Using Technology

You dont turn it on. You open it and turn the pages.

Globalization
Movement of capital, products, technology, information continue at record paceGlobal economyRegional free tradeMultinational corporationsEconomic competition increaseMust be able to function in a global economy for job success in the 21st century

Percent of Firms Downsizing by Business Category
Source: Chicago Tribune, August 21, 1995

From 1980 to 1994, the U.S. contingent workforcetemps, self-employed, consultantsincreased 57%

Constant training, retraining, job-hopping, and even career-hopping will become the norm.

Today, 65% of all workers use some type of information technology in their jobs. By 2000, this will increase to 95%.

The Enrollment Pipeline

An Aging Clientele for Higher Education

Cyber-Universities1993: 93 1997: 762

Examples
Magellan UniversityCollege ConnectionEducation Network of MaineColorado Electronic Community CollegeCoastline Community CollegeCalifornia Virtual UniversityWestern Governors University

Diplomas decline as degrees of separation in the workforce
USA Today Cover StoryJanuary 3, 1997

And colleges face a growing shortage of funds.
Sources: The News & Observer (June 18, 1997, Raleigh, NC) and RAND for the Council for Aid to Education
Per-student costs keep going up ...
Crisis in College Costs

Crisis in College Costs
Per-student costs keep going up ...
Sources: The News & Observer (June 18, 1997, Raleigh, NC) and RAND for the Council for Aid to Education

What has changed isthe publicswillingness to support institutions that value producers more than products.

Zemsky and Massey, 1995

Your instructional system is driven by teaching rather than by learning, by the needs of professors rather than students.

Sir John S. Daniel, 1997

Technological Tools
Use for group teachingUse for individual teaching

with good learning materials, effective networks, and proper support, students can learn better at home than in class.

Sir John Daniel, 1997

Children
are trying to do something rather than to know somethingare learning by doingcontrol their learning by using an adult to guide them through new areas of investigationone-on-one assistance, as-needed basis

Natural Learning
occurs when the person really wants to know somethingnot compatible with lockstep classrooms, rigid curricula, or measurable by multiple choice testsWhen information enters memory that in no way relates to goals that the possessor of the information may want to accomplish, it is quickly forgotten because there is no meaningful place for it to reside.

Public School
learn what someone else wants them to learnteacher and curriculum goalsno longer learn because they want toemphasis on rote learning, standardized curriculumsuccess: not being able to do, but being able to function within the systemIn school, knowing becomes uncoupled from doing

Using Technology in the Classroom Rising Use of IT in Instruction
(percentage of courses)

Uses of Technology
Meets needs of handicapped studentsExtends the institutions reachMaine imports library science graduate degree program from South CarolinaNTU programs are offered in AsiaCalifornia Virtual University markets in the Pacific RimOffers economies of scale

Student Ownership
24
(percentage by campus type)

Instructional Support and Recognition
(percentages, by sector)
Campus Has a Technology Resource Center
Formal Program to Reward IT as Part of Promotion and Tenure Review

Issues
Tenure, merit, promotionDoes on-line publication count?Does on-line teaching count?WorkloadRoyalties for on-line packages

From sage on the stage to guide on the side

Are we teaching the knowledge and skills needed for the 21st century?Does our pedagogy match needs of students?Do we have quality?Are we structured to work in an era of lifelong learning?

This was a report of a 1994 American Management Study of 713 major U.S. Companies.

Over the past five years, 2/3sof US companies haveundergone downsizing (16.7 milion jobs cut since 1991). American Management Association annual survey reports that nearly 30% of employers plan to eliminate jobs this year, the highest percentagein the surveys 8 year history. Typically, the number of firms that actually make cuts is double the number of those that say they will.Friedman, Jill. Four Questions to Ask Before Accepting a Buyout. Working Woman, October 1996, pp 25-26.
Four years ago Peterson's "Distance Learning" guide counted 93"cyberschools" where students could earn degrees without setting footon campus. In 1997, the list had grown to 762. In "I Got My DegreeThrough E-Mail" [June 16, 1997 issue of FORBES], Lisa Gubernick andAshlea Ebeling chart the rise of virtual colleges and summarize thereasons why the number of students who choose non-traditional paths togetting an education is increasing dramatically. The authors presentviewpoints ranging from economists who hail cyberschools as the bestsolution for college education, to advocates for the superiority ofin-residence programs. A list of Forbes' top 20 cyber-universities,along with Web links, is included in the article.The article is available online athttp://www.forbes.com/forbes/97/0616/5912084a.htm
Magellan: renown authorities lecturing; small groups with tutors connected via computer networksCollege Connection: Jones Intl, offers courses and degree programs from participating universitiesEd Network of Maine: presents courses from the Maine system and beyond; a separate service of the UniversityCoastline: college without a campus, famous for video telecoursesUniv College (MD): offers conferences and seminars t courses housed in regional centers and distance ed courses that rely on info technologyWGU: accountability and assessment
2
1
John S. Daniel (1997). Why universiteis need technology strategies. Change, July/August, 11-17..

Quote is on page 15.
P. 16.
just in time learning ; not learning to use the computer at 10:00 on 10 May, or whenever the curriculum says to learn that fagement of knowledge.

Work with a community of people with diverse knowledge rather than with the age-segregated community called a class.
24