Yugoslavia Yugoslavia & The Balkans& The Balkans

Scarier than Lions, Tigers Scarier than Lions, Tigers and Bears… OH MY!!!and Bears… OH MY!!!

Cultural Cultural MakeupMakeup

3 Languages in 3 Languages in the Regionthe Region Serbo-Croat, Serbo-Croat,

Slovenian and Slovenian and MacedonianMacedonian

3 Religions in the 3 Religions in the RegionRegion Serbian Serbian

Orthodox, Orthodox, Catholic and Catholic and IslamIslam

Geography of Geography of the Balkansthe Balkans

Very MountainousVery MountainousToday the Yugoslav Today the Yugoslav area of the Balkan area of the Balkan region contains:region contains: Croatia, Slovenia, Croatia, Slovenia,

Bosnia-Bosnia-Herzegovina, Herzegovina, Serbia, Albania, Serbia, Albania, Macedonia, Macedonia, MontenegroMontenegro

History of History of the Regionthe Region

Has been ruled over Has been ruled over at various times by at various times by the Ottomans, the the Ottomans, the Austro-Hungarians Austro-Hungarians and the Bulgarians.and the Bulgarians.Germany took it Germany took it over in 1941over in 1941 Resistance Resistance

organized by organized by Josip “Tito” BrozJosip “Tito” Broz

The The Communist Communist

PeriodPeriod

Tito set up Tito set up communist republic communist republic of Yugoslavia in of Yugoslavia in 1945.1945.Policy of Non-Policy of Non-AllignmentAllignment Never joined with Never joined with

Moscow or the Moscow or the United StatesUnited States

Death of Tito Death of Tito and the and the

AftermathAftermathTito dies in 1980Tito dies in 1980 Popular hero that Popular hero that

united and united and suppressed various suppressed various nationalities in the nationalities in the empire…empire…

Federation begins to Federation begins to show signs of wear show signs of wear by the early 1990’sby the early 1990’s

The The BreakupBreakupSerbia is the chief state Serbia is the chief state

of Yugoslavia and the of Yugoslavia and the most powerful…most powerful…Slovenia secedes in 92Slovenia secedes in 92Croatia and then Croatia and then Bosnia follow suitBosnia follow suitSerbia angry at loss of Serbia angry at loss of power in region and power in region and Europe…. WAR!!!Europe…. WAR!!!

Chaos! Chaos!

SerbsSerbs (fight Croats and (fight Croats and Bosnian-Muslims)Bosnian-Muslims) Want to keep Bosnia and Want to keep Bosnia and

its Bosnian Serbsits Bosnian Serbs Ethnically cleansed Ethnically cleansed

Bosnian MuslimsBosnian MuslimsCroatsCroats (fight Serbs and (fight Serbs and Bosnian-Muslims)Bosnian-Muslims) Want to expand into Bosnia Want to expand into Bosnia

and get Bosnian-Croatsand get Bosnian-CroatsBosniansBosnians (fight everyone) (fight everyone) Bosnian Muslims want their Bosnian Muslims want their

own countryown country

The UN joins The UN joins in the Messin the Mess

UN tries to pull UN tries to pull everyone aparteveryone apart Who do you back?Who do you back?1995 – Dayton Accords1995 – Dayton Accords Bosnia divided into Bosnia divided into

two autonomous two autonomous regions loosely tiedregions loosely tied

Bosnian-Serb Bosnian-Serb Republic and Muslim-Republic and Muslim-Croat FederationCroat Federation

CroatiaCroatia Gets land back Gets land back grabbed by grabbed by SerbiaSerbia200,000 refugees 200,000 refugees return homereturn home

Could the Dayton Could the Dayton Accords be a Accords be a Model for Iraq?Model for Iraq?

Adriatic

Sea

A New War- Serbia and KosovoA New War- Serbia and KosovoKosovoKosovo Region of SerbiaRegion of Serbia Muslim Muslim

populationpopulationSupported by Supported by AlbaniaAlbania

1998- KLA lead 1998- KLA lead open Rebellion open Rebellion against Serbiaagainst Serbia

International International OpinionOpinion

Pro-SerbPro-Serb Fear new warFear new war Fear more Fear more

“Balkanization”“Balkanization”Pro-KosovarPro-Kosovar Want ability for Want ability for

self-self-determinationdetermination

Reject Reject oppressionoppression

The The ResultsResults

Slobodan Milosovic Slobodan Milosovic encouraged to bring encouraged to bring order to the landorder to the land Accused of war Accused of war

crimes (like crimes (like Srebreniza) and Srebreniza) and ethnic cleansingethnic cleansing

NATO sent in to NATO sent in to restore peace and restore peace and stop Milosovicstop Milosovic

Today – Peace Today – Peace at Last?at Last?

Milosovic was Milosovic was apprehended and apprehended and died during his died during his trial at the Hague trial at the Hague for War Crimesfor War CrimesTentative peace Tentative peace has returned to has returned to the countrythe country