youthspeak

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Be Safe Be Prepared-cover-revisi-final.pdf 10/11/11 5:08:00 PM

Be alert, not alarmedBe alert, not alarmed

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Be Safe Be Prepared-cover-revisi-final.pdf 10/11/11 5:10:45 PM

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What is disaster?A disaster occurs when a natural or man-made hazard event seriously threatens or disrupts the functi oning of a community resulti ng in signifi cant physical damage or destructi on, loss of life, fi nancial or environmental loss, and/or has psychological impact. A disaster occurs when a hazard aff ects people and/or property to a severity that they are not prepared for. The combinati on of hazards, vulnerability and inability to reduce the potenti al negati ve consequences of risk results in disaster.

A community is vulnerable to disaster if it has a low level of disaster or hazard preparedness. Miti gati on is an eff ort to reduce disaster impact by decreasing vulnerability and/or increasing capacity of the community to cope with disaster.

Risk is the likelihood of suff ering loss due to a disaster; risk is highest where large vulnerable populati on live in areas of high hazard. Risk can be reduced by miti gati on i.e. reducing vulnerability (for example building earthquake resistant house) or increase community capacity (for example early warning systems).

We may not be able to deal with disasters using the resources that we have, but we can minimize the risk or impact of a disaster. School capacity is the power and resources that every individual (students and teachers) posses that may help in preventi ng, miti gati ng, preparing for and recovering from disasters.

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What if an earthquake strikes when we are in school? Don’t panic! Let’s identi fy all the elements of the equati on that our school environment has.

Who and what is at risk?Students and teachersSchool buildings and infrastructure

What can hurt you?Heavy objects falling from above Collapsing buildings

Who is the most vulnerable?Young and disabled studentsStudents and teachers not educated in earthquake preparedness

What can you do to prepare? Earthquake resistant building, away from known hazards i.e. rivers and cliff facesStudents and teachers are trained in disaster preparednessWell stocked and complete fi rst aid kitAvailable budgeti ng for disaster

What do we do when there is an earthquake?Protect your head with a pillow or bagAvoid glass, windows outside doors and walls, and anything that could fall, such as lighti ng fi xtures or furniture.Run outside to an open fi eld when the quake has ceased.

Just remember that the higher the school capacity,

the lesser disaster risk you will have to face.

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What is disaster?

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In order to increase our capacity, we should learn the map of our neighborhood and identi fy the areas that are prone to disasters and the types of disaster that may occur in those areas. The next step is to recognize the signs of a disaster and its process. Let’s get to know some of those signs!

Indonesia, a Disaster Prone ArchipelagoNational Earthquake Hazard Map 2010

A Tsunami is a long high sea wave caused by an earthquake or other disturbance, generally occurring in the ocean. However inlands tsunami’s may occur aft er levees break or another major displacement of water.

Signs of a tsunami:

May preceded by an earthquake

Rumbling sound

A noti ceable rapid rise or fall in coastal waters

Changing animal behavior

Landslides occur on almost a daily basis and can cause enormous loss-of-life and property. It involves the movement of mass of rock, debris, or earth down a slope, primarily trig-gered by earthquakes and/or intense and prolonged rainfall. Landslides are aggravated by human acti viti es, including deforestati on, culti vati on and constructi on, which destabilize the already fragile slopes.

Signs of a landslide:

A horseshoe-shaped crack on your landscape

Sudden collapse of mud on slopes

Springs become muddy or stop fl owing

A faint rumbling sound that increases in volume is noti ceable as the landslide nears.

Changing animal behavior

There are approximately 1,500 acti ve volcanoes in the world today and 75% of them are located in the "Pacifi c Ring of Fire”, an arc stretching from New Zealand, along the east-ern edge of Asia – including Indonesia, Philippines, Japan—north across the Aleuti an Islands of Alaska, and south along the coast of North and South America.

A volcano is a landform (usually a mountain) where mol-ten rock erupts though the surface of the planet. As pressure builds up under the earth curst a volcano may erupt allowing hot magma, ash and gases to escape.

Signs of volcanic erupti on:

Increase of small earthquakes or tremors

Gas emission from cracks on soil

Landslides from the mountain slopes

Changing animal behavior

FloodFlood is considered the most common, widespread, deadly, destructi ve natural hazard in the world.

However it is also easiest one to implement miti gati on strategies. A fl ood is an overfl ow of a large amount of water beyond its normal confi nes, especially over what is normally dry land.

A fl ood can be caused by a natural event that takes place in rivers, estuaries, or beaches. A fl ood may also occur as a result of dam failures, damage in water pipes or a series of storms and heavy rainfall.

Natural signs of a fl ood:

Heavy prolonged rain

Storms

Tsunami

Changing animal behavior

Disaster trivia President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono in May 2011 received a UN award for his outstanding works in

disaster management and risk reducti on. The ‘Global Champion on Disaster Risk Reducti on’ award is honored to

the Indonesian government for its commitment in managing, among others, the impact of the 2004 tsunami that

hit Aceh.

An earthquake is a natural event that cannot be prevented. An earthquake does not kill, but the

collapsing buildings and structures do. It is advised to make sure that the buildings around us, including our

houses, are earthquake resistant. Find more informati on on quake proof houses at www.rumahamangempa.net

Many sti ll think it is a taboo to talk about disasters or plan disaster preparedness and that doing so

would trigger one to happen. This is a fallacy. Preparedness is the mindset, knowledge, atti tude and skills that

everyone must posses in order to face possible disasters. To learn more about disaster preparedness, visit the

BNPB website www.bnpb.go.id.

Starti ng 2011, every second Wednesday of October is commemorated worldwide as Internati onal Day

for Disaster Reducti on.

Earthquake

Tsunami

Landslide

Volcanic eruption

This is one of the types of disaster that oft en happens in Indonesia since the country lies at the spot where the Indo-Australia and Eurasia tectonic plates are converging. This unique locati on, nevertheless, has its upside: Indonesia is a country rich with minerals and other resources such as gold, copper, nickel, lead, coal, oil and natural gas.

An earthquake is the shaking at the surface of the earth resulti ng from underground movement along a fault plane or from volcanic acti vity.

Signs of an earthquake:

Earth shaking

Swaying buildings, and shaking sounds

Change in animal behavior

Provincial Capital

Subduction Zone

Country Border

Provincial Border

Coast Line

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Remember to place your disaster preparedness bag somewhere easily accessible for when a disaster hits.

Here are some practical steps that can be practiced by any member of a school community:

Recognize hazards that may cause a disaster within the school environment

Learn the process of disaster occurrence, starting from its causes to what to do to survive from it.

Motivate all members of the school community to be prepared in facing disasters.

Put all the heavy stuff on the floor. Do not put things that are heavy or easily broken on shelves or in the cupboard.

Pick a location that can be used as an evacuation spot. Choose an evacuation route that is nearest to the school and away from the majority of any danger.

Agree on a meeting point for all members of the school community when evacuating.

Prepare a special bag for disaster

Routinely practice evacuation to a safe location in order to be safe during a disaster.

Disaster preparedness tips Togetherwe are safe

It takes team work to minimalize disaster risk. You’re sure to hit a rough patch if you act selfishly and ignore a shared set of ground rules. A community, therefore, must agree on a certain standard of operation at times of a disaster.

There are nine steps that we must take as an effort of disaster preparedness. They are very easy to practice.

Identify and make a list of vulnerability in your neighborhood. For example, vulnerability in your school may be the school building that is not quake proof.

Come up with a solution for the problem. To deal with a building that is not quake proof, you must remember to be extra cautious when you are in or near the building. It is best if the building is replaced with one that is quake resistant.

Make a division of tasks for people in your neighborhood. Assign someone to, for example, assist those who are vulnerable during a disaster or prepare for an evacuation route, etc.

Make sure that any information regarding disasters can be quickly disseminated throughout your neighborhood. For school environments, you can make use of bulletin boards, posters or the school radio.

Also make a list of the strengths and capacities that your neighborhood posseses. For example, your school may be located near a designated evacuation route.

Think of a fast way to warn your neighborhood of an impending disaster, whether by using a school bell, slit drum, siren, whistle, or through mosque sound systems.

You must know for sure who will give a warning in case a disaster occurs. The local government is the one that is responsible to give an early warning. Your headmaster or teacher may be the one appointed to extend the warning to your neighborhood.

Learn everything about the hazards that threaten your neighborhood, including their causes, the losses they may result in and what you must do when a disaster hits.

The last step is to do a disaster simulation. You might want to join a drill in which people simulate the circumstances of an earthquake or a tsunami. There are also disaster simulation games available that will prepare you to take the right actions during a disaster. Check www.unisdr.org and www.stopdisastersgame.org

Choose a bag that is sturdy and large enough to bring these items: • A small box containing necessary medicine • Ready-to-eat snacks such as crackers • Drinking water • Candles and matches • A flashlight and battery • One or two pairs of clothing • Sarong • Copies of identification cards and important phone numbers. Put them in a sealed plastic bag. • Personal bathing kit

Prepare your disaster

preparedness bag!

Membangun Sekolah Siaga Bencana, Program Pendidikan Publik dan Kesiapsiagaan Masyarakat, LIPI, 2008

Modul Pengurangan Risiko Bencana Berbasis Komunitas (PRB-BK), ©Training and Media Unit IOM Yogyakarta, 2011

Merintis Masyarakat Siaga Bencana (Gempa Bumi & Tsunami), LIPI, 2008

Sekolah Siaga Bencana: Pembelajaran dari Kota Bengkulu, Deny Hidayati, Widayatun, Triyono, Pusat Penelitian Oseanografi-LIPI, 2010

Buku Panduan Pengenalan Karakteristik Bencana Dan Upaya Mitigasinya di Indonesia Set BAKORNAS PBP

Various news articles

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