POLAND

Impact of the economic slowdown on the labour market was the most profound in the

case of indicators related to creation and retention of new jobs;

TC EEC Development academy 01-08 April 2014 Kobuleti, Georgia

Youth Unemployment in the EU

• Around 5 million unemployed young people in the EU

• 1 in 5 young people in the labour market is unemployed

• More than 30 % in Lithuania • More than 40 % in Estonia, Latvia and Spain• More than 20 % in Poland

LABOUR MARKET

Polish youth, still in the vanguard of the Europeans in terms of education, with participation rate of 70.8% of the population at the age bracket 15-24;

In the years 2007-2010 Poland observed the highest growth in the employment rate in the EU-27, the employment rate increased by 4.8 PP and in 2011 reached.

Declining unemployment, with the unemployment rate falling by 4.3 PP (to the annual average of 9,6% in 2010 r.), with the long-term unemployment declining by 25 PP (the larges decline in the EU-27).

So: MAIN REASON of YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT

– The inequalities in the labour market can be balanced by advanced education, entrepreneurial programmes and financial support for young entrepreneurs.

Don’t forget: Poland is still in Red Euro Area for European Structural

Funds

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

%

years

Youth unemployment by education

higher education

vocational secondary

general seconadary

basic vocational

primary and incomplete primary

1. Support to youth entrepreneurship and self-employment

In Poland:

• FM Bank - who serves newly established companies with less than 12 months business history (which represent a relatively high risk for a micro-lenders and are therefore currently excluded from external financing in Poland);

• Erasmus for young Entrepreneurs – business exchange programme: 2600 candidates accepted; Eur11 million spent so far.

http://www.erasmus-entrepreneurs.eu/

2. What could be the most important in boosting youth entrepreneurship in Poland?

• Money? Culture? Incubation of resources? Human capital?

1st factor: Advanced education supports entrepreneurial entry through:

• The acquisition of skills – students have more chances to develop necessary skills important for an entrepreneur, especially critical thinking, communication and teamwork,

• Providing an access to certain social networks,• Sorting people by ambition and assertiveness.

• 2nd factor: It was confirmed while testing the effect of entrepreneurship programmes on entrepreneurial attitudes and intention of students that:– Inspiration (and not learning or resource-

utilisation) was the entrepreneurial programme's benefit related to the increase of subjective norm and intention towards self-employment.

• 3rd factor

- Work experience - gives and access to: social networks, market information, capital, potential customers.

Compulsory internship at 1st, 2nd and 3rd level of HE

Fighting youth unemployment

• Policy framework to improve youth employment

• focus on fighting segmentation; provide adequate safety nets; encourage entrepreneurship;