Zeno

Epicurus

Averroes

Zenophon Parmenides

SocratesPlato

AristotleDiogenes Euclid

Zoroaster

Raphael

Sodoma

Pythagoras

Painting by Raphael

1510 A.D.

Ptolemy

HippocratesSTART HERE

“The School of Athens” PowerPoint presentation ©1999, Marie Sontag

Photos courtesy of Christus Rex at Redemptor Mundi, Michael Olteanu, http://christusrex.org/www1/stanzas/S2-Segnatura.html

“The School of Athens”

During the Golden Age of Athens (500’s B.C.), Greeks grew dissatisfied with the mythological explanations of the world. They searched for t_____ through reason. This is called philosophy. The Greek words are below.

phileo + sophos =

cherish/value + wisdom/truth =

philosophy

value wisdom/truth

ruth

PhilosophersSlide #2

Socrates - 469-347 B.C. Socrates instructed his students in Athens to

“know t_______.” He thought that if people really knew themselves, they would seek j_______, truth and goodness. He taught by asking q________

uestions.

hyselfustice

Slide #3

Plato (427-345 BC) - He pointed u__, emphasizing that he believed ultimate reality was in things we cannot s___, such as ideas and thoughts. Plato was a student of S______.

Aristotle (384-322 BC) - He spread his hand ______, emphasizing what we can see and touch. He was a student of ________.

“The School of Athens” by Raphael

What is ultimate reality?

p

ocrates

down

Plato

ee

Slide #4

Zoroaster (630-550 BC) - The bearded man is Zoroaster, a philosopher from Persia. He is holding a celestial globe. He proposed the philosophy that everything is a s_______ between the impersonal forces of light and darkness.

truggle

Slide #5

Pythagoras (about 580 BC) - He was a mathematician who made important discoveries in _________. His experiments were the f____ in western science.

Euclid (around 300 BC) - He wrote the first ______ on geometry.

geometrybook

irst

Mathematicians

Slide #6

Slide #7

Pythagoras observed that when the blacksmith struck his anvil, different notes were produced according to the weight of the hammer. He observed that if you take two strings in the same degree of tension, and then divide one of them exactly in half, when they are plucked the pitch of the shorter string is exactly one octave higher than the longer:

He also discovered that if the length of the two strings are in relation to each other 2:3, the difference in pitch is called a fifth:

...and if the length of the strings are in relation to each other 3:4, then the difference is called a fourth.

© J. Boyd-Brent, 1995-98used by permission

http://www.aboutscotland.co.uk/harmony/prop.html