zero-carbon rural home development. mark horgan – sae mark lewis – sae grant macgregor –...
TRANSCRIPT
Mark Horgan – SAE Mark Lewis – SAE Grant MacGregor – SAE Darren Tannock - SAE Etienne Hentzen - ME
GROUP MEMBERS
ZERO-CARBON RURAL HOUSE
• The Rural Development was chosen.
More freedoms of geometry
More challenging design owing to restrictions
ANALYSIS OF BRIEF
Information from brief:– family home for 4 (adults + children)– 4 bedrooms– home office (adults work from home)– 2 bathroom/toilet– net zero-energy home– Electric vehicle required– No gas grid access– Max grid demand 20kW
REQUIREMENT BREAKDOWN
Factors for making a net-zero home: Building and room Geometry - Darren Lighting and Ventilation - Etienne Energy Systems - Mark Demand Reduction – Other Mark Renewable Energy Systems – Grant
DATA ANALYSIS
To help define the requirements of the building, environmental factors of the surrounding area were researched.
These environmental factors include: Average daylight hours Average wind speed & direction Average temperature Average rainfall
SITE LOCATION
Location on peak of small crest.
Landscape generally slopes downwards towards coastline to the WSW.
WIND (HTTP://WWW.METOFFICE.GOV.UK/CLIMATE/UK/WS/PRINT.HTML)
Average wind data taken at Prestwick Airport shows predominant wind direction is WSW, ranging generally between WNW and S. This is consistent with the location of the site relative to the Ayrshire coastline where the predominant Gulfstream blows in from.
GEOMETRY
Main Bathroom
Bedroom 2
Bedroom 3
Bedroom 4
W/C Master Bedroom
OfficeKitchen / Living Area
Design of the house was predicated on these factors: North & South orientation for maximum sunlight Longer East & West than North & South Bungalow design for disabled access and in keeping with
surrounding farm houses Split into ‘working zone’ and ‘living zone’
GEOMETRY South wall predominately glazed for maximum sunlight Open plan living area and subtle design for better
ventilation purposes Generous room sizes Roof structure – mono-pitch? Other adaptations?
LIGHTING AND VENTILATION
Ventilation standards required for: Air quality (A,B,C) Ventilation rate for Comfort (l/s) Ventilation requirement for Health (l/s)
• Local Exhaust Ventilation (LEV) required for: Bathrooms Kitchen
LIGHTING AND VENTILATION
Artificial lighting should supplement natural lighting
Lighting Standards for Illumination requirement for each room
Possible lighting systems: LED’s Compact fluorescent lighting
MATERIALS
Consideration given to: Embodied Energy/ Carbon Thermal properties Conformity with building design Secondary consideration - cost.
STRAW-BALE INSULATION
Locally-sourced Readily available (rural) Negligible EE/EC U-value= 0.2 W/m2K
based on 350mm depth Relatively simple to
construct Lime plaster coating
TRIPLE GLAZING
Requirement to minimiseglazing heat-loss
0.8 W/m2K U-value iswithin PassivHaus maxstandards value
Approx 70% sunlighttransmission
Noise reduction notconsidered due to location
ENERGY SYSTEMS
Estimated annual electrical demand? 2700 kWh or 7-8 kWh per day. However if electricity is also used to
provide hot water, 11-12 kWh. Energy for space heating is by far the
biggest demand. For a desired reduction in CO2, reducing
the energy demand for space heating is necessary.
SOURCE (https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/48195/3224-great-britains-housing-energy-fact-file-2011.pdf)
• Of the total energy used in a family home, appliances use up to 12%.
• The average annual growth in appliances energy use was nearly 3% a year, although the annual rise appears to be slowing.
RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS
Renewable Energy Systems can help supplement energy demand, reducing or eliminating draw from the grid.
Some systems researched: Wind Power Solar Power &
thermal collectors Ground Source
Heat Pumps Efficient water use
within the home