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ZâxgZáZÑšã˜�:]ÞjÏ^ÙÎßnè$ÖnÔÂàÆn†ÕÚàÆn†ÂÏ‚(æŸÚ^mr†pÚr†p]ÖÃÏ‚( : ZZ]Öçô…ø]$øèöæ]¦ô…û'ö

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óóÆp�Ô%Ëç@{c*‡ì£xç@{ÆËÆâw»¾~§s ]Öç…]$èæ]Ÿ…' LLvƒY**ÔZϧbèŧsÐâwzgU*Yŧsvƒ@*ìZkÃzgZV$»**xŠc*Y@*ìX

zgZV$Ð%ZŠtìZq-¿»âwËŠzu}�ۊŧsvƒYñZzgZkÃZkYGZŠ~

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z{ÓxYGZŠ®!z)®!èÅZK¾ðƒðc*èÃZkÆZLW!*ƒZ].ZŠÐBƒc*ZÐË´c*)¿ÐjÆîg6,BƒZzgèZÐgh™%YñÂÑ‘éMM

ZkÃF,c*zgXc*âwzgZV$c*÷Z_ë�X)3( Encyclopaedia of ¹Y@*ìZkÅ°p "Inheritance" Zôm,~~zgZV$Ã

~tìX Britanica

In its broadest sense,inheritance or heritagemeans the transfer of

something, from earlier to later ages or generations, thus one may

speak of an individual's inherited traits of body or character and of

the cultural heritage of one civilization from one another. In a more

specific sense, inheritance signifies the devolution of property upon

the death of its owner. (4)

‡âygzâ~úg]»h÷Z_Š*¸Z2~‡âygzâÃtS¤qÝìƒÐ¬Zk‡ây~úg]»z

%ŠzVÆ)z~tHŠHåXZk~úg]Æh÷Z_ÅŠg`fsßg'‰X

e»h÷Z_:‡âygzâ~ÃÓVÔœVÆ‚B+B~î EO)z~Ñq-÷Z_‰Zzg@VÅzgZV$«%û

‡âygzâ~tňZ%�áŠ~”{ÃÓV!*\ÆZ(g3+g~Æ�:ƒC‰ZzgZL{z0+zV

021 ¢:01)ÑðDŠc6102Y(Ñg{:1 qã^lö]Ÿô‰¡Ý

Å!~ƒC‰øzxZÑg_‰X)5(

Ç»h÷Z_:èÅè™zñ/$ZzÑŠÅ°xñŠÏ~äÔ¸ÇVÆ)z~Ñq-÷Z_ƒC‰X

zZ−{Å÷Z_:gzâñZz\~Z¤/âVZzÑŠÆ!*\Å!ïb~ƒCÂZKZzÑŠÆF,~¨9

�áïƒC¶XªzgU*Æ‚B+B~î E)z~Ñq-÷Z_¶Z¤/oïb~:ƒCÂZkÃZKZzÑŠÅ÷Z_»Ãðh:åÔ851Y~âVÃZzÑŠÅ÷Z_~Óx“{5éE]Ьh÷Z_5XZ%“{5éE]~Zp>ÃâV6,ZzqzF,ßqݶXZkßg]~Z¤/âVWiZŠZMZg3+g~ƒC¶ÂÑiòåZzÑŠÆegÐic*Š{Z�ÛZŠ:ƒVªZ¤/ZzÑŠÆegÐic*Š{Z�ÛZŠƒDÂZkÃtwzŠgzqÝ:ƒ@*åXQZkÆ0‡ây÷Z_żZ&bƒð@*Wè

8h454è EHGEEäZ�ÛZŠZzÑŠÅÑoZhZŠ~Q&+g=Y�ÛZ}Î6xñŠÏZzÑŠâVÃ!*\Æ‚B)z~zŠc*ŠHpZ¤/âVÆ‚BZÈã¸ðÇ

̃DÂtzgU*Y+B~î E)z~„÷Z_~�áïƒD¸X)6(

ç~Å÷Z_:‡âygzâÅgzÐç~4]zgU*Y~�áï:¶@*ë¹ic*Š{¿Åßg]~¢zgc*]

¹Y@*åX Dowery i0+ÏÅŠÆnZküzŠc*Y@*åÔ&~ì: Encyclopaedia of Britanica

The surviving spouse stood outside the four classes of relatives.

He or she was to succeed only if there was no relative at all. As long

as any relative, no matter how remote, could be found, the family

wealth was not to be diverted from the bloodline. But a widow's

needs were ordinarily taken care of by the dowry, which, given to the

husband, usually by her family, at the time of the marriage, was to be

hers after the husband's death. For the exceptional case of a poor

widowi.e., a widow without dowrya share in the estate was provided.

Distribution among members of the same class was not in all

respects clearly regulated by Justinian's text, and so several points

remained controversial. (7)

121 úg]»hzgZV$:ZsxZzgŠ*¸Z2ÅgzÝ~

÷Z“úg]Å„:‡âygzâ~úg]ÆF,Å„Ì%ŠzVÆF,ńŧbƒC¶pZzÑŠÔâVÅ

YGZŠÅzZg_70$ˉZkÅzztÒyÅYC¶YèZzÑŠ»mŠzu}FÐìZkntZKâVÅzZg_70$ËXâVäYGZŠZL!*\ÐqÝŃC¶ZkÅzÃ]ƈz{YGZŠÜsZkÆǸÇVZzgW!*ðgŠZgzV~„„ƒC¶X

˜�: Henry John Raby

Man have the same claim to the inheritance of their female

relatives, being agnats,as they have to that of their male agnats.A

father's wife if she was in the hand of her husband counted as a

sister to his children.(8)

yzè<Ø~úg]»hzgZV$Zzg„F,yzè<Ø»ÑgŠ*ÆŠ*F,+èZ<Ø~ƒ@*ìXZ•ðŠ*ƒäÆ!*zŠW`ÌZkÆ

¸Z26,¿HY@*ìXyzè<Ø~:Üsúg]ÅzgZV$Åh_ňìɹ‚g}%ŠzVÃÌzgZV$Ðøzxg3ŠHìXŠ*~úg]Æ£tÃZY¤/™äÆn¹‚g~’rVäÀ1ìpyzè<Ø6,ZyÆZW,Z]Š¬ð7ŠïXyzƒVÆ;VzgZV$Å„»Ðz¾d$ÂxìÀYGZŠ®!z)®!Z½¦oÑgÅYCìXZzg{0+Zy»ÃðÌ�ÛŠZkÃ{0+ZyÆÓxZ�ÛZŠÅZYi]Æ%e{7™YX!*\ÅzÃ]ƈZk»(,ZgCZk»Ydƒ@*ìZzg{0+ZyÆ!*¹ÓxZ�ÛZŠZϧbZkÅZ¤®)z�ÛâΊZg~™D�T§bz{ZL!*\ÅH™D¸XyzƒV~Z£â]6,Z¸Z2ZzgfZÂVÆÒpЄYGZŠÆZ§jZzgZßw�XX~t!*]!*Ç™sÃWCìúg]ÃYGZŠÐc*Âu}Ðøzxg3ŠHìc*%ŠÐÁF,zŠc*ŠHìX)9(÷Z_~úg]Åh_t¶eZzgç~ÃzgU*Y~�áï„7HY@*åX

˜�: Sripati Roy

By a custom of the family, if a person died without direct mate

issue, neither his wife, daughter or daughter's son can succeed.(10)

�áŠ~”{ÃÓVÂZLâV!*\ÅzgZV$Ðåîg6,øzx‰Z%)�áŠ~”{@VÃZLâV!*\ÅzgZV$~ÐÜsz{„ZyZY]he»hqÝåXÐz{

221 ¢:01)ÑðDŠc6102Y(Ñg{:1 qã^lö]Ÿô‰¡Ý

i0+Ϧ/Zg$˃VX˜�: Julins Jolly

The wives and daughters were without doubt originally entitled

only to maintenance. The brothers have to provide for the marriage

of their sisters in a manner befitting their position.(11)

yzè<Ø~úg]ÅYGZŠÅ„:(¹Y@*ìZzgtPºmZâY6,ŒƒCìX Stridhana) úg]ÅYGZŠÃ

úg]ÅYGZŠÆ!*g}~˜�: K.K.Udaidya

According to Munnu, Stridhana is one of the following kinds"what

was given in the presmence of the nuptial fire,(Adhyani), what was

given on the occasion of the bridal procession,(Adhyavahanika),

what was given in the taken of love, (Pritidatta),and what was

received from a brother, mother and father are considered as the

six-fold seprate property of a married woman.(12)

�áŠ~”{úg]ÅzgZV$Å„:�áŠ~”{úg]ÅzgZV$Å„Zk§bÅYCì:

Z¤/ZkÅZzÑŠƒÂYGZŠ3,ÜZzÑŠÃAÏÔZ¤/ZkÅZzÑŠ7ìÂZk»{z0+Ô{z0+ÆzgU*YZzgúg]ÆpãgŠZgzZg_ƒfZzgZ¤/ÃðzZg_:ƒÂgZzzZg_ƒÇX)31(

)�áŠ~”{úg]ÅzgZV$Å„:)�áŠ~”{úg]Å÷Z_Å„»t§igZòì:

Z¤/Ãð)�áŠ~”{úg]Å!ƒZzgZkÅzÃ]ƒYñÂZkßg]~ZkÅYGZŠZkƸÇVÔâV!*\ZzgâV!*\ÆzgU*Y~„ÅYñÏXZzgZ¤/Ãðyz±Å«ÆˆzÃ]0*YñÂZk»|«ÅZù_Zzg«Æñµ6,Šb‰�`zZ:ááÇX)41(

·Še$~úg]»hzgZV$$+¬ÐZAòx] W�ãc*ZAòèZ<Ø~ÐZq-è<Ø·Še$ìX·Š-Vä

~ZkŠg’pZzg"5å GEOwлx1ìhz!*ë~�Ût™**Zq-ÂZ%ìÔZyÆ;VZ’ùMMÂ

321 úg]»hzgZV$:ZsxZzgŠ*¸Z2ÅgzÝ~

úg]zgZV$Ð!*Çøzx¶ˆ~ZkÃhzgZV$Šc*ŠHpz{Ì:ƒäÆ',Z',åYèz{ÜsZÚzá$˶TÐZkŦ/g¬ƒnX·Š~ÂxzgZV$~gCzgZV$»ZÍA,ZgtHY@*åZzgZk~ZzÑŠ»ïbZzgïbÆ%aZƒä~~Ãð×:¶ƒÃzMåX)51(

œVÅ·Š-VÆ4,Šq-',F,~»t¬ÝåZyÅñŠÏ~ec*ËZzggŠZgÃhzgZV$qÝ:åX

~ì: Encyclopaedia Biblica

The rights of inhertance among the Israelits belonged only to

agnates-the only relations in the strict sense of the word-the wife's

relations belong to a different family or even to a different tribe.Only

sons not daughters, still less wives can inherit.There are traces to

show that in the earliest times the wives, as the property of the

man,fell to his their along with rest of his estate-a custom which

among the arabs countinued to hold even to muhammad's time.(16)

e»h÷Z_:·Š-V~œVÅñŠÏ~ezgZV$ÅhŠZg:¶p)�áŠ~”{@V»!*\Å

zgZV$~p»hqÝåX)71(·Š-VÆŠ*‡ây~Âe!*ÇhzgZV$:gBb¶ˆ~

œVÅ)ñŠÏ~ZkÃ,ZgŒÛZgŠc*ŠHX!*\»**x$Ö ÇXtÇ7ìøg} !*\»**x7− Zk»ÈtƒZøg}

&øg}!*\Ƹð0*N YñXZknëßvtZ+¬™D�…̼i}Š~YñZyйÔ&JŠÅÃÓVÇ9 }.Zz0+Ð7Yz{H™}?}.Zz0+ä Zknñ.ä ÐX

!*\à ZyÆ ?ä RƒVÆ‚B‚BZ7Ìi}»8~î O¢zgŠbe’ �X»ZyƸX)81(!*ªÆ_.Q¬x¬Šc*ŠHdWÅ°xñŠÏ~zgZV$eÊ~YñX ŠØ

Z¤/ËMŠòÆdW:ƒZzgz{%YñÂCÙZq-qZkÅìZkÅeŃÏX)91(pZk÷BtÑoÌΊ~ˆµZuZLÆ\űÅ÷Z_Åâ´ƒZL!*\Æ\Æ{0+Zy~Ò{™}@*CÙZuZ¢ZL!*\ŠZŠÅ÷Z_6,‡ìgìZk»ÃZ+{tƒÇ÷Z_Zq-FЊzu}F~7YñÏYèµZuZLÆXVÃÑixìZK÷Z_ZLï~gOX

421 ¢:01)ÑðDŠc6102Y(Ñg{:1 qã^lö]Ÿô‰¡Ý

!*ª~ì:&JŠÅ@VÆn}.Zz0+»t¬ì:Z¤/?ËÐ�áŠ~™**eSƒÂ»ZL

Ë%ŠÆ‚B„�áŠ~™ãe’XZk§bµZuZêV~i} {0+Zã¤/z{Æ M!*Yz {0+Zã¤/z{~7YñÏXCÙZq-ZuZLZL Zq-{0+Zã¤/z{Њzu}

0*kgÇÇXZzgZ¤/Ãðe!*\Åi}qÝ™CìÂZÐZL Z].ZŠÅi}ÄZL{0+Zã¤/z{~ЄËÆ‚B�áŠ~™ãe’XZk§bCÙZq-MŠòz„i}ZL0*kgÇÇZkÆM!*YzZ].ZŠÅ¶XZk§bµZuZêVÅ÷Z_Zq-{0+Zã¤/z{

Њzu}{0+Zã¤/z{~7YñÏXZk§bÐCÙZq-ZuZ¢z{i}gÇÇZkÆZLM!*YzZ].ZŠÅ¶X)02(

~Zk§bňì: Encyclopaedia Biblica ·Š-VÆZkŠ2gÅzŸs#The later law exhibits a change only with respect to the

inheritance of daughters, conferring upon these the right to inherit, in

the absence of sons. The inheriting daughters are enjoined to marry

only within their father's tribe,so that the family estate may not pass

to any outside family.(21)

ç~»h÷Z_:·Š~‡âyÅgzÐ{z0+ÅzÃ]6,ç~ÃZkÅzgZV$~hqÝ7åÔic*Š{Ðic*Š{

ç~ZLØCÙÅYGZŠ~ÐÜs‚âyi0+ÏqÝ™$ËìXZ¤/ËØCÙäç~÷BtÑoÌg¿ƒz{ZkÅzgZV$ÅhŠZgƒÏÂA$Ì,Zg70nÏZzgØCÙÅZkÑoÃ!*ëŒÛZgŠbŠc*YñÇX²Šzu~§sç~ÅzÃ]Åßg]~Zk»ØCÙZÍA,Zgƒ@*ìZzgZkÅñŠÏ~

ZzÑŠZzgŠvZ�ÛZŠhzgZV$ÐøzxƒYD�X˜�: Jacab J.Robinwitz

The wife does not inherit her husband at all, but by enactment of

the scribes, the husband inherits all the property of his wife and he is

prior to everyone else with respect to the inheritance.(22)

âV»h÷Z_:·Š~‡âyÅgzÐâVZzÑŠÅzgZV$~,Zg:¶²âVÅzÃ]ƈZkÅzgZV$

521 úg]»hzgZV$:ZsxZzgŠ*¸Z2ÅgzÝ~

ZzÑŠÆn¶ZzgZyÅ°xñŠÏ~ŠvzgU*Y,Zg‘W¸X)32(

|ðè<Ø~úg]»hzgZV$|ÇVÆ;V!*ª~ƒÐlkÂ[ZgÃtHY@*ìñŠ{Zg~ËnÆ

¬©ÔZOŠ~c*çÙ¸Z2»ÃðE+™{7ìÉZk~zgZV$Ð0Ãð{m‡ây7ìXZg~aè„zgZV$Æ0gÉðñŠ7ìÔZÏnZI±54pî E

GäzgZV$Æ!*g}~gzðZzg·Š-VƇâÈzgZV$6,¿HìÔZkÅzztì¦**}mZ?xätpŠ�Ûâc*å~¦**ñÏmZ?xÆZ2Ùc™ä7Mc*ÔÉ~Z7å™äMc*ƒV@*Z7CU*"$™zVXZgä~ì:

t:õ~Âge$c*1VÅÂ1VÙc™äMc*ƒVX™c™ä7É7gZ™äMc*ƒVXYè~?ÐsHƒVZ#J-M�yZzgi}TÞ:YNZq-`

c*Zq-ØÂge$ÐCÙ¦/:PÇZ#J-ƒ¼7gZ:ƒYñX)42(

²1VÆÂx~úg]ÅzgZV$²1VÆZ2~iâ:YqŪÓ:g›ZzgYh:ìÑ]gZò¸XzgZV$»hÜs

Zy%ŠzVÆnå±Zðz){~zheÔâwÔÑäZzghzV6,ÎZgƒäƇ.Þ¸gLaZzgúg'zgZV$Å,Zg:‰X

ZgŠzŠZ],{çgsZsð»£!ógqì:zgZV$»:LÜsywƇ.Þƒ**åZzgªCÙìúgZzgKYywƇ.Þ:‰Zk

nZ7zgZV$ÐøzxHY@*åX)52(¦ñŠzŠ~ò˜�:

²1V~úgÂVZzg”VÃ÷Z_Ðz,„øzxg3Y@*åZzgßÍV»$�çE

tZk!*[~tå÷Z_»hÜsZy%ŠzVÃ(ì±äZzgæÅ™«™äƇ.ÞƒVX)62(

²1VÆ;VzgZV$»,ZgƒäÆnÑZ_Hgň‰úg]aèZyÑZ_6,7gZ7ZF,C¶Zknz{zgZV$Å,Zg:¶X

621 ¢:01)ÑðDŠc6102Y(Ñg{:1 qã^lö]Ÿô‰¡Ý

Zsx~úg]»hzgZV$Š+ZsxZðZzgs今+ìZk~ÓxZK+MÆ£t»{mìwg3ŠHìXá°

Å÷Z_Å„ZëXìaèZkÆ‚B{0+Zyƹ‚g}Z�ÛZŠÅ=VÔ)]ZzgW‚*VzZhƒC�ZknZsxäzgZV$Å„Ã{mZÌŠ~ìXzgZV$ÆDÃÛDŒÛZgŠc*ŠH

ìZzgzgZV$ńƉÃ$©{5ÕäGE

GMMÒyHŠHìÔZsxzgZV$ÅãCŠ¢zg]qÅ¢zg]Ã7É

gŠZg~ÃŒÛZgŠêì@*zgU*Y~ÐËÌ�ÛŠÃvy»‚o:ƒXzgZV$Zq-ZëçnìZzgZk~h_6,{0+ZyZzgZ�ÛZŠZ•Åi0+Ϧ/ZgD�Xúg]ZL

âV!*\ÔǸÇVÔZzÑŠZzgØCÙÆn"ÑgŒÛ!**VŠîìYGZŠÆ¦™ä~úg]»¹(,Z¬zy�áïƒ@*ìZzgZkƬzyÃZsxäLZzgË(6,�ÛZñl7HZÏnZsx~úg]Ť/ZVŠgŒÛ!*EVZzg¬zy»Zˆk™Dƒñ:ÜsZkÃzgZV$»hŠZgIZc*ìÉZkÃYGZŠgppZzgZk~¥s»hÌŠc*ìXZsxä„YGZŠ~úg]ÆX‰»E+™{HìŠ*èZ<ØZzgZ2~ZyÅZŠÌÏnÌ7QXZ¤/Š*Š‚¾~Ë(úg]ÃhzgZV$ÌŠc*ŠHåÂZk~Z+ÑZ_gÄŠ~‰úgÂVÅZq-(,~®ZŠZyÑZ_6,7gZ:ZF,CZzghzgZV$øzxƒYC‰X

Zsx~ç~»hzgZV$:ç~ZLØCÙÆyÅõƒZzg˜yƒCìYGZŠÆ¦ƒä~Zk»Z뙊Zgƒ@*

ìXZsxäç~ÃzgZV$~£tŠñ�ZkÅŠzßg'�XZ¤/ØCÙ»gCeÔ7@*7Cc*7,7@*7,7CñŠ:ƒÂç~ÃÀYGZŠ»aåðzAÇpZ¤/

ØCÙ»gCeÔ7@*7Cc*7,7@*7,7CñŠƒÂç~ÃÀYGZŠ»MZVzAÇZzgZ¤/çc*VZq-ÐiZZ+ƒVƒaåðc*MZ,z~Ñq-ƒVÏXZg�á›!*g~¬\ì:

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Belton Publisher Chicogo/London/toronto/1974,Vol.9,pg:585

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