti%es with intensit# of feeling* vigor* an! firm%onvi%tion a%hieve %on%entration an! the fruits thereof more ui%/l#* %ompare! to

those of me!ium or lesser intensit#$=tivra samvega asannah>

tivra ? rate is fast* spee!#

samvega ? momentum* for%e* vigor* %onvi%tion* enthusiasm

asannah ? ver# %lose* near* spee!#

1$&& -or those with intense pra%ti%es an! intense %onvi%tion =1$&1>* there are three

more su"!ivisions of pra%ti%e* those of mil! intensit#* me!ium intensit#* an! intenseintensit#$

=mri!u ma!h#a a!himatra tatah api visheshah mri!u ? mil!* slow

ma!h#a ? me!ium* mi!!ling

a!himatra ? intense* strong

tatah ? from that

api ? also

visheshah ? !ifferentiation* !istin%tion

Contemplation on +", or -, (1.%1.%*)1$&3 -rom a spe%ial pro%ess of !evotion an! letting go into the %reative sour%e fromwhi%h we emerge! =ishvara prani!hana>* the %oming of sama!hi is imminent$=ishvara prani!hana va>

ishvara ? %reative sour%e* pure %ons%iousness* purusha* Eo!* supreme Euru or

tea%her prani!hana ? pra%ti%ing the presen%e* sin%erit#* !e!i%ation* !evotion*

surren!er of fruits of pra%ti%e va ? or

1$&4 hat %reative sour%e =ishvara> is a parti%ular %ons%iousness =purusha> that isunaffe%te! "# %olorings =/leshas>* a%tions =/armas>* or results of those a%tions thathappen when latent impressions stir an! %ause those a%tions$

=/lesha /arma vipa/a asha#aih aparamristah purusha'vishesha ishvara /lesha ? %olore!* painful* affli%te!* impure the root klish means to cause

trouble

/arma ? a%tions*

vipa/a ? fruits of* maturing* ripening

asha#aih ? "# the vehi%les* resting pla%e* storage of tra%es* propensities*

a%%umulations

aparamristah ? untou%he!* unsmeare!

purusha'vishesha ? a %ons%iousness* a spe%ial or !istin%t purusha =purusha ?

a %ons%iousness vishesha ? spe%ial* !istin%t>

ishvara ? %reative sour%e* Eo!* supreme Euru or tea%herYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati

Page 11 of 6304

1$&. In that pure %ons%iousness =ishvara> the see! of omnis%ien%e has rea%he! its



highest !evelopment an! %annot "e e+%ee!e!$=tatra niratisha#am sarvajna "ijam>

tatra ? there* in that =in that spe%ial purusha>

niratisha#am ? unsurpasse!* not e+%ee!e! "# an# others* limitless

sarvajna ? all /nowing =sarva ? all jna ? /nowing>

"ijam ? see!

1$&6 -rom that %ons%iousness =ishvara> the an%ient'most tea%hers were taught* sin%eit is not limite! "# the %onstraint of time$

=purvesham api guruh /alena anava%h%hhe!at>

purvesham ? of the first* former* earlier* an%ient

api ? too* also

guruh ? tea%her

/alena ? "# time

anava%h%hhe!at ? not limite! "# =time>* no "rea/ or !ivision* %ontinuous

1$&A he sa%re! wor! !esignating this %reative sour%e is the soun! 52* %alle!pranava$

=tas#a va%ha/ah pranavah> tas#a ? of that va%ha/ah ? !esignator* signifier* in!i%ator* term

pranavah ? the mantra @F2 or 52

1$& his soun! is remem"ere! with !eep feeling for the meaning of what itrepresents$

=tat japah tat artha "havanam> tat ? its

japah ? repeate! remem"ran%e

tat ? its

artha ? meaning

"havanam ? un!erstan!ing with feeling* a"sor"ing* !welling upon

1$&C -rom that remem"ering %omes the reali)ation of the in!ivi!ual Self an! the

removal of o"sta%les$=tatah prat#a/ %hetana a!higamah api antara#a a"havash %ha>

tatah ? then%e

prat#a/ ? in!ivi!ual

%hetana ? %ons%iousness

a!higamah ? un!erstan!ing* reali)ation* attainment

api ? also

antara#a ? of o"sta%les or impe!iments

a"havash ? a"sen%e* !isappearan%e* removal

%ha ? an!* alsoYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage 1& of 63

04

-bstacles and solutions (1./1.%)1$30 :ine /in!s of !istra%tions %ome that are o"sta%les naturall# en%ountere! on thepath* an! are ph#si%al illness* ten!en%# of the min! to not wor/ effi%ientl#* !ou"t or

in!e%ision* la%/ of attention to pursuing the means of sama!hi* la)iness in min! an!"o!#* failure to regulate the !esire for worl!l# o"je%ts* in%orre%t assumptions orthin/ing* failing to attain stages of the pra%ti%e* an! insta"ilit# in maintaining a level of pra%ti%e on%e attaine!$=v#a!hi st#ana samsha#a prama!a alas#a avirati "hranti'!arshana ala"!ha"humi/atvaanavasthitatva %hitta vi/shepa te antara#ah>

v#a!hi ? !isease* illness* si%/ness

st#ana ? mental la)iness* ineffi%ien%#* i!leness* pro%rastination* !ullness

samsha#a ? in!e%ision* !ou"t prama!a ? %arelessness* negligen%e



alas#a ? sloth* languor* la)iness

avirati ? sensualit#* want of non'atta%hment* non'a"stention* %raving

"hranti'!arshana ? false views or per%eption* %onfusion of philosophies

="hranti ? false !arshana ? views* per%eption>

ala"!ha'"humi/atva ? failing to attain stages of pra%ti%e =ala"!ha ? not

o"taining "humi/atva ? stage* state* firm groun!>

anavasthitatva ? insta"ilit#* slipping !own* ina"ilit# to maintain

%hitta'vi/shepa ? !istra%tions of the min! =%hitta ? min! fiel! vi/shepa ?

!istra%tions* !iversions> te ? the# are* these are

antara#ah ? o"sta%les* impe!iments

1$31 -rom these o"sta%les* there are four other %onseuen%es that also arise* an!

these are8 1> mental or ph#si%al pain* &> sa!ness or !eje%tion* 3> restlessness*sha/iness* or an+iet#* an! 4> irregularities in the e+halation an! inhalation of "reath$

=!uh/ha !aurmanas#a angam'eja#atva shvasa prashvasah vi/shepa saha"huva> !uh/ha ? pain =mental or ph#si%al>

!aurmanas#a ? sa!ness* !espair* !eje%tion* frustration* !epression* anguish

angam'eja#atva ? sha/iness* unstea!iness* movement* tremor of the lim"s or

"o!# =anga ? lim"s or "o!#> shvasa ? inhalation* inspiration =impl#ing irregular inhalation>

prashvasah ? e+halation* e+piration =impl#ing irregular e+halation>

vi/shepa ? !istra%tions

saha"huva ? %ompanions* a%%ompaniments* %orrelatesYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati

Page 13 of 6304

1$3& o prevent or !eal with these nine o"sta%les an! their four %onseuen%es* there%ommen!ation is to ma/e the min! one'pointe!* training it how to fo%us on a singleprin%iple or o"je%t$=tat pratise!ha artham e/a tattva a"h#asah>

tat ? those* their

pratise!ha ? prevention* negation* neutrali)ing* prohi"ition* opposing* voi!ing*

removal

artham ? for* for the purpose of* in or!er to

e/a ? single*

tattva ? truth* prin%iple* su"je%t* realit#

a"h#asah ? pra%ti%e* %ultivating that ha"it

Stabili0ing and clearing the mind (1.1.*)1$33 In relationships* the min! "e%omes purifie! "# %ultivating feelings of frien!liness

towar!s those who are happ#* %ompassion for those who are suffering* goo!willtowar!s those who are virtuous* an! in!ifferen%e or neutralit# towar!s those we

per%eive as wi%/e! or evil$=maitri /aruna mu!ita upe/shanam su/ha !uh/a pun#a apun#a visha#anam"havanatah %hitta prasa!anam>

maitri ? frien!liness* pleasantness* lovingness

/aruna ? %ompassion* mer%#

mu!ita ? gla!ness* goo!will

upe/shanam ? a%%eptan%e* euanimit#* in!ifferen%e* !isregar!* neutralit#

su/ha ? happ#* %omforta"le* jo#ous

!uh/a ? pain* miser#* suffering* sorrow

pun#a ? virtuous* meritorious* "enevolent

apun#a ? non'virtuous* vi%e* "a!* wi%/e!* evil* "a!* !emerit* non'meritorious*

visha#anam ? regar!ing those su"je%ts* in relation to those o"je%ts

"havanatah ? "# %ultivating ha"its* "# %onstant refle%tion* !eveloping attitu!e*

%ultivating* impressing on oneself



%hitta ? min! fiel!* %ons%iousness

prasa!anam ? purifie!* %lear* serene* pleasant* pa%ifie!* un!istur"e!* pea%eful*

%alm1$34 he min! is also %alme! "# regulating the "reath* parti%ularl# atten!ing to

e+halation an! the natural stilling of "reath that %omes from su%h pra%ti%e$=pra%h%hhar!ana vi!harana"h#am va prana#ama>

pra%h%hhar!ana ? gentle e+halation through the nostrils

vi!harana"h#am ? e+pansion or regulation* %ontrol

va ? or =or other pra%ti%es in 1$34'1$3C>

pranas#a ? of pranaYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage 14 of 6304

1$3. he inner %on%entration on the pro%ess of sensor# e+perien%ing* !one in a wa#

that lea!s towar!s higher* su"tle sense per%eption this also lea!s to sta"ilit# an!tranuilit# of the min!$

=visha#avati va pravritti utpanna manasah sthiti ni"an!hani>

visha#avati ? of the sensing e+perien%e

va ? or =or other pra%ti%es in 1$34'1$3C> pravritti ? higher per%eption* a%tivit#* in%linations

utpanna ? arising* appearing* manifesting

manasah ? min!* mental* manas

sthiti ? sta"ilit#* stea!iness* sta"le tranuilit#* un!istur"e! %almness

ni"an!hani ? firml# esta"lishes* %auses* seals* hol!s

1$36 5r %on%entration on a painless inner state of lu%i!ness an! luminosit# also "ringssta"ilit# an! tranuilit#$

=visho/a va j#otishmati> visho/a ? state free from pain* grief* sorrow* or suffering


j#otishmati ? the "right effulgen%e* lu%i!it#* luminosit#* inner light* supreme or

!ivine light1$3A 5r %ontemplating on having a min! that is free from !esires* the min! gets

sta"ili)e! an! tranuil$=vita raga visha#am va %hittam>

vita ? without* !evoi! of

raga ? atta%hment* !esires* attra%tion

visha#am ? o"je%ts of the senses


%hittam ? of the %ons%iousness of the min!'fiel!

1$3 5r "# fo%using on the nature of the stream in the !ream state or the nature of

the state of !reamless sleep* the min! "e%omes sta"ili)e! an! tranuil$

=svapna ni!ra jnana alam"anam va> svapna ? !ream =fo%using on the nature of the state of !reaming itself* not the

%ontent of !reams>

ni!ra ? sleep =fo%using on the state itself* as an o"je%t>

jnana ? /nowle!ge* stu!#* investigation* awareness* o"servation

alam"anam ? having as support for attention* o"je%t of %on%entration

va ? or =or other pra%ti%es in 1$34'1$3C>Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage 1. of 6304

1$3C 5r "# %ontemplating or %on%entrating on whatever o"je%t or prin%iple one ma#li/e* or towar!s whi%h one has a pre!isposition* the min! "e%omes sta"le an! tranuil$=#atha a"himata !h#anat va>

#atha ? as* a%%or!ing to

a"himata ? one9s own pre!isposition* %hoi%e* !esire* want* li/e* familiarit#*



agreea"leness !h#anat ? me!itate on

va ? or =or other pra%ti%es a"ove in sutras 1$34'1$3C>

+fter stabili0ing the mind (1.!/1.$1)1$40 hen* through su%h pra%ti%es =as previousl# !es%ri"e! in 1$33'1$3C>* the min!!evelops the power of "e%oming sta"le on the smallest si)e o"je%t as well as on thelargest* then the min! trul# %omes un!er %ontrol$

=parma'anu parama'mahattva antah as#a vashi/arah> parma'anu? from the minutest =parma ? most anu ? minutest* smallest>

parama'mahattva ? ultimate magnitu!e =parama ? ultimate* ma+imum

mahattva ? infinit#* largeness magnitu!e>

antah ? en!* e+ten!ing to

as#a ? of this* of his or hers =who has

vashi/arah ? master#* power

1$41 hen the mo!ifi%ations of min! have "e%ome wea/ene!* the min! "e%omes li/e

a transparent %r#stal* an! thus %an easil# ta/e on the ualities of whatever o"je%to"serve!* whether that o"je%t "e the o"server* the means of o"serving* or an o"je%t

o"serve!* in a pro%ess of engrossment %alle! samapattih$=/shinna'vritti a"hijatas#a iva maneh grahitri grahana grah#eshu tat'stha tat'anjanata

samapattih>

/shinna'vritti ? with mo!ifi%ations of min! wea/ene! =/shinna ? wea/ene!

vritti ? mo!ifi%ations of min!>

a"hijatas#a ? transparent* purifie!

iva ? li/e

maneh ? of a %r#stal

grahitri ? the /nower* apprehen!er* o"server

grahana ? pro%ess of /nowing or apprehen!ing* instrument of /nowing

grah#eshu ? the /nowa"le* /nowle!ge* apprehen!e! o"je%ts

tat'stha ? remaining in it* "eing sta"le on them* on whi%h it sta#s or rests

tat'anjanata ? ta/ing on the %oloring of that* %oales%ing with* appearing tota/e the shape of the o"je%t

samapattih ? engrossment* %oin%i!en%e* %omplete a"sorption* transmute into

li/eness* total "alan%eYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage 16 of 6304

1$4& 5ne t#pe of su%h an engrossment =samapattih> is one in whi%h there is a mi+tureof three things* a wor! or name going with the o"je%t* the meaning or i!entit# of thato"je%t* an! the /nowle!ge asso%iate! with that o"je%t this engrossment is /nown as

savitar/a samapattih =asso%iate! with gross o"je%ts>$=tatra sha"!a artha jnana vi/alpah san/irna savitar/a samapattih>

tatra ? there* among these* in that sha"!a ? soun!* wor!

artha ? meaning

jnana ? /nowle!ge* i!ea

vi/alpah ? with options

san/irna ? mi+e! with* %ommingle!* intersperse!

savitar/a ? a%%ompanie! with gross thoughts =sa ? with vitar/a ? gross

thoughts>

samapattih ? engrossment* %oin%i!en%e* %omplete a"sorption* transmute into

li/eness1$43 hen the memor# or storehouse of mo!ifi%ations of min! is purifie!* then themin! appears to "e !evoi! of its own nature an! onl# the o"je%t on whi%h it is

%ontemplating appears to shine forwar! this t#pe of engrossment is /nown asnirvitar/a samapattih$



=smriti pari'shu!!hau svarupa'shun#a iva artha'matra nir"hasa nirvitar/a> smriti ? of memor#

pari'shu!!hau ? upon purifi%ation =pari ? upon shu!!hau ? purifi%ation>

svarupa'shun#a ? !evoi! of its own nature =shun#a ? !evoi! svarupa ? its

own nature> iva ? as it were

artha'matra ? onl# the o"je%t =artha ? o"je%t matra ? onl#>

nir"hasa ? illuminative* shining "rightl#

nirvitar/a ? without a gross thought =nir ? without vitar/a ? gross thought>

1$44 In the same wa# that these engrossments operate with gross o"je%ts in savitar/a

samapattih* the engrossment with su"tle o"je%ts also operates* an! is /nown assavi%hara an! nirvi%hara samapattih$

=eta#a eva savi%hara nirvi%hara %ha su/shma'visha#a v#a/h#ata> eta#a ? "# this

eva ? also

savi%hara ? a%%ompanie! "# su"tle thoughts =sa ? with vi%hara ? su"tle

thoughts>

nirvi%hara ? !evoi! of su"tle thoughts =nir ? without vi%hara ? su"tle

thoughts> %ha ? an!

su/shma'visha#a ? having su"tle for their o"je%ts =su/shma ? su"tle visha#a

? o"je%ts>

v#a/h#ata ? are e+plaine!* !es%ri"e!* !efine!Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati

Page 1A of 6304

1$4. ;aving su%h su"tle o"je%ts e+ten!s all the wa# up to unmanifest pra/riti$=su/shma visha#atvam %ha alinga par#avasanam>

su/shma ? su"tle

visha#atvam ? of having as o"je%ts

%ha ? an!

alinga ? without a mar/ or tra%e* unmanifest pra/riti =su"tlest matter>

par#avasanam ? e+ten!ing up to* en!ing at

1$46 hese four varieties of engrossment are the onl# /in!s of %on%entrations=sama!hi> whi%h are o"je%tive* an! have a see! of an o"je%t$=tah eva sa"ijah sama!hih>

tah ? these* those* the#

eva ? onl#

sa"ijah ? with see!* see!e!

sama!hih ? !eep a"sorption of me!itation* entas#

1$4A @s one gains profi%ien%# in the un!istur"e! flow in nirvi%hara* a purit# an!

luminosit# of the inner instrument of min! is !evelope!$=nirvi%hara vaishara!#e a!h#atma prasa!ah>

nirvi%hara ? !evoi! of su"tle thoughts =nir ? without vi%hara ? su"tle

thoughts>

vaishara!#e ? with un!istur"e! flow*

a!h#atma ? spiritual* regar!ing the atman or true Self

prasa!ah ? purit#* luminosit#* illumination* %learness

1$4 he e+periential /nowle!ge that is gaine! in that state is one of essential wis!oman! is fille! with truth$=ritam"hara tatra prajna>

ritam"hara ? fille! with higher truth* essen%e* supreme %ognition

tatra ? there

prajna ? /nowle!ge* wis!om* insight1$4C hat /nowle!ge is !ifferent from the /nowle!ge that is %ommingle! with



testimon# or through inferen%e* "e%ause it relates !ire%tl# to the spe%ifi%s of theo"je%t* rather than to those wor!s or other %on%epts$=shruta anumana prajna"h#am an#a'visha#a vishesha'arthatvat>

shruta ? testimon#* hear!* learne!* from tra!ition

anumana ? inferen%e* reasoning* !e!u%tion

prajna"h#am ? from those /in!s of /nowle!ge

an#a'visha#a ? having !ifferent o"je%ts =an#a ? !ifferent visha#a ? o"je%ts*

fiel!s* realms* !omains>

vishesha'arthatvat ? relating to parti%ular o"je%ts* purpose* or signifi%an%eYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage 1 of 6304

1$.0 his t#pe of /nowle!ge that is fille! with truth %reates latent impressions in themin!'fiel!* an! those new impressions ten! to re!u%e the formation of other less

useful forms of ha"itual latent impressions$=tajjah sams/arah an#a sams/ara pari"an!hi>

tajjah ? arising or pro!u%ing from that

sams/arah ? !eep impressions* resi!ual imprints* a%tivating imprints

an#a ? of other sams/ara ? !eep impressions* resi!ual imprints* a%tivating imprints

pari"an!hi ? impe!ing* o"stru%ting* re!u%ing* opposing* inhi"iting

1$.1 hen even these latent impressions from truth fille! /nowle!ge re%e!e along

with the other impressions* then there is o"je%tless %on%entration$=tas#a api niro!he sarva niro!hat nir"ijah sama!hih>

tas#a ? of that

api ? too

niro!he ? re%e!ing* master#* %oor!ination* %ontrol* regulation* setting asi!e of

sarva ? of all

niro!hat ? through niro!hah =niro!hah ? %ontrol* regulation* %hanneling*

master#* integration* %oor!ination* un!erstan!ing* stilling* uieting* setting

asi!e of> nir"ijah ? without a see!* see!less =nir ? without "ijah ? see!>

sama!hih ? !eep a"sorption of me!itation* entas#Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati

Page 1C of 6304

Chapter %: Practices (Sadhana Pada),inimi0ing gross colorings that eil the Self (%.1%.*)&$1 Yoga in the form of a%tion =/ri#a #oga> has three parts8 1> training an! purif#ingthe senses =tapas>* &> self'stu!# in the %onte+t of tea%hings =sva!h#a#a>* an! 3>

!evotion an! letting go into the %reative sour%e from whi%h we emerge! =ishvara

prani!hana>$=tapah sva!h#a#a ishvara'prani!hana /ri#a'#ogah>

tapah ? a%%epting the purif#ing aspe%ts of painful e+perien%e* purif#ing a%tion*

training the senses

sva!h#a#a ? self'stu!# in the %onte+t of tea%hings* remem"ran%e of sa%re!

wor! or mantra

ishvara ? %reative sour%e* %ausal fiel!* Eo!* supreme Euru or tea%her

prani!hana ? pra%ti%ing the presen%e* !e!i%ation* !evotion* surren!er of fruits

of pra%ti%e

/ri#a'#ogah ? #oga of pra%ti%e* a%tion* pra%ti%al #oga

&$& hat Yoga of a%tion =/ri#a #oga> is pra%ti%e! to "ring a"out sama!hi an! tominimi)e the %olore! thought patterns =/leshas>$

=sama!hi "havana arthah /lesha tanu /aranarthah %ha> sama!hi ? !eep a"sorption of me!itation* the state of perfe%te! %on%entration



"havana ? to "ring a"out* %ultivate

arthah ? for the purpose of

/lesha ? %olore!* painful* affli%te!* impure

tanu'/arana ? minimi)e* to ma/e fine* attenuate* wea/en

arthah ? for the purpose

%ha ? an!&$3 here are five /in!s of %oloring =/leshas>8 1> forgetting* or ignoran%e a"out the

true nature of things =avi!#a>* &> I'ness* in!ivi!ualit#* or egoism =asmita>* 3>

atta%hment or a!!i%tion to mental impressions or o"je%ts =raga>* 4> aversion tothought patterns or o"je%ts =!vesha>* an! .> love of these as "eing life itself* as well

as fear of their loss as "eing !eath$=avi!#a asmita raga !vesha a"hinivesha pan%ha /lesha>

avi!#a ? spiritual forgetting* ignoran%e* veiling* nes%ien%e

asmita ? asso%iate! with I'ness

raga ? attra%tion or !rawing to* a!!i%tion

!vesha ? aversion or pushing awa#* hatre!

a"hinivesha ? resistan%e to loss* fear of !eath of i!entit#* !esire for %ontinuit#*

%linging to the life of pan%ha ? five

/lesha ? %olore!* painful* affli%te!* impure the root klish means to cause

trouble =klesha is the noun form of the a!je%tive klishta>Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati

Page &0 of 6304

&$4 he root forgetting or ignoran%e of the nature of things =avi!#a> is the "ree!inggroun! for the other of the five %olorings =/leshas>* an! ea%h of these is in one of four

states8 1> !ormant or ina%tive* &> attenuate! or wea/ene!* 3> interrupte! orseparate! from temporaril#* or 4> a%tive an! pro!u%ing thoughts or a%tions to var#ing

!egrees$=avi!#a /shetram uttaresham prasupta tanu vi%%hinna u!aranam>


/shetram ? fiel!* "ree!ing groun!

uttaresham ? for the others

prasupta ? !ormant* latent* see!

tanu ? attenuate!* wea/ene!

vi%%hinna ? !istan%e!* separate!* %ut off* inter%epte!* alternate!

u!aranam ? full# a%tive* arouse!* sustaine!

&$. Ignoran%e =avi!#a> is of four t#pes8 1> regar!ing that whi%h is transient as eternal*

&> mista/ing the impure for pure* 3> thin/ing that whi%h "rings miser# to "ringhappiness* an! 4> ta/ing that whi%h is not'self to "e self$

=anti#a ashu%hi !uh/ha anatmasu nit#a shu%hi su/ha atman /h#atih avi!#a> anti#a ? non'eternal* impermanent* ephemeral ashu%hi ? impure

!uh/ha ? painful* sorrowful* suffering

anatmasu ? non'self* non'atman

nit#a ? eternal* everlasting

shu%hi ? pure

su/ha ? pleasura"le* pleasant

atman ? Self* soul

/h#atih ? ta/ing to "e* supposing to "e* seeing as if


&$6 he %oloring =/lesha> of I'ness or egoism =asmita>* whi%h arises from theignoran%e* o%%urs !ue to the mista/e of ta/ing the intelle%t ="u!!hi* whi%h /nows*

!e%i!es* ju!ges* an! !is%riminates> to itself "e pure %ons%iousness =purushaG!rig>$=!rig !arshana sha/t#oh e/atmata iva asmita>



!rig ? %ons%iousness itself as seeing agent

!arshana'sha/t#oh ? the instrument of seeing* power of intelle%t or "u!!hi to

o"serve =!arshana ? seeing sha/ti ? power> e/atmata ? i!entit#* with oneself =e/a ? one atmata ? selfness

iva ? appearing to "e* apparentl# as if

asmita ? I'nessYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage &1 of 6304

&$A @tta%hment =raga> is a separate mo!ifi%ation of min!* whi%h follows the rising of

the memor# of pleasure* where the three mo!ifi%ations of atta%hment* pleasure* an!the memor# of the o"je%t are then asso%iate! with one another$

=su/ha anusha#i ragah> su/ha ? pleasure

anusha#i ? seuential attra%tion to* %losel# following* se%on!ar#

a%%ompaniment* resting on

ragah ? atta%hment* a!!i%tion

&$ @version =!vesha> is a mo!ifi%ation that results from miser# asso%iate! with some

memor#* where"# the three mo!ifi%ations of aversion* pain* an! the memor# of theo"je%t or e+perien%e are then asso%iate! with one another$

=!u/ha anusha#i !vesha>

!u/ha ? pain* sorrow* suffering

anusha#i ? seuential attra%tion to* %losel# following* se%on!ar#

a%%ompaniment* resting on

!vesha ? aversion or pushing awa#* hatre!

&$C ,ven for those people who are learne!* there is an ever'flowing* firml# esta"lishe!

love for %ontinuation an! a fear of %essation* or !eath* of these various %olore!mo!ifi%ations =/leshas>$=sva'rasa'vahi vi!ushah api tatha ru!hah a"hiniveshah>

sva'rasa'vahi ? flowing on its own momentum =sva ? own rasa ? in%lination*

momentum* poten%# vahi ? flowing> vi!ushah ? in the wise or learne! person

api ? even

tatha ? the same wa#

ru!hah ? firml# esta"lishe!

a"hiniveshah ? resistan%e to loss* fear of !eath of i!entit#* !esire for

%ontinuit#* %linging to the life of

2ealing 3ith subtle impressions that eil the Self (%.1/%.11)&$10 hen the five t#pes of %olorings =/leshas> are in their su"tle* merel# potential

form* the# are then !estro#e! "# their !isappearan%e or %essation into an! of the fiel!of min! itself$

=te pratipasava he#ah su/shmah> te ? these

pratipasava ? involution* resolving "a%/ into the %ause from whi%h the# arose

he#ah ? to "e over%ome* re!u%e!* a"an!one!* !estro#e!* eliminate!

su/shmah ? su"tleYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati

Page && of 6304

&$11 hen the mo!ifi%ations still have some poten%# of %oloring =/lishta>* the# are"rought to the state of mere potential "# me!itation =!h#ana>$

=!h#ana he#ah tat vritta#ah> !h#ana ? me!itation

he#ah ? to "e over%ome* re!u%e!* a"an!one!* !estro#e!

tat ? that

vritta#ah ? operations* a%tivities* flu%tuations* mo!ifi%ations* %hanges* or



various forms of the min!'fiel!

4rea5ing the alliance of 5arma (%.1%%.%$)&$1& Hatent impressions that are %olore! =/armasha#a> result from other a%tions

=/armas> that were "rought a"out "# %olorings =/leshas>* an! "e%ome a%tive an!e+perien%e! in a %urrent life or a future life$

=/lesha'mula /arma'asha#a !rishta a!rishta janma ve!ani#ah>

/lesha'mula ? having %olorings as its origin =/lesha ? %olore!* painful*

affli%te!* impure mula ? origin* root> /arma'asha#a ? repositor# of /arma =/arma ? a%tions stemming from the

!eep impressions of sams/aras asha#a ? repositor#* a%%umulation* !eposit*vehi%le* reservoir* wom">

!rishta ? seen* visi"le* e+perien%e! %ons%iousl#* present

a!rishta ? unseen* invisi"le* onl# e+perien%e! un%ons%iousl#* future

janma ? in "irths

ve!ani#ah ? to "e e+perien%e!

&$13 @s long as those %olorings =/leshas> remains at the root* three %onseuen%es arepro!u%e!8 1> "irth* &> span of life* an! 3> e+perien%es in that life$

=sati mule tat vipa/ah jati a#us "hogah> sati ? sin%e "eing here* "eing present* e+isting

mule ? to "e at the root

tat ? of that

vipa/ah ? ripening* fruition* maturation

jati ? t#pe of "irth* spe%ies* state of life

a#us ? span of life* lifetime

"hogah ? having e+perien%e* resulting enjo#ment

&$14 Be%ause of having the nature of merits or !emerits =virtue or vi%e>* these three="irth* span of life* an! e+perien%es> ma# "e e+perien%e! as either pleasure or pain$

=te hla!a'paritapa'phalah pun#a apun#a hetutvat> te ? the#* those =referring to those who ta/e "irth* as in the last sutra>

hla!a'paritapa'phalah ? e+perien%ing pleasure an! pain as fruits =hla!a ?pleasure* !elight paritapa ? pain* agon#* anguish phalah ? fruits>

pun#a ? virtuous* meritorious* "enevolent

apun#a ? non'virtuous* vi%e* "a!* wi%/e!* evil* "a!* !emerit* non'meritorious

hetutvat ? having as their %ause =the pun#a or apun#a>Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati

Page &3 of 6304

&$1. @ wise* !is%riminating person sees all worl!l# e+perien%es as painful* "e%ause of reasoning that all these e+perien%es lea! to more %onseuen%es* an+iet#* an! !eepha"its =sams/aras>* as well as a%ting in opposition to the natural ualities$=parinama tapa sams/ara !uh/haih guna vrittih viro!hat %ha !uh/ham eva sarvam

vive/inah> parinama ? of %hange* transformation* result* %onseuen%e* mutative effe%t*

alteration tapa ? an+iet#* anguish* pain* suffering* miser#* torment

sams/ara ? su"tle impressions* imprints in the un%ons%ious* !eepest ha"its

!uh/haih ? "# reason of suffering* sorrows

guna ? of the ualities* gunas of pra/riti =sattvas* rajas* tamas>

vrittih ? operations* a%tivities* flu%tuations* mo!ifi%ations* %hanges* or various


viro!hat ? "e%ause of reasoning the %ontra!i%tor#

%ha ? an!

!uh/ham ? "e%ause of the pain* suffering* sorrow

eva ? is onl# sarvam ? all



vive/inah ? to one who !is%riminates* !is%erns

&$16 Be%ause the worl!l# e+perien%es are seen as painful* it is the pain* whi%h is #et

to %ome that is to "e avoi!e! an! !is%ar!e!$=he#am !uh/ham anagatam>

he#am ? to "e !is%ar!e!* avoi!e!* prevente!

!uh/ham ? pain* suffering* sorrow

anagatam ? whi%h has not #et %ome* in the future

&$1A he uniting of the seer =the su"je%t* or e+perien%er> with the seen =the o"je%t* or

that whi%h is e+perien%e!> is the %ause or %onne%tion to "e avoi!e!$=!rashtri !rish#a#oh sam#ogah he#a hetuh>

!rashtri ? of the seer* /nower* apprehen!er

!rish#a#oh ? of the seen* /nowa"le

sam#ogah ? union* %onjun%tion

he#a ? to "e !is%ar!e!* avoi!e!* prevente!

hetuh ? the %ause* reasonYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage &4 of 6304

&$1 he o"je%ts =or /nowa"les> are "# their nature of8 1> illumination or sentien%e* &>a%tivit# or muta"ilit#* or 3> inertia or stasis the# %onsist of the elements an! the

powers of the senses* an! e+ist for the purpose of e+perien%ing the worl! an! forli"eration or enlightenment$

=pra/asha /ri#a sthiti shilam "huta in!ri#a atma/am "hoga apavarga artham!rish#am>

pra/asha ? illumination* light

/ri#a ? of a%tivit#

sthiti ? stea!iness* inertia* stasis

shilam ? having the nature of =illumination* a%tivit#* stea!iness>

"huta ? the elements =earth* water* fire* air* spa%e>

in!ri#a ? powers of a%tion an! sensation* instruments* mental sense organs

atma/am ? %onsisting of =elements an! senses>

"hoga ? e+perien%e* enjo#ment

apavarga ? li"eration* free!om* eman%ipation

artham ? for the sa/e of* purpose of* o"je%t of

!rish#am ? the seen* the /nowa"le

&$1C here are four states of the elements =gunas>* an! these are8 1> !iversifie!*spe%iali)e!* or parti%ulari)e! =vishesha>* &> un!iversifie!* unspe%iali)e!* orunparti%ulari)e! =avishesha>* 3> in!i%ator'onl#* un!ifferentiate! phenomenal* or

mar/e! onl# =linga'matra>* an! 4> without in!i%ator* noumenal* or without mar/=alingani>$

=vishesha avishesha linga'matra alingani guna parvani> vishesha ? !iversifie!* spe%iali)e!* parti%ulari)e!* having !ifferen%es avishesha ? un!iversifie!* unspe%iali)e!* unparti%ulari)e!* having no

!ifferen%es

linga'matra ? un!ifferentiate!* onl# a mar/ or tra%e =linga ? mar/* tra%e

matra ? onl#>

alingani ? without even a mar/ or tra%e* un!ifferentiate! su"tle matter

guna'parvani ? state of the gunas =guna ? of the ualities* gunas of pra/riti

parvani ? state* stage* level>&$&0 he Seer is "ut the for%e of seeing itself* appearing to see or e+perien%e that

whi%h is presente! as a %ognitive prin%iple$=!rashta !rishi matrah su!!hah api prat#a#a anupash#ah>

!rashta ? the seer

!rishi'matrah ? power of seeing =!rishi ? seeing matrah ? power> su!!hah ? pure



api ? even though* although


of min!* presente! i!ea* %ognition anupash#ah ? appearing to see

Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage &. of 63

04

&$&1 he essen%e or nature of the /nowa"le o"je%ts e+ists onl# to serve as the

o"je%tive fiel! for pure %ons%iousness$=ta!'artha eva !rish#as#a atma>

ta!'artha ? the purpose for that* to serve as =ta! ? that artha ? purpose>

eva ? onl#

!rish#as#a ? of the seen* /nowa"le

atma ? essen%e* "eing* e+isten%e

&$&& @lthough /nowa"le o"je%ts %ease to e+ist in relation to one who has e+perien%e!their fun!amental* formless true nature* the appearan%e of the /nowa"le o"je%ts is

not !estro#e!* for their e+isten%e %ontinues to "e share! "# others who are stillo"serving them in their grosser forms$

=/rita'artham prati nashtam api anashtam tat an#a sa!haranatvat> /rita'artham ? one whose purpose has "een a%%omplishe! =/rita ?

a%%omplishe! artham ? purpose>

prati ? towar!s* with regar! to

nashtam ? %ease!* !issolve!* finishe!* !estro#e!

api ? even* although

anashtam ? has not %ease!* not !issolve!* not finishe!* not !estro#e!

tat ? that

an#a ? for others

sa!haranatvat ? "eing %ommon to others* !ue to %ommonness

&$&3 ;aving an allian%e* or relationship "etween o"je%ts an! the Self is the ne%essar#means "# whi%h there %an su"seuentl# "e reali)ation of the true nature of those

o"je%ts "# that ver# Self$=sva svami sa/t#oh svarupa upala"!hi hetuh sam#ogah>

sva ? of "eing owne!

svami ? of "eing owner* master* the one who possesses

sa/t#oh ? of the powers

svarupa ? of the nature* own nature* own form =sva ? own rupa ? form>

upala"!hi ? re%ognition

hetuh ? that "rings a"out* the %ause* reason


&$&4 @vi!#a or ignoran%e =&$3'&$.>* the %on!ition of ignoring* is the un!erl#ing %ausethat allows this allian%e to appear to e+ist$

=tas#a hetuh avi!#a> tas#a ? of that =of that allian%e* from last sutra>

hetuh ? that "rings a"out* the %ause* reason

avi!#a ? spiritual forgetting* ignoran%e* veiling* nes%ien%eYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage &6 of 6304

&$&. B# %ausing a la%/ of avi!#a* or ignoran%e there is then an a"sen%e of the allian%e*an! this lea!s to a free!om /nown as a state of li"eration or enlightenment for theSeer$=tat a"havat sam#ogah a"havah hanam tat !rishi /aival#am>

tat ? its

a"havat ? !ue to its !isappearan%e* la%/ or a"sen%e =of that ignoran%e in the

last sutra>




a"havah ? a"sen%e* !isappearan%e* !issolution

hanam ? removal* %essation* a"an!onment

tat ? that

!rishi ? of the /nower* the for%e of seeing

/aival#am ? a"solute free!om* li"eration* enlightenment

The rungs of Yoga are for discrimination (%.%&%.%*)&$&6 lear* !istin%t* unimpaire! !is%riminative /nowle!ge is the means of li"erationfrom this allian%e$=vive/a /h#atih aviplava hana upa#ah>

vive/a'/h#atih ? !is%riminative /nowle!ge =vive/a ? !is%riminative*

!is%ernment /h#atih ? /nowle!ge* %orre%t %ognition* %larit#* awareness> aviplava ? un!istur"e!* without va%illation* uninterrupte!

hana ? of removal* of avoi!an%e

upa#ah ? the means* wa#* metho!

&$&A Seven /in!s of ultimate insight %ome to one who has attaine! this !egree of !is%rimination$=tas#a sapta!ha pranta "humih prajna>

tas#a ? to one* to su%h a person sapta!ha ? sevenfol!

pranta ? final* ultimate

"humih ? stage* level* !egree

prajna ? !is%rimination* insight* wis!om* %ogni)ing %ons%iousnessYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage &A of 6304

&$& hrough the pra%ti%e of the !ifferent lim"s* or steps to Yoga* where"# impuritiesare eliminate!* there arises an illumination that %ulminates in !is%riminative wis!om*or enlightenment$=#oga anga anusthana! ashu!!hi /sha#e jnana !iptih a vive/a /h#ateh>

#oga'anga ? rungs of #oga =#oga ? #oga anga ? rungs* lim"s* a%%essories*%omponents* steps* parts* mem"ers* %onstituents> anusthana! ? "# the sustaine! pra%ti%e* o"servan%e* performan%e

ashu!!hi ? impurities

/sha#e ? with the elimination* !estru%tion

jnana ? of wis!om* /nowle!ge*

!iptih ? light* "rillian%e* shining* ra!ian%e

a ? until* up to

vive/a'/h#atih ? !is%riminative /nowle!ge =vive/a ? !is%riminative*

!is%ernment /h#atih ? /nowle!ge* %orre%t %ognition* %larit#* awareness>

&$&C he eight rungs* lim"s* or steps of Yoga are the %o!es of self'regulation orrestraint =#amas>* o"servan%es or pra%ti%es of self'training =ni#amas>* postures

=asana>* e+pansion of "reath an! prana =prana#ama>* with!rawal of the senses=prat#ahara>* %on%entration =!harana>* me!itation =!h#ana>* an! perfe%te!%on%entration =sama!hi>$=#ama ni#ama asana prana#ama prat#ahara !harana !h#ana sama!hi ashtau angani>

#ama ? %o!es of restraint* a"stinen%es* self'regulations

ni#ama ? o"servan%es* pra%ti%es* self'training

asana ? me!itation posture =from the root as* whi%h means 7to sit7>

prana#ama ? e+pansion of "reath an! prana* regulation* %ontrol

prat#ahara ? with!rawal of the in!ri#as =the senses>* "ringing inwar!

!harana ? %on%entration

!h#ana ? me!itation

sama!hi ? me!itation in its higher state* !eep a"sorption of me!itation* the

state of perfe%te! %on%entration ashtau ? eight



angani ? rungs* lim"s* a%%essories* %omponents* steps* parts* mem"ers*

%onstituentsYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage & of 6304

Yamas and 6i#amas7 rungs 81 and 8% (%./%.!)

&$30 :on'injur# or non'harming =ahimsa>* truthfulness =sat#a>* a"stention fromstealing =aste#a>* wal/ing in awareness of the highest realit# ="rahma%har#a>* an!non'possessiveness or non'grasping with the senses =aparigraha> are the five #amas*

or %o!es of self'regulation or restraint* an! are the first of the eight steps of Yoga$=ahimsa sat#a aste#a "rahma%har#a aparigraha #ama>

ahimsa ? non'violen%e* non'harming* non'injur#

sat#a ? truthfulness* honest#

aste#a ? non'stealing* a"stention from theft

"rahma%har#a ? wal/ing in awareness of the highest realit#* %ontinen%e*

remem"ering the !ivine* pra%ti%ing the presen%e of Eo! aparigraha ? non'possessiveness* non'hol!ing through senses* non'gree!*

non'grasping* non'in!ulgen%e* non'a%uisitiveness

#ama ? %o!es of restraint* a"stinen%es* self'regulations&$31 hese %o!es of self'regulation or restraint "e%ome a great vow when the#"e%ome universal an! are not restri%te! "# an# %onsi!eration of the nature of the /in!

of living "eing to whom one is relate!* nor in an# pla%e* time or situation$=jati !esha /ala sama#a anava%h%hhinnah sarva'"haumah maha'vratam>

jati ? t#pe of "irth* spe%ies* state of life

!esha ? spa%e* pla%e

/ala ? time

sama#a ? %ir%umstan%e* %on!ition* %onsi!eration

anava%h%hhinnah ? not limite! "#

sarva'"haumah ? universal* in all parts =sarva ? all "haumah ? parts*

spheres>

maha'vratam ? great vow =maha ? great vratam ? vow>

&$3& leanliness an! purit# of "o!# an! min! =shau%ha>* an attitu!e of %ontentment=santosha>* as%esis or training of the senses =tapas>* self'stu!# an! refle%tion on

sa%re! wor!s =sva!h#a#a>* an! an attitu!e of letting go into one9s sour%e=ishvaraprani!hana> are the o"servan%es or pra%ti%es of self'training =ni#amas>* an!

are the se%on! rung on the la!!er of Yoga$=shau%ha santosha tapah sva!h#a#a ishvaraprani!hana ni#amah>

shau%ha ? purit# of "o!# an! min!

santosha ? %ontentment

tapah ? training the senses* austerities* as%esis

sva!h#a#a ? self'stu!#* refle%tion on sa%re! wor!s

ishvara ? %reative sour%e* %ausal fiel!* Eo!* supreme Euru or tea%her prani!hana ? pra%ti%ing the presen%e* !e!i%ation* !evotion* surren!er of fruits

of pra%ti%e

ni#amah ? o"servan%es or pra%ti%es of self'trainingYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage &C of 6304

&$33 hen these %o!es of self'regulation or restraint =#amas> an! o"servan%es orpra%ti%es of self'training =ni#amas> are inhi"ite! from "eing pra%ti%e! !ue to perverse*unwholesome* trou"lesome* or !eviant thoughts* prin%iples in the opposite !ire%tion*

or %ontrar# thought shoul! "e %ultivate!$=vitar/a "a!hane pratipa/sha "havanam>

vitar/a ? trou"lesome thoughts* !eviating =from the #amas an! ni#amas>

"a!hane ? !istur"e! "#* inhi"ite! "#

pratipa/sha ? to the %ontrar#* opposite thoughts or prin%iples



"havanam ? %ultivate* ha"ituate* thought of* %ontemplate on* refle%t on

&$34 @%tions arising out of su%h negative thoughts are performe! !ire%tl# "# oneself*

%ause! to "e !one through others* or approve! of when !one "# others$ @ll of thesema# "e pre%e!e! "#* or performe! through anger* gree! or !elusion* an! %an "e mil!*mo!erate or intense in nature$ o remin! oneself that these negative thoughts an!a%tions are the %auses of unen!ing miser# an! ignoran%e is the %ontrar# thought* or

prin%iple in the opposite !ire%tion that was re%ommen!e! in the previous sutra$=vitar/ah himsa!a#ah /rita /arita anumo!itah lo"ha /ro!ha moha purva/ah mri!uma!h#a a!himatrah !u/ha ajnana ananta phala iti pratipa/sha "havanam>

vitar/ah ? trou"lesome thoughts* !eviating =from the #amas an! ni#amas>

himsa!a#ah ? harmful an! the others =himsa ? harmful a!a#ah ? et %etera*

an! so forth>

/rita ? %ommitte! ="# oneself>

/arita ? %ause! to "e !one ="# others>

anumo!itah ? %onsente! to* approve! of =when !one "# others>

lo"ha ? gree!* !esire

/ro!ha ? anger

moha ? !elusion purva/ah ? pre%e!e! "#

mri!u ? mil!* slight

ma!h#a ? mi!!ling

a!himatrah ? intense* e+treme

!u/ha ? miser#* pain* suffering* sorrow

ajnana ? ignoran%e =a ? without jnana ? /nowle!ge>

ananta ? infinite* unen!ing =an ? un anta ? en!ing>

phala ? fruition* results* effe%ts

iti ? thus

pratipa/sha ? to the %ontrar#* opposite thoughts or prin%iples

"havanam ? %ultivate* ha"ituate* thought of* %ontemplate on* refle%t on

Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage 30 of 6304

4enefits from the Yamas and 6i#amas (%.$%.!$)&$3. @s a Yogi "e%omes firml# groun!e! in non'injur# =ahimsa>* other people who%ome near will naturall# lose an# feelings of hostilit#$

=ahimsa pratishtha#am tat vaira't#agah> ahimsa ? non'violen%e* non'harming* non'injur#

pratishtha#am ? having firml# esta"lishe!* "eing well groun!e! in

tat ? that* of his or her

vaira't#agah ? give up hostilities =vaira ? hostilit#* enmit#* aggression t#aga

? a"an!on* give up>

&$36 @s truthfulness =sat#a> is a%hieve!* the fruits of a%tions naturall# result a%%or!ingto the will of the Yogi$

=sat#a pratistha#am /ri#a phala ashra#atvam> sat#a ? truthfulness* honest#

pratistha#am ? having firml# esta"lishe!* "eing well groun!e! in

/ri#a ? a%tions

phala ? fruition* results* effe%ts

ashra#atvam ? %ome as a result of* are !epen!ent on* are su"servient to =the

Yogi>&$3A hen non'stealing =aste#a> is esta"lishe!* all jewels* or treasures present

themselves* or are availa"le to the Yogi$=aste#a pratistha#am sarva ratna upasthanam>

aste#a ? non'stealing* a"stention from theft pratistha#am ? having firml# esta"lishe!* "eing well groun!e! in



sarva ? of all

ratna ? jewels* treasures

upasthanam ? appear* %ome* approa%h to him or her* are availa"le* present

themselves

&$3 hen wal/ing in the awareness of the highest realit# ="rahma%har#a> is firml#esta"lishe!* then a great strength* %apa%it#* or vitalit# =vir#a> is a%uire!$

="rahma%har#a pratistha#am vir#a la"hah>

"rahma%har#a ? wal/ing in awareness of the highest realit#* a"solute realit#*

remem"ering the !ivine* pra%ti%ing the presen%e of Eo! %ontinen%e

pratistha#am ? having firml# esta"lishe!* "eing well groun!e! in

vir#a ? strength* vigor* vitalit#* %ourage

la"hah ? is a%uire!* attaine!* gaine!Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage 31 of 6304

&$3C hen one is stea!fast in non'possessiveness or non'grasping with the senses

=aparigraha>* there arises /nowle!ge of the wh# an! wherefore of past an! futurein%arnations$

=aparigraha sthair#e janma /athanta sam"o!hah> aparigraha ? non'possessiveness* non'hol!ing through senses* non'gree!*

non'grasping* non'in!ulgen%e* non'a%uisitiveness

sthair#e ? upon "eing stea!# in* sta"ilit#

janma ? "irth* in%arnation

/athanta ? how an! from where

sam"o!hah ? %omplete /nowle!ge of

&$40 hrough %leanliness an! purit# of "o!# an! min! =shau%ha>* one !evelops an

attitu!e of !istan%ing* or !isinterest towar!s one9s own "o!#* an! "e%omes !isin%line!towar!s %onta%ting the "o!ies of others$=sau%hat sva'anga jugupsa paraih asamsargah>

sau%hat ? "# %leanliness* purifi%ation =of "o!# an! min!>

sva'anga ? one9s own "o!# =sva ? one9s anga ? lim"s* "o!#>

jugupsa ? !isin%line!* !istan%e! from* !rawn awa# from

paraih ? an! with that of others

asamsargah ? %essation of %onta%t* non'asso%iation

&$41 @lso through %leanliness an! purit# of "o!# an! min! =shau%ha> %omes apurifi%ation of the su"tle mental essen%e =sattva>* a pleasantness* goo!ness an!

gla!ness of feeling* a one'pointe!ness with intentness* the %onuest or master# overthe senses* an! a fitness* ualifi%ation* or %apa"ilit# for self'reali)ation$=sattva shu!!hi saumanas#a e/agra in!ri#a'ja#a atma !arshana #og#atvani %ha>

sattva ? purest of su"tle essen%e* internal "eing

shu!!hi ? purifi%ation of

saumanas#a ? high'min!e!ness* %heerfulness* %larit#* pleasantness* goo!ness*gla!ness

e/agra ? one'pointe!ness =e/a ? one agra ? pointe!ness* intentness>

in!ri#a'ja#a ? %ontrol of the senses =in!ri#a ? a%tive an! %ognitive senses

ja#a ? %ontrol* regulation* master#>

atma ? of the Self* %enter of %ons%iousness

!arshana ? reali)ation* seeing* e+perien%ing

#og#atvani ? to "e fit for* ualifie! for

%ha ? an!

&$4& -rom an attitu!e of %ontentment =santosha>* une+%elle! happiness* mental%omfort* jo#* an! satisfa%tion is o"taine!$

=santosha anuttamah su/ha la"hah>

santosha ? %ontentment anuttamah ? une+%elle!* e+treme* supreme



su/ha ? pleasure* happiness* %omfort* jo#* satisfa%tion

la"hah ? is a%uire!* attaine!* gaine!Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage 3& of 6304

&$43 hrough as%esis or training of the senses =tapas>* there %omes a !estru%tion of

mental impurities* an! an ensuing master# or perfe%tion over the "o!# an! the mentalorgans of senses an! a%tions =in!ri#as>$

=/a#a in!ri#a si!!hih ashu!!hi /sha#at tapasah> /a#a ? of the ph#si%al "o!#

in!ri#a ? a%tive an! %ognitive senses

si!!hih ? attainment* master#* perfe%tion

ashu!!hi ? of impurities

/sha#at ? removal* !estru%tion* elimination

tapasah ? training the senses* austerities* as%esis

&$44 -rom self'stu!# an! refle%tion on sa%re! wor!s =sva!h#a#a>* one attains %onta%t*

%ommunion* or %on%ert with that un!erl#ing natural realit# or for%e$=sva!h#a#at ishta sampra#ogah>

sva!h#a#at ? self'stu!#* refle%tion on sa%re! wor!s ishta ? that whi%h is preferre!* %hosen* pre!ispose! towar!s

sampra#ogah ? %onne%te! with* in %onta%t* %ommunion

&$4. -rom an attitu!e of letting go into one9s sour%e =ishvaraprani!hana>* the state of

perfe%te! %on%entration =sama!hi> is attaine!$=sama!hi si!!hih ishvaraprani!hana>

sama!hi ? !eep a"sorption of me!itation* the state of perfe%te! %on%entration

si!!hih ? attainment* master#* a%%omplishment* perfe%tion

ishvara ? %reative sour%e* %ausal fiel!* Eo!* supreme Euru or tea%her

prani!hana ? pra%ti%ing the presen%e* !e!i%ation* !evotion* surren!er of fruits

of pra%ti%e

+sana or meditation posture7 rung 8 of (%.!&%.!)&$46 he posture =asana> for Yoga me!itation shoul! "e stea!#* sta"le* an!motionless* as well as %omforta"le* an! this is the thir! of the eight rungs of Yoga$=sthira su/ham asanam>

sthira ? stea!#* sta"le* motionless

su/ham ? %omforta"le* ease fille!

asanam ? me!itation posture =from the root as* whi%h means 7to sit7>

&$4A he means of perfe%ting the posture is that of rela+ing or loosening of effort* an!allowing attention to merge with en!lessness* or the infinite$=pra#atna shaithil#a ananta samapatti"h#am>

pra#atna ? tension or effort =relate! to tr#ing to !o the posture>

shaithil#a ? "# rela+ing* loosening* lessening* sla%/ening

ananta ? infinite* en!lessness samapatti"h#am ? "# fo%using attention on* "# %oales%en%e* %oin%i!en%e*

mergingYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage 33 of 6304

&$4 -rom the attainment of that perfe%te! posture* there arises an unassaila"le*unimpe!e! free!om from suffering !ue to the pairs of opposites =su%h as heat an!%ol!* goo! an! "a!* or pain an! pleasure>$=tatah !van!va ana"highata>

tatah ? then* there"#* then%e* from that

!van!va ? the pairs of opposites* the !ualities* !i%hotomies

ana"highata ? unimpe!e! free!om from suffering* without effe%t or impa%t*

%essation of !istur"an%e

Prana#ama and breath control7 rung 8! of (%.!*%.$)



&$4C 5n%e that perfe%te! posture has "een a%hieve!* the slowing or "ra/ing of thefor%e "ehin!* an! of unregulate! movement of inhalation an! e+halation is %alle!"reath %ontrol an! e+pansion of prana =prana#ama>* whi%h lea!s to the a"sen%e of theawareness of "oth* an! is the fourth of the eight rungs$=tasmin sati shvasa prashvsa#oh gati vi%h%hhe!ah prana#amah>

tasmin ? upon that =perfe%tion of me!itation posture>

sati ? "eing a%%omplishe!

shvasa ? inhalation

prashvsa#oh ? e+halation

gati ? of the un%ontrolle! movements

vi%h%hhe!ah ? slowing* softening or "ra/ing of the for%e "ehin!

prana#amah ? e+pansion of prana* regulation of "reath

&$.0 hat prana#ama has three aspe%ts of e+ternal or outwar! flow =e+halation>*internal or inwar! flow =inhalation>* an! the thir!* whi%h is the a"sen%e of "oth !uring

the transition "etween them* an! is /nown as fi+e!ness* retention* or suspension$hese are regulate! "# pla%e* time* an! num"er* with "reath "e%oming slow an!su"tle$="ah#a a"h#antara stam"ha vrittih !esha /ala san/h#a"hih pari!rishtah !irghasu/shmah>

"ah#a ? e+ternal

a"h#antara ? internal

stam"ha ? hol!ing* restraint* suspension* stationar#* retention* %essation*

transition



!esha ? pla%e* spot* spa%e* lo%ation

/ala ? time* perio!* !uration

san/h#a"hih ? "# these three* num"er* %ount of

pari!rishtah ? regulate! "#* o"serve! "#

!irgha ? ma!e long* prolonge!* slow su/shmah ? an! su"tle* fine


&$.1 he fourth prana#ama is that %ontinuous prana whi%h surpasses* is "e#on!* or"ehin! those others that operate in the e+terior an! interior realms or fiel!s$

="ah#a a"h#antara visha#a a/shepi %haturthah> "ah#a ? e+ternal

a"h#antara ? internal

visha#a ? region* spheres* realms* fiel!s

a/shepi ? going "e#on!* surpassing* setting asi!e

%haturthah ? the fourth

&$.& hrough that prana#ama the veil of /armashe#a =&$1&> that %overs the innerillumination or light is thinne!* !iminishes an! vanishes$

=tatah /shi#ate pra/asha avaranam> tatah ? then* there"#* then%e* from that

/shi#ate ? is !estro#e!* thinne!* !iminishes* vanishes

pra/asha ? light* illumination

avaranam ? veil* %overing

&$.3 hrough these pra%ti%es an! pro%esses of prana#ama* whi%h is the fourth of the

eight steps* the min! a%uires or !evelops the fitness* ualifi%ation* or %apa"ilit# fortrue %on%entration =!harana>* whi%h is itself the si+th of the steps$

=!haranasu %ha #og#ata manasah>

!haranasu ? for %on%entration* for !harana %ha ? an!



#og#ata ? fitness* prepare!ness* ualifi%ation* %apa"ilit#

manasah ? min!

Prat#ahara or sense 3ithdra3al7 rung 8$ of (%.$!%.$$)&$.4 hen the mental organs of senses an! a%tions =in!ri#as> %ease to "e engage!with the %orrespon!ing o"je%ts in their mental realm* an! assimilate or turn "a%/ intothe min!'fiel! from whi%h the# arose* this is %alle! prat#ahara* an! is the fifth step$=sva visha#a asampra#oge %hittas#a svarupe anu/arah iva in!ri#anam prat#aharah>

sva ? their own

visha#a ? o"je%ts* region* spheres* realms* fiel!s

asampra#oge ? not %oming into %onta%t with* non'%onjun%tion* %essation of

engagement

%hittas#a ? of the min! fiel!

svarupe ? own form* own nature =sva ? own rupe ? form* nature>

anu/arah ? imitate* resem"le* follow* "e engage! with

iva ? li/e* as though* as it were

in!ri#anam ? mental organs of a%tions an! senses =in!ri#as>

prat#aharah ? with!rawal of the in!ri#as =the senses>* "ringing inwar!

Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage 3. of 6304

&$.. hrough that turning inwar! of the organs of senses an! a%tions =in!ri#as> also%omes a supreme a"ilit#* %ontrolla"ilit#* or master# over those senses in%lining to gooutwar! towar!s their o"je%ts$=tatah parama vash#ata in!ri#anam>

tatah ? then* there"#* then%e* from that

parama ? highest* supreme* ultimate* perfe%te!

vash#ata ? master#* %ontrol* "eing wille!

in!ri#anam ? of the mental organs of a%tions an! senses =in!ri#as>Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage 36 of 6304

Chapter : Progressing (9ibhuti Pada)2harana7 2h#ana7 Samadhi7 rungs 8&7 8'7 and 8 (.1.)3$1 on%entration =!harana> is the pro%ess of hol!ing or fi+ing the attention of min!onto one o"je%t or pla%e* an! is the si+th of the eight rungs$=!eshah "an!hah %hittas#a !harana>

!eshah ? pla%e* o"je%t* point* spot

"an!hah ? "in!ing to* hol!ing* fi+ing* uniting

%hittas#a ? of the min!* %ons%iousness

!harana ? %on%entration* fo%using* !ire%ting attention

3$& he repeate! %ontinuation* or uninterrupte! stream of that one point of fo%us is

%alle! a"sorption in me!itation =!h#ana>* an! is the seventh of the eight steps$=tatra prat#a#a e/atanata !h#anam>

tatra ? there* therein =in that pla%e or !esha of 3$1>


of min!* presente! i!ea* %ognition

e/atanata ? one %ontinuous flow of uninterrupte! attention =e/a ? one tanata

? %ontinue! !ire%te!ness>

!h#anam ? me!itation

3$3 hen onl# the essen%e of that o"je%t* pla%e* or point shines forth in the min!* as if !evoi! even of its own form* that state of !eep a"sorption is %alle! !eep %on%entrationor sama!hi* whi%h is the eighth rung$=ta! eva artha matra nir"hasam svarupa shun#am iva sama!hih>

ta! ? that eva ? the same



artha ? o"je%t* pla%e* point

matra ? onl#* alone

nir"hasam ? shines forth* appears

svarupa ? own form* own nature =sva ? own rupe ? form* nature>

shun#am ? !evoi! of* empt#

iva ? as if* as it were sama!hih ? me!itation in its higher state* !eep a"sorption of me!itation* the

state of perfe%te! %on%entrationYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage 3A of 6304

Sam#ama is the finer tool (.!.&)3$4 he three pro%esses of !harana* !h#ana* an! sama!hi* when ta/en together on

the same o"je%t* pla%e or point is %alle! sam#ama$=tra#am e/atra sam#ama>

tra#am ? the three

e/atra ? together* as one

sam#ama ? !harana =%on%entration>* !h#ana =me!itation>* an! sama!hi ta/en

together3$. hrough the master# of that three'part pro%ess of sam#ama* the light of /nowle!ge* trans%en!ental insight* or higher %ons%iousness =prajna> !awns* illumines*flashes* or is visi"le$=ta! ja#at prajna lo/ah>

ta! ? of that

ja#at ? a%hievement* master#

prajna ? light of /nowle!ge* trans%en!ental insight* higher %ons%iousness

lo/ah ? flashes* illumines* "e%omes visi"le* !awns

3$6 hat three'part pro%ess of sam#ama is gra!uall# applie! to the finer planes*states* or stages of pra%ti%e$

=tas#a "humisu vini#ogah> tas#a ? its* of that

"humisu ? to the planes* states* stages

vini#ogah ? appli%ation* pra%ti%e

nternal is seen to be e;ternal (.'.)3$A hese three pra%ti%es of %on%entration =!harana>* me!itation =!h#ana>* an!sama!hi are more intimate or internal than the previous five pra%ti%es$

=tra#am antar angam purve"h#ah> tra#am ? these three

antar ? more internal* inner* intimate

angam ? rungs* lim"s* a%%essories* %omponents* steps* parts* mem"ers*

%onstituents =&$&>

purve"h#ah ? pre%e!ing* previous


3$ ;owever* these three pra%ti%es are e+ternal* an! not intimate %ompare! to nir"ija

sama!hi* whi%h is sama!hi that has no o"je%t* nor even a see! o"je%t on whi%h thereis %on%entration$

=ta! api "ahir angam nir"ijas#a>

ta! ? these* the#

api ? even* also* %ompare! to

"ahir ? outer* e+ternal

angam ? rungs* lim"s* a%%essories* %omponents* steps* parts* mem"ers*

%onstituents nir"ijas#a ? see!less sama!hi* having no see! =nir ? without "ijah ? see!>

=1$.1>



Witnessing subtle transitions 3ith Sam#ama (.*.1&)3$C hat high level of master# %alle! niro!hah'parinamah o%%urs in the moment of transition when there is a %onvergen%e of the rising ten!en%# of !eep impressions* the

su"si!ing ten!en%#* an! the attention of the min! fiel! itself$=v#utthana niro!hah sams/ara a"hi"hava pra!ur"havau niro!hah /sana %hitta

anva#ah niro!hah'parinamah>

v#utthana ? emergen%e* %oming out* rising

niro!hah ? master#* %oor!ination* %ontrol* regulation* setting asi!e of


a"hi"hava ? !isappearan%e* su"si!ing

pra!ur"havau ? manifesting* appearan%e

niro!hah ? master#* %oor!ination* %ontrol* regulation* setting asi!e of

/sana ? with the moment* instant* infinitesimal time =3$.3>


anva#ah ? %onne%tion with* %onjun%tion

niro!hah'parinamah ? transition to niro!hah =niro!hah ? master#*

%oor!ination* %ontrol* regulation* setting asi!e of =1$&> parinamah ? transition*

transformation* of %hange* result* %onseuen%e* mutative effe%t* alteration>=&$1.>3$10 he stea!# flow of this state =niro!hah'parinamah> %ontinues "# the %reation of !eep impressions =sams/aras> from !oing the pra%ti%e$

=tas#a prashanta vahita sams/arat> tas#a ? its =referring to the min! in the state of niro!hah'parinamah* in the

last sutra> prashanta ? un!istur"e!* stea!#* %ontinuous* pea%eful* %alm* tranuil

vahita ? flow

sams/ara ? su"tle impressions* imprints in the un%ons%ious* !eepest ha"itsYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage 3C of 63

043$11 he master# %alle! sama!hi'parinamah is the transition where"# the ten!en%# toall'pointe!ness su"si!es* while the ten!en%# to one'pointe!ness arises$=sarvarathata e/agrata /sa#a u!a#a %hittas#a sama!hi'parinamah>

sarvarathata ? man# pointe!ness* all pointe!ness* e+perien%ing all points

e/agrata ? one'pointe!ness

/sa#a ? !win!ling* !estru%tion* !e%a#

u!a#a ? rising* uprising

%hittas#a ? of the %ons%iousness of the min!'fiel!

sama!hi'parinamah ? transition to sama!hi =sama!hi ? me!itation in its

higher state* !eep a"sorption of me!itation* the state of perfe%te!%on%entration parinamah ? transition* transformation* of %hange* result*

%onseuen%e* mutative effe%t* alteration>3$1& he master# %alle! e/agrata'parinamah is the transition where"# the sameonepointe!nessarises an! su"si!es seuentiall#$

=tatah punah shanta'u!itau tul#a'prat#a#au %hittas#a e/agrata'parinimah> tatah ? then

punah ? again* seuentiall#

shanta'u!itau ? the su"si!ing an! arising* past an! present

tul#a'prat#a#au ? having similar

%hittas#a ? of the %ons%iousness of the min!'fiel!

e/agrata'parinimah ? transition of one'pointe!ness =e/agrata ? onepointe!ness

parinamah ? transition* transformation* of %hange* result*

%onseuen%e* mutative effe%t* alteration>3$13 hese three transition pro%esses also e+plain the three transformations of form*



time* an! %hara%teristi%s* an! how these relate to the material elements an! senses$=etena "huta in!ri#asau !harma la/sana avastha parinamah v#a/h#atah>

etena ? "# this* "# these

"huta ? elements

in!ri#asau ? mental organs of a%tions an! senses =in!ri#as>

!harma ? form* ualit#

la/sana ? time %hara%teristi%s

avastha ? state of ol! or new* %on!ition

parinamah ? transition* transformation* of %hange* result* %onseuen%e*

mutative effe%t* alteration

v#a/h#atah ? are !es%ri"e!Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati

Page 40 of 6304

3$14 here is an unmanifest* in!es%ri"a"le su"stratum or e+isten%e that is %ommon or%ontaine! within all of the other forms or ualities$

=shanta u!ita av#apa!esh#a !harma anupati !harmi> shanta ? latent past

u!ita ? arising

av#apa!esh#a ? in!es%ri"a"le* unpre!i%ta"le* unmanifest

!harma ? form* ualit#* %hara%teristi%s

anupati ? %losel# following* %ommon* %onforming with all* %ontaine! in

!harmi ? the o"je%t %ontaining the %hara%teristi%s* su"stratum* e+isten%e

3$1. hange in the seuen%e of the %hara%teristi%s is the %ause for the !ifferentappearan%es of results* %onseuen%es* or effe%ts$=/rama an#atvam parinamah an#atve hetu>

/rama ? seuen%e* su%%ession* or!er

an#atvam ? !istin%tness* !ifferent phases

parinamah ? transition* transformation* of %hange* result* %onseuen%e*

mutative effe%t* alteration* natural laws or fun%tions of nature an#atve ? for the !istin%tness* !ifferentiation

hetu ? the reason

3$16 B# sam#ama on the three'fol! %hanges in form* time* an! %hara%teristi%s* there%omes /nowle!ge of the past an! future$=parinimah tra#a sam#ama atita anagata jnana>

parinimah ? transition* transformation* of %hange* result* %onseuen%e*


tra#a ? three


together

atita ? past

anagata ? future jnana ? /nowle!ge


;periences from Sam#ama (.1'.')3$1A he name asso%iate! with an o"je%t* the o"je%t itself implie! "# that name* an!the %on%eptual e+isten%e of the o"je%t* all three usuall# interpenetrate or %ommingle

with one another$ B# sam#ama on the !istin%tion "etween these three* the meaning of the soun!s ma!e "# all "eings "e%omes availa"le$=sha"!a artha prat#a#a itaretara a!h#asat sam/ara tat pravi"haga sam#ama sarva"huta ruta jnana>

sha"!a ? name of an o"je%t* wor!* soun!

artha ? o"je%t implie!* meaning

prat#a#a ? i!ea* %on%ept* %on%eptual e+isten%e



itaretara ? one another* of ea%h with the others

a!h#asa ? !ue to the %onvergen%e* %oin%i!en%e* overla#ing* interpenetrating*

superimposition* %ommingle sam/ara ? %onfusion* appearing to "e one* mi+e! together

tat ? these

pravi"haga ? !istin%tions* !ifferentiations* separate


together =3$4>

sarva ? all

"huta ? of living "eing ="eings that are in form* as "huta ? five elements>

ruta ? soun!s pro!u%e!* language* spee%h

jnana ? /nowle!ge* meaning

3$1 hrough the !ire%t per%eption of the latent impressions =sams/aras> %omes the/nowle!ge of previous in%arnations$=sams/ara sa/sat /aranat purva jati jnanam>


sa/sat ? !ire%t* imme!iate %onta%t

/aranat ? per%eption* e+perien%ing purva ? of previous

jati ? "irth* in%arnation

jnana ? /nowle!ge

3$1C B# sam#ama on the notions or presente! i!eas %omes /nowle!ge of another9smin!$=prat#a#as#a para %hitta jnana>

prat#a#as#a ? notions* presente! i!eas* of the %ontent of the min!*

%on%eptions para ? other

%hitta ? of the mental images* %ons%iousness* of the %ons%iousness of the

min!'fiel!

jnana ? /nowle!geYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage 4& of 6304

3$&0 But the un!erl#ing support of that /nowle!ge =of the other persons min!* in3$1C> remains unper%eive! or out of rea%h$=na %ha tat salam"ana tas#a avisa#in "hutatvat>:ote8 his sutra is not in%lu!e! in all ren!itionsK

na ? not

%ha ? "ut

tat ? that

salam"ana ? with support

tas#a ? its avisa#in ? unper%eive!* not within rea%h* not "eing the su"je%t of* a"sent from

"hutatvat ? to "e* "eingness

3$&1 hen sam#ama is !one on the form of one9s own ph#si%al "o!#* the illuminationor visual %hara%teristi% of the "o!# is suspen!e!* an! is thus invisi"le to other people$=/a#a rupa sam#ama tat grah#a sha/ti tat stam"he %ha/suh pra/asha asampra#ogaantar!hanam>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$&0K

/a#a ? "o!#

rupa ? form


together =3$4>

tat ? that grah#a ? %an "e per%eive!* %apa"le of re%eiving



sha/ti ? power* %apa%it#

tat ? that

stam"he ? to "e %he%/e!* suspen!e!

%ha/suh ? of the e#e

pra/asha ? light* illumination* visual %hara%teristi%

asampra#oga ? there "eing no %onta%t* !is%onne%te!* separate! %onta%t antar!hanam ? invisi"ilit#* !isappearan%e

3$&& In the same wa# as !es%ri"e! in relation to sight =3$&1>* one is a"le to suspen!the a"ilit# of the "o!# to "e hear!* tou%he!* taste!* or smelle!=etena sha"!a!i antar!hanam u/tam>

:ote8 his sutra is not in%lu!e! in all ren!itionsK etena ? "# this

sha"!a!i ? soun! an! others

antar!hanam ? !isappearan%e* suspen!* arrest

u/tam ? is e+plaine!Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati

Page 43 of 6304

3$&3 Larma is of two /in!s* either fast or slow to manifest "# sam#ama on these/armas %omes fore/nowle!ge of the time of !eath$=sopa/ramam nirupa/ramam %ha /arma tat sam#ama aparanta jnanam ariste"h#ahva>

:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$&1 or 3$&&K sopa/ramam ? fast to fru%tif#* ui%/ to manifest* imme!iate* a%tive

nirupa/ramam ? slow to fru%tif#* !ormant* less ative

%ha ? or

/arma ? a%tion* fruits of a%tion

tat ? that


together =3$4> aparanta ? !eath

jnana ? /nowle!ge

ariste"h#ah ? "# portents* fore/nowle!ge

va ? or

3$&4 B# sam#ama on frien!liness =an! the other attitu!es of 1$33>* there %omes greatstrength of that attitu!e$=maitri !ishu "alani>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$&& or 3$&3K

maitri ? frien!liness =an! others of 1$33>

!ishu ? et %etera

"alani ? power* strength

3$&. B# sam#ama on the strength of elephants %omes a similar strength$="aleshu hasti "ala!ini>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$&3 or 3$&4K

"aleshu ? strength* power

hasti ? elephants

"ala!ini ? power

3$&6 B# !ire%ting the flash of inner light of higher sensor# a%tivit#* /nowle!ge of su"tle o"je%ts* those hi!!en from view* an! those ver# !istant %an "e attaine!$=pravritt#ah alo/a n#asat su/sma v#avahita vipra/rista jnanam>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$&4 or 3$&.K

pravritt#ah ? higher sensor# a%tivit#* the inner light

alo/a ? light* flashes* illumines* "e%omes visi"le* !awns =3$.>

n#asat ? "# !ire%ting* fo%using* proje%ting =through sam#ama> su/sma ? su"tle



v#avahita ? hi!!en* %on%eale!* veile!

vipra/rista ? !istant* remote

jnana ? /nowle!geYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati

Page 44 of 6304

3$&A B# sam#ama on the inner sun* /nowle!ge of the man# su"tle realms %an "e/nown$

="huvana jnanam sur#a sam#amat>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$&. or 3$&6K

"huvana ? realms* universe* regions* su"tle worl!s

jnana ? /nowle!ge

sur#a ? inner sun


together =3$4>3$& B# sam#ama on the moon* /nowle!ge of the arrangement of the inner stars %an

"e /nown$=%han!ra tara v#uha jnanam>

:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$&6 or 3$&AK %han!ra ? on the moon* lunar

tara ? of the stars

v#uha ? of the s#stem* arrangement

jnana ? /nowle!ge

3$&C B# sam#ama on the pole'star* /nowle!ge of the movement of those stars %an "e

/nown$!hurve ta! gati jnanam>

:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$&A or 3$&K

!hurve ? on the pole'star

ta! ? their

gati ? movement

jnana ? /nowle!ge

3$30 B# sam#ama on the navel %enter* /nowle!ge of the arrangement of the s#stems

of the "o!# %an "e /nown$=na"hi %ha/ra /a#a v#uha jnanam>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$& or 3$&CK

na"hi ? of the navel

%ha/ra ? energ# %enter* wheel* ple+us

/a#a ? of the "o!#

v#uha ? of the s#stem* arrangement

jnana ? /nowle!geYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage 4. of 6304

3$31 B# sam#ama on the pit of the throat* hunger an! thirst leave$

=/antha /upe /sut pipasa nivrittih>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$&C or 3$30K

/antha ? of the throat

/upe ? in the pit of

/sut ? hunger

pipasa ? thirst

nivrittih ? leave* retreat* %ease

3$3& B# sam#ama on the tortoise %hannel* "elow the throat* stea!iness is attaine!$

=/urma na!#am sthair#am>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$30 or 3$31K

/urma ? tortoise

na!#am ? pit* tu"e !u%t* %hannel



sthair#am ? stea!iness

3$33 B# sam#ama on the %oronal light of the hea!* visions of the si!!has* the masters

%an %ome$=mur!ha j#otisi si!!ha !arshanam>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$31 or 3$3&K

mur!ha ? %rown of the hea!

j#otisi ? the "right effulgen%e* lu%i!it#* luminosit#* inner light* supreme or

!ivine light si!!ha ? perfe%te! ones* masters

!arshanam ? vision

3$34 5r* through the intuitive light of higher /nowle!ge* an#thing might "e%ome/nown$=prati"ha! va sarvam>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$3& or 3$33K

prati"ha ? intuitive light or flash* light of higher /nowle!ge* illumination

va ? or

sarvam ? all

3$3. B# pra%ti%ing sam#ama on the heart* /nowle!ge of the min! is attaine!$=hir!a#e %hitta samvit>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$33 or 3$34K

hir!a#e ? heart


samvit ? /nowle!geYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage 46 of 6304

3$36 he having of e+perien%es %omes from a presente! i!ea onl# when there is a%ommingling of the su"tlest aspe%t of min! =sattva> an! pure %ons%iousness=purusha>* whi%h are reall# uite !ifferent$ Sam#ama on the pure %ons%iousness*whi%h is !istin%t from the su"tlest aspe%t of min!* reveals /nowle!ge of that pure

%ons%iousness$=sattva purusa#oh at#anta asan/irna#oh prat#a#a avishesah "hogah pararthatvat

svartha sam#amat purusha'jnanam>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$34 or 3$3.K

sattva ? purit# aspe%t of min! fiel! or %hitta* su"tlest in!ivi!uation

purusa#oh ? purusha* pure %ons%iousness

at#anta ? uite* e+tremel#* totall#* %ompletel#

asan/irna#oh ? !istin%t* unmi+e!* not %ommingle!

prat#a#a ? presente! i!ea* %on%ept* %on%eptual e+isten%e

avishesah ? with no !istin%tion* a"sen%e

"hogah ? e+perien%e

pararthatvat ? for the interest* e+isten%e* purpose of another

svartha ? for its own* self'interest

sam#amat ? !harana =%on%entration>* !h#ana =me!itation>* an! sama!hi

ta/en together =3$4>

purusha ? a %ons%iousness* Self

jnana ? /nowle!ge

3$3A -rom the light of the higher /nowle!ge of that pure %ons%iousness or purusha

=3$36> arises higher* trans%en!ental* or !ivine hearing* tou%h* vision* taste* an! smell$=tatah prati"ha sravana ve!ana a!arsha asva!a varta ja#anta>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$3. or 3$36K

tatah ? then%e

prati"ha ? intuitive light or flash* light of higher /nowle!ge* illumination

sravana ? higher* trans%en!ental* or !ivine hearing ve!ana ? higher* trans%en!ental* or !ivine tou%h



a!arsha ? higher* trans%en!ental* or !ivine vision

asva!a ? higher* trans%en!ental* or !ivine taste

varta ? higher* trans%en!ental* or !ivine smell

ja#anta ? pro%ee!* arises* o%%ur* pro!u%e!

What to do 3ith subtle e;periences (.)

3$3 hese e+perien%es resulting from sam#ama are o"sta%les to sama!hi* "ut appearto "e attainments or powers to the outgoing or worl!l# min!$=te sama!hau upasargah v#utthane si!!ha#ah>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$36 or 3$3AK

te ? these =attainments>

sama!hi ? me!itation in its higher state* !eep a"sorption of me!itation* the

state of perfe%te! %on%entration

upasrga ? o"sta%les* hin!ran%es* impe!iments

v#utthana ? to the outgoing min!* worl!l# min!

si!!hi ? attainments* powers* perfe%tions* su"tle e+perien%es* ps#%hi% a"ilitiesYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage 4A of 6304

,ore attainments from Sam#ama (.*.!*)3$3C B# loosening or letting go of the %auses of "on!age an! atta%hment* an! "#

following the /nowle!ge of how to go forth into the passages of the min!* there %omesthe a"ilit# to enter into another "o!#$

="an!ha /arana shaithil#at pra%hara samve!anat %ha %hittas#a para sharira aveshah>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$3A or 3$3K

"an!ha ? "on!age* atta%hment

/arana ? %ause

shaithil#at ? rela+ation* letting go* loosening

pra%hara ? passages* means of going forth* moving through

samve!anat ? "# /nowle!ge of

%ha ? an! %hittas#a ? of the %ons%iousness of the min!'fiel!

para ? another* other

sharira ? "o!#

aveshah ? entering into

3$40 B# the master# over u!ana* the upwar! flowing prana va#u* there is a %essationof %onta%t with mu!* water* thorns* an! other su%h o"je%ts* an! there ensues the

rising or levitation of the "o!#$=u!ana ja#at jala pan/a /anta/a a!isu asangah ut/rantih %ha>

:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$3 or 3$3CK u!ana ? one of the five prana va#us =upwar! flow of prana in the "o!#>

ja#a ? "# master#

jala ? water pan/a ? mu!* as in a swamp

/anta/a ? thorn

a!isu ? an! with others* et %etera

asangah ? no %onta%t* no a!hesion* %essation of %onta%t

ut/rantih ? rising* as%ension* levitation

%ha ? an!

3$41 B# master# over samana* the prana flowing in the navel area* there %omeseffulgen%e* ra!ian%e* or fire$=samana ja#at jvalanam>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$3C or 3$40K

samana ? one of the five prana va#us =prana in navel area>

ja#a ? "# master#

jvalana ? effulgen%e* ra!ian%e* fire




3$4& B# sam#ama over the relation "etween spa%e an! the power of hearing* the

higher* !ivine power of hearing %omes$=shrotra a/asha#oh sam"an!ha sam#amat !iv#am shrotram>

:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$40 or 3$41K shrotra ? ear* the power of hearing

a/asha ? spa%e* ether

sam"an!ha ? over the relation


together =3$4>

!iv#am ? higher* !ivine

shrotram ? ear

3$43 B# Sam#ama on the relationship "etween the "o!# an! spa%e =a/asha> an! "#%on%entrating on the lightness of %otton* passage through spa%e %an "e attaine!$

=/a#a a/asha#oh sam"an!ha sam#amat laghu tula samatatti %ha>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$41 or 3$4&K

/a#a ? "o!# a/asha ? spa%e* ether

sam"an!ha ? relationship

sam#amat ? !harana =%on%entration>* !h#ana =me!itation>* an! sama!hi

ta/en together =3$4> laghu ? light

tula ? %otton fi"er

samatatti ? attainment* "e%ome one with

%ha ? an!

3$44 hen the formless thought patterns of min! are proje%te! outsi!e of the "o!#* it

is %alle! maha'vi!eha* a great !isin%arnate one$ B# sam#ama on that outwar!proje%tion* the veil over the spiritual light is remove!$

="ahih a/alpita vrittih maha'vi!eha tatah pra/asha avarana /sa#ah>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$4& or 3$43K

"ahih ? e+ternal* outsi!e* passing outwar!* proje%te! outsi!e

a/alpita ? formless* outsi!e* unimagina"le* uni!entifie!*



maha'vi!eha ? great one e+isting without a "o!#* !isin%arnate

tatah ? "# that

pra/asha ? spiritual light

avarana ? %overing* veil

/sa#ah ? remove!* !estro#e!

Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage 4C of 6304

3$4. B# sam#ama on the five forms of the elements ="hutas>* whi%h are gross form*essen%e* su"tleness* inter%onne%te!ness* an! its purpose* then master# over those

"hutas is attaine!$=sthula svarupa su/sma anva#a arthavattva sam#ama! "huta'ja#ah>

:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$43 or 3$44K sthula ? gross

svarupa ? in its own nature* own form or essen%e = sva ? own rupa ? form>

su/sma ? su"tle* astral

anva#a ? %onne%te!ness* %onjun%tion* %onne%tion* interpenetration

arthavattva ? purposefulness


together =3$4>



"huta ? the elements =earth* water* fire* air* spa%e>

ja#ah ? master#

3$46 hrough that master# over the elements* %omes the a"ilities of ma/ing the "o!#atomi%all# small* perfe%t* an! in!estru%ti"le in its %hara%teristi%s or %omponents* as

well as "ringing other su%h powers$=tatah anima a!i pra!ur"havah /a#a sampa! ta! !harma ana"highata %ha>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$44 or 3$4.K

tatah ? "# that

anima ? ma/ing miniature* atomi% si)e

a!i ? an! others =other su%h powers>

pra!ur"havah ? manifestion of

/a#a ? "o!#

sampa! ? perfe%tion

ta! ? their

!harma ? %hara%teristi%s* %omponents

ana"highata ? non'resistan%e* without o"stru%tion* in!estru%ti"le

%ha ? an!

3$4A his perfe%tion of the "o!# in%lu!es "eaut#* gra%efulness* strength* an!a!amantine har!ness in ta/ing the "lows that %ome$=rupa lavan#a "ala vajra samhanana /a#a'sampat>

:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$4. or 3$46K rupa ? form* "eaut#* appearan%e

lavan#a ? gra%efulness* %harm* a"ilit# to attra%t

"ala ? strength* energ#

vajra ? a!amantine* har!ness

samhanana ? a"ilit# to "ear stro/es or har!ness

/a#a'sampat ? perfe%tion of the "o!#Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage .0 of 63

043$4 B# sam#ama on the pro%ess of per%eption an! a%tion* essen%e* I'ness*%onne%te!ness* an! purposefulness of senses an! a%ts* master# over those sensesan! a%ts =in!ri#as> is attaine!$=grahana svarupa asmita anva#a arthavattva sam#ama! in!ri#a ja#ah>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$46 or 3$4AK

grahana ? pro%ess of per%eption an! a%tion

svarupa ? in its own nature* own form or essen%e = sva ? own rupa ? form>

asmita ? I'ness* in!ivi!ualit#

anva#a ? %onne%te!ness* %onjun%tion* %onne%tion* interpenetration

arthavattva ? purposefulness

sam#ama! ? !harana =%on%entration>* !h#ana =me!itation>* an! sama!hi

ta/en together =3$4> in!ri#a ? mental organs of a%tions an! senses =in!ri#as>

ja#ah ? master#

3$4C B# that master# over the senses an! a%ts =in!ri#as>* there %omes ui%/ness of min!* per%eption with the ph#si%al instruments of per%eption* an! master# over theprimal %ause out of whi%h manifestation arises$=tatah mano'javitvam virarana'"havah pra!haua ja#ah>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$4A or 3$4K

tatah ? "# that

manas ? min!

javitva ? ui%/ness* spee!

virarana'"havah ? per%eption with instrument of per%eption* i$e$* with the "o!#

or ph#si%al senses pra!haua ? the primal %ause out of whi%h there is manifestation



ja#ah ? master#Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage .1 of 6304

<enunciation that brings 5aial#a or liberation (.$/.$%)3$.0 o one well esta"lishe! in the /nowle!ge of the !istin%tion "etween the purest

aspe%t of min! an! %ons%iousness itself* there %omes suprema%# over all forms orstates of e+isten%e* as well as over all forms of /nowing$=sattva purusha an#ata /h#ati matras#a sarva'"hava a!histhatrittvam sarvajnatritvam

%ha>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$4 or 3$4CK

sattva ? purit# aspe%t of min! fiel! or %hitta* su"tlest in!ivi!uation* purest

aspe%t of "u!!hi

purusha ? pure %ons%iousness

an#ata ? !istin%tion "etween* !ifferen%e

/h#ati ? through /nowle!ge* vision* !is%ernment* %orre%t %ognition* %larit#*

awareness

matras#a ? onl#* merel#

sarva'"hava ? over all states or forms of e+isten%e* omnipoten%e =sarva ? all"hava ? states or forms of e+isten%e>

a!histhatrittvam ? suprema%#

sarva'jnatritvam ? all /nowingness* omnis%ien%e =sarva ? all jnatritvam ?

/nowingness>

%ha ? an!

3$.1 ith non'atta%hment or !esirelessness even for that suprema%# over forms an!

states of e+isten%e an! the omnis%ien%e =3$.0>* the see!s at the root of those"on!ages are !estro#e!* an! a"solute li"eration is attaine!$

=ta! vairag#a api !osa "ija /sa#a /aival#am>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$4C or 3$.0K

ta! ? that

vairag#a ? !esirelessness* non'atta%hment* !ispassion

api ? also* even

!osa ? impairment* "on!age* !efe%t* imperfe%tion

"ija ? see!

/sa#a ? with the elimination* !estru%tion

/aival#am ? a"solute li"eration* in!epen!en%e* free!omYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati

Page .& of 6304

3$.& hen invite! "# the %elestial "eings* no %ause shoul! "e allowe! to arise in themin! that woul! allow either a%%eptan%e of the offer* or the smile of pri!e fromre%eiving the invitation* "e%ause to allow su%h thoughts to arise again might %reate

the possi"ilit# of repeating un!esira"le thoughts an! a%tions$=sthani upanimantrane sanga sma#a a/aranam punuh anista prasangat>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$.0 or 3$.1K

sthani ? %elestial "eings* those of high spiritual position* presi!ing !eities*

!evas

upanimantrane ? invitation* on "eing invite! "#

sanga ? asso%iation* %oming together with* a%%eptan%e* atta%hment

sma#a ? pri!e* smile of happiness

a/aranam ? no %ause* no reason for a%tion* not entertain

punuh ? again* repeat* renew* revive

anista ? un!esira"le

prasangat ? possi"ilit# of "eing %aught or having %onne%tion

=igher discrimination through Sam#ama (.$.$&)3$.3 B# sam#ama over the moments an! their su%%ession* there %omes the higher



/nowle!ge that is "orn from !is%rimination$=/sana tat /rama#oh sam#amat vive/a'jam jnanam>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$.1 or 3$.&K

/sana ? moment* instant* infinitesimal time =3$C>

tat ? its

/rama ? seuen%e* su%%ession


together =3$4>

vive/a ? !is%rimination* !is%ernment

ja ? "orn of

jnana ? /nowle!ge* gnosis

3$.4 -rom that !is%riminative /nowle!ge =3$.3> %omes awareness of the !ifferen%e or

!istin%tion "etween two similar o"je%ts* whi%h are not normall# !istinguisha"le "#%ategor#* %hara%teristi%s* or position in spa%e$

=jati la/sana !esha an#ata anava%h%hhe!at tul#a#oh tatah pratipattih>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$.& or 3$.3K

jati ? genus* spe%ies* %ategor#* t#pe

la/sana ? time %hara%teristi%s* appearan%e* !istin%tive mar/ !esha ? pla%e* position in spa%e

an#ata ? !istin%tion* separateness* !ifferen%e

anava%h%hhe!at ? un!efine!* not separate!* in!istinguisha"le

tul#a#oh ? of two similar o"je%ts* the same %ategor# or %lass* eual

tatah ? there"#* from that

pratipattih ? /nowle!ge !istin%tion* !istinguisha"le /nowle!geYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage .3 of 6304

3$.. hat higher /nowle!ge is intuitive an! trans%en!ent* an! is "orn of !is%rimination it in%lu!es all o"je%ts within its fiel!* all %on!itions relate! to thoseo"je%ts* an! is "e#on! an# su%%ession$

=tara/am sarva visa#am sarvatha visa#am a/ramam %ha iti vive/a jam jnanam>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$.3 or 3$.4K

tara/am ? trans%en!ent* intuitional*

sarva ? all

visa#am ? o"je%ts* %on!itions* pursuits

sarvatha ? in all wa#s* "# all means

visa#am ? o"je%ts* %on!itions* pursuits

a/ramam ? "e#on! su%%ession* non'seuential

%ha ? an!

iti ? this


ja ? "orn jnana ? /nowle!ge* gnosis

3$.6 ith the attainment of eualit# "etween the purest aspe%t of sattvi% "u!!hi an!the pure %ons%iousness of purusha* there %omes a"solute li"eration* an! that is theen!$=sattva purusa#oh su!!hi sam#e /aival#am iti>:ote8 In some ren!itions this is sutra 3$.4 or 3$..K

sattva ? purit# aspe%t of min! fiel! or %hitta* su"tlest in!ivi!uation* purest

aspe%t of "u!!hi

purusa#oh ? pure %ons%iousness

su!!hi ? purit#

sam#e ? eualit#

/aival#am ? a"solute li"eration* in!epen!en%e* free!om iti ? this* en!* finish



Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage .4 of 6304

Chapter !: >iberation (aial#a Pada),eans of attaining e;perience (!.1!.)4$1 he su"tler attainments %ome with "irth or are attaine! through her"s* mantra*

austerities or %on%entration$=janma osa!hi mantra tapah sama!hi jah si!!h#a#ah>

janma ? "irth

ausa!hi ? her"s

mantra ? soun! vi"rations* in%antations* !ivine wor!

tapah ? training the senses* austerities

sama!hi ? !eep %on%entration or entas#

jah ? "orn

si!!h#a#ah ? attainments* powers* perfe%tions* su"tle e+perien%es* ps#%hi%

a"ilities

4$& he transition or transformation into another form or t#pe of "irth ta/es pla%e

through the filling in of their innate nature$=jat#antara parinamah pra/riti apurat>

jat#antara ? to another t#pe of "irth

parinamah ? transition or transformation

pra/riti ? %reative %ause* su"tlest material %ause

apurat ? "# the inflow or filling in pro%ess

4$3 In%i!ental %auses or a%tions !o not lea! to the emergen%e of attainments or

reali)ation* "ut rather* %ome "# the removal of o"sta%les* mu%h li/e the wa# a farmerremoves a "arrier =slui%e gate>* so as to naturall# allow the irrigation of his fiel!$

=nimittam apra#oja/am pra/ritinam varana "he!as tu tatah /setri/avat nimittam ? in%i!ental %ause or instrument

apra#oja/am ? whi%h !o not "ring to a%tion

pra/ritinam ? %reative %ause* su"tlest material %ause varana ? o"sta%les

"he!as ? "rea/ing through* removing

tu ? "ut

tatah ? that

/setri/avat ? li/e a farmerYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage .. of 6304

mergence and master# of mind (!.!!.&)4$4 he emergent min! fiel!s springs forth from the in!ivi!ualit# of I'ness =asmita>$=nirmana %hittani asmita matrat>

nirmana ? pro!u%e!* %reate!* %onstru%te!* forming* arising* emerging %hitta ? min!s* fiel!s of %ons%iousness

asmita ? I'ness

matra ? alone* in!ivi!ualit#

4$. hile the a%tivities of the emergent min! fiel!s ma# "e !iverse* the one min! isthe !ire%tor of the man#$

=pravritti "he!e pra#oja/am %hittam e/am ane/esam> pravritti ? a%tivit#*

"he!e ? !ifferen%e* !istin%tion* !iverse

pra#oja/am ? %ausing* !ire%ting

%hitta ? min! fiel!

e/a ? one

ane/esa ? other* man#* numerous

4$6 5f these min! fiel!s* the one that is "orn from me!itation is free from an# latent



impressions that %oul! pro!u%e /arma$=tatra !h#ana jam anasa#am>

tatra ? of these

!h#ana ? me!itation

jam ? "orn

anasa#am ? without store! impressions* free from /armi% vehi%les* without

!eposit of past influen%es* without laten%#

+ctions and 5arma (!.'!.)4$A he a%tions of #ogis are neither white nor "la%/* while the# are threefol! forothers$=/arma ashu/la a/risnam #oginah trivi!ham itaresam>

/arma ? a%tions stemming from the !eep impressions of sams/aras

ashu/la ? not white

a/risnam ? nor "la%/

#oginah ? of a #ogi

trivi!ham ? threefol!

itaresam ? of the others

Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage .6 of 6304

4$ hose threefol! a%tions result in latent impressions =vasanas> that will later ariseto fruition onl# %orrespon!ing to those impressions$=tatah ta! vipa/a anugunanam eva a"hiv#a/tih vasananam>

tatah ? from that* then%e

ta! ? that* their

vipa/a ? fruition

anugunanam ? following* %orrespon!ing to* a%%or!ingl#

eva ? onl#

a"hiv#a/tih ? manifest

vasananam ? latent poten%ies* potentials* su"liminal imprints

Subconscious impressions (!.*!.1%)4$C Sin%e memor# =smriti> an! the !eep ha"it patterns =sams/aras> are the same inappearan%e* there is an un"ro/en %ontinuit# in the pla#ing out of those traits* eventhough there might "e a gap in lo%ation* time* or state of life$

=jati !esha /ala v#avahitanam api anantar#am smriti sams/ara#oh e/a rupatvat> jati ? t#pe of e+isten%e* state of life* %ategor# of in%arnation

!esha ? of lo%alit#* spa%e* pla%e

/ala ? of time* moment* point

v#avahitanam ? "eing !istin%t* separate!* in "etween* gap

api ? even* although

anantar#am ? uninterrupte! seuen%e

smriti ? of memor# sams/ara#oh ? !eep impressions* imprints in the un%ons%ious* !eepest ha"its*

su"liminal a%tivators* tra%es e/a'rupatvat ? "e%ause of their sameness* similarit# =e/a ? one rupatvat ?

formless>4$10 here is no "eginning to the pro%ess of these !eep ha"it patterns =sams/aras>*!ue to the eternal nature of the will to live$=tasam ana!itvam %ha ashisah nit#atvat>

tasam ? for these

ana!itvam ? no "eginning

%ha ? an!

ashisah ? will to live* !esire for life

nit#atvat ? eternal* permanent* perpetualYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati



Page .A of 6304

4$11 Sin%e the impressions =4$10> are hel! together "# %ause* motive* su"stratum*an! o"je%t* the# !isappear when those !eep impressions !isappear$

=hetu phala ashra#a alam"ana samgrihitatvat esam a"have ta! a"havah>

hetu ? %ause

phala ? motive ashra#a ? su"stratum

alam"ana ? o"je%t resting upon

samgrihitatvat ? hel! together

esam ? of these

a"have ? on the !isappearan%e of

ta! ? them

a"havah ? !isappearan%e

4$1& Past an! future e+ist in the present realit#* appearing to "e !ifferent "e%ause of having !ifferent %hara%teristi%s or forms$=atita anagatam svarupatah asti a!hva "he!at !harmanam>

atita ? past

anagatam ? future

svarupatah ? in realit#* in its own form

asti ? e+ist

a!hva ? of the paths* %on!itions

"he!at ? "eing a !ifferen%e

!harmanam ? %hara%teristi%s* forms

-b@ects and the gunas (!.1!.1!)4$13 hether these ever'present %hara%teristi%s or forms are manifest or su"tle* the#are %ompose! of the primar# elements %alle! the three gunas$

=te v#a/ta su/smah guna atmanah> te ? the#* these

v#a/ta ? manifest su/smah ? su"tle

guna ? elements* prime ualities* %onstituents* attri"utes =three gunas of

sattvas* rajas* tamas>

atmanah ? the nature of* %ompose! of

4$14 he %hara%teristi%s of an o"je%t appear as a single unit* as the# manifeste!

uniforml# from the un!erl#ing elements$=parinama e/atvat vastu tattvam>

parinama ? of %hange* transformation* result* %onseuen%e* mutative effe%t*

alteration

e/atvat ? !ue to oneness* uniformit#* sameness* %oor!inate!


tattvam ? essen%e* realit#* that'nessYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati

Page . of 6304

,ind perceiing ob@ects (!.1$!.1')4$1. @lthough the same o"je%ts ma# "e per%eive! "# !ifferent min!s* the# areper%eive! in !ifferent wa#s* "e%ause those min!s manifeste! !ifferentl#$=vastu sam#e %hitta "he!at ta#oh vi"ha/tah panthah>


sam#e ? sameness

%hitta ? min!s* of the %ons%iousness of the min!'fiel!

"he!at ? !iversit#* !ifferen%e

ta#oh ? their* of the two vi"ha/tah ? separation* !ivision



panthah ? paths* levels of "eing* wa#s of per%eiving

4$16 ;owever* the o"je%t itself !oes not !epen! on an# one min!* for if it !i!* then

what woul! happen to the o"je%t if it were not "eing e+perien%e! "# that min!M=na %ha e/a %hitta tantram %he! vastu tat pramana/am ta!a /im s#at>

na ? not

%ha ? an!

e/a ? one* single

%hitta ? min!* of the %ons%iousness of the min!'fiel!

tantram ? !epen!ent

%he! ? if


tat ? that

apramana/am ? not %ogni)e!

ta!a ? then

/im ? what

s#at ? e+ists* "e%omes

4$1A 5"je%ts are either /nown or not /nown a%%or!ing to the wa# in whi%h the

%oloring of that o"je%t falls on the %oloring of the min! o"serving it$=ta! uparaga ape/sitvat %hittas#a vastu jnata ajnatam>

ta! ? that* these* there"#

uparaga ? %oloring* %on!itioning* refle%tion

ape/sitvat ? !ue to nee!

%hittas#a ? of the min!* of the %ons%iousness of the min!'fiel!


jnata ? /nown

ajnatam ? un/nownYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage .C of 6304

llumination of the mind (!.1!.%1)4$1 he a%tivities of the min! are alwa#s /nown "# the pure %ons%iousness* "e%ausethat pure %ons%iousness is superior to* support of* an! master over the min!$=sa!a jnatah %hitta vritta#ah tat pra"hu purusas#a aparinamitvat>

sa!a ? alwa#s

jnatah ? are /nown

%hitta ? of the min!* of the %ons%iousness of the min!'fiel!

vritta#ah ? operations* a%tivities* flu%tuations* mo!ifi%ations* %hanges* or

various forms of the min!'fiel!

tat ? their* that

pra"hu ? master* superior* support of

purusas#a ? pure %ons%iousness

aparinamitvat ? %hangelessness* immuta"le

4$1C hat min! is not self'illuminating* as it is the o"je%t of /nowle!ge an! per%eption"# the pure %ons%iousness$=na tat sva"hasam !rish#atvat>

na ? is not

tat ? it

sva"hasam ? self illuminating =sva ? own a"hasa ? illumination>

!rish#atvat ? /nowa"ilit#

4$&0 :or %an "oth the min! an! the illuminating pro%ess "e %ogni)e! simultaneousl#$=e/a'sama#e %ha u"ha#e anava!haranam>

e/a'sama#e ? at the same time* simultaneousl# =e/a ? one sama#e ? time*

%on!ition>

%ha ? an!* nor

u"ha#e ? "oth



anava!haranam ? %annot "e %ogni)e!

4$&1 If one min! were illumine! "# another* as its master* then there woul! "e an

en!less an! a"sur! progression of %ognitions* as well as %onfusion$=%hitta antara !rish#e "u!!hi'"u!!heh atiprasangah smriti san/arah %ha>

%hitta ? of the min!* of the %ons%iousness of the min!'fiel!

antara ? another

!rish#e ? seen* per%eive!

"u!!hi'"u!!heh ? /nower of /nowle!ge* per%eiver of per%eption

atiprasangah ? en!less* a"un!an%e* a! infinitum

smriti ? memor#* remem"ering

san/arah ? %onfusion

%ha ? an!Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage 60 of 6304

4uddhi7 discrimination7 and liberation (!.%%!.%&)4$&& hen the un%hanging %ons%iousness appears to ta/e on the shape of that finestaspe%t of min!'fiel! =4$1>* then the e+perien%e of one9s own %ognition pro%ess ispossi"le$=%hitteh apratisam/rama#ah ta! a/ara apattau sva "u!!hi samve!anam>

%hitteh ? of the min!* of the %ons%iousness of the min!'fiel!

apratisam/rama#ah ? un%hanging* not moving

ta! ? that

a/ara ? form

apattau ? assume!* transforme! into* refle%tion

sva ? own

"u!!hi ? /nowing* /nower

samve!anam ? /nows* i!entifies* e+perien%e

4$&3 herefore* the min! fiel!* whi%h is %olore! "# "oth seer an! seen* has the

potential to per%eive an# an! all o"je%ts$=!rastri !ris#a upara/tam %hittam sarva artham>

!rastri ? seer

!ris#a ? seen

upara/tam ? %olore!

%hittam ? of the min!* of the %ons%iousness of the min!'fiel!

sarva ? an#* all

artham ? o"je%ts

4$&4 hat min! fiel!* though fille! with %ountless impressions* e+ists for the "enefit of another witnessing %ons%iousness* as the min! fiel! is operating onl# in %om"ination

with those impressions$=ta! asan/he#a vasana"hih %hittam api parartham samhat#a /aritvat>

ta! ? that asan/he#a ? %ountless

vasana"hih ? latent poten%ies* potentials* su"liminal imprints* impressions


api ? though* also

parartham ? for another

samhat#a ? in %om"ination with

/aritvat ? a%tionYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage 61 of 6304

4$&. -or one who has e+perien%e! this !istin%tion "etween seer an! this su"tlest

min!* the false i!entities an! even the %uriosit# a"out the nature of one9s own self %ome to an en!$



=vishesa !arshinah atma "hava "havana vinivrittih> vishesa ? !istin%tion

!arshinah ? of one who sees

atma ? Self

"hava ? in the nature of* in relation to

"havana ? proje%tion* feeling* refle%tion

vinivrittih ? %omplete %essation

4$&6 hen the min! is in%line! towar!s the highest !is%rimination* an! gravitates

towar!s a"solute li"eration "etween seer an! seen$=ta!a vive/a nimnam /aival#a prag"haram %hittam>

ta!a ? then


nimnam ? in%line towar!s

/aival#a ? li"eration* in!epen!en%e from

prag"haram ? gravitate towar!s


4reaches in enlightenment (!.%'!.%)

4$&A hen there are "rea/s or "rea%hes in that high !is%rimination* other impressionsarise from the !eep un%ons%ious$=ta%h%hhi!resu prat#a#a antarani sams/are"h#ah>

ta%h%hhi!resu ? in the intervals* "rea/s* gaps* "etween


of min!* presente! i!ea* %ognition antarani ? other

sams/are"h#ah ? !eep impressions* imprints in the un%ons%ious* !eepest

ha"its* su"liminal a%tivators* tra%es4$& he removal of those interfering thought patterns is "# the same means "# whi%hthe original %olorings were remove!$=hanam esam /leshavat u/tam>

hanam ? removal esam ? their

/leshavat ? li/e the previous %olorings

u/tam ? as has "een !es%ri"e!Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage 6& of 6304

Perpetual enlightenment (!.%*!./)4$&C hen there is no longer an# interest even in omnis%ien%e* that !is%rimination

allows the sama!hi* whi%h "rings an a"un!an%e of virtues li/e a rain %lou! "rings rain$=prasan/h#ane api a/usi!as#a sarvatha vive/a /h#ateh !harma'meghah sama!hih>

prasan/h#ane ? highest /nowle!ge* omnis%ien%e

api ? even a/usi!as#a ? having no interest remaining

sarvatha ? %onstant* in ever# wa#* alwa#s

vive/a'/h#ateh ? !is%riminative /nowle!ge =vive/a ? !is%riminative*

!is%ernment /h#ateh ? /nowle!ge* %orre%t %ognition* %larit#* awareness>

!harma'meghah? rain %lou! of virtues =!harma ? form* ualit#* virtues

meghah ? %lou!>

sama!hih ? !eep a"sorption of me!itation* entas#

4$30 @fter that !harma'meghah sama!hi* the %olorings of the /leshas an! the /armasare remove!$=tatah /lesha /arma nivrittih>

tatah ? thereafter

/lesha ? %olore!* painful* affli%te!* impure

/arma ? a%tions stemming from the !eep impressions of sams/aras



nivrittih ? %ease* !is%ontinue* remove

no3ables become fe3 (!.1)4$31 hen* "# the removal of those veils of imperfe%tion* there %omes the e+perien%eof the infinite* an! the reali)ation that there is almost nothing to "e /nown$=ta!a sarva avarana mala apetas#a jnanas#a anant#at jne#am alpam>

ta!a ? then

sarva ? all

avarana ? veils* %overings

mala ? imperfe%tions

apetas#a ? remove!

jnanas#a ? /nowle!ge

anant#at ? infinite

jne#am ? to "e /nown

alpam ? little* almost nothingYoga Sutras of Patanjali – Swami Jnaneshvara BharatiPage 63 of 6304

Aunas and liberation or aial#a (!.%!.!)4$3& @lso resulting from that !harma'meghah sama!hi =4$&C>* the three primar#elements or gunas =4$13'4$14> will have fulfille! their purpose* %ease to transform into

further transformations* an! re%e!e "a%/ into their essen%e$=tatah /ritarthanam parinama /rama samaptih gunanam>

tatah ? then* "# that

/rita ? fulfille!

arthanam ? purpose

parinama ? transition* transformation* of %hange* result* %onseuen%e*

mutative effe%t* alteration =&$1.* 3$C'3$16>

/rama ? seuen%e* su%%ession* or!er =3$1.>

samaptih ? terminate* en!

gunanam ? elements* prime ualities* %onstituents* attri"utes =three gunas of

sattvas* rajas* tamas>4$33 he seuen%ing pro%ess of moments an! impressions %orrespon!s to themoments of time* an! is apprehen!e! at the en! point of the seuen%e$=/sana prati#ogi parinama aparanta nigrah#ah /ramah>

/sana ? moments

prati#ogi ? uninterrupte! su%%ession

parinama ? transition* transformation* of %hange* result* %onseuen%e*


aparanta ? en! point* at the en!

nigrah#ah ? re%ogni)a"le* apprehensi"le* %omprehensi"le

/ramah ? su%%ession* pro%ess* %ourse* or!er* series

4$34 hen those primar# elements involve* or resolve themselves "a%/ into that outof whi%h the# emerge!* there %omes li"eration* wherein the power of pure%ons%iousness "e%omes esta"lishe! in its true nature$

=purusha artha sun#anam gunanam pratiprasavah /aival#am svarupa pratistha va%hiti sha/tih iti>

purusha ? pure %ons%iousness* Self

artha ? purpose* meaning

sun#anam ? !evoi!

gunanam ? elements* prime ualities* %onstituents* attri"utes =three gunas of

sattvas* rajas* tamas>

pratiprasavah ? involution* resolve* re%e!e

/aival#am ? a"solute free!om* li"eration* enlightenment =&$&.>

svarupa ? own form

pratistha ? esta"lishe!



va ? or

%hiti ? %ons%iousness

sha/tih ? power

iti ? the en!* finis =to !enote the en! of the tea%hings>

yoga sutras of patanjali

Documents