The lower limb of Australopithecus sediba Bernhard Zipfel

Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand

 

Lee R. Berger

University of the Witwatersrand

Jeremy M. DeSilva

Boston University

Kristian J. Carlson

University of the Witwatersrand

Steven E. Churchill

Duke UniversityKenneth G. Holt

Sagent College

Christopher S. Walker

Duke University

Robert S. Kidd

University of Western Sydney

Eve Boyle

Boston University

Photograph: P Schmit

Adapted from Zipfel et al. (2011)

E

U.W. 88-97 - 99

U.W. 88-21

U.W. 88-22 U.W. 88-33

Tibia

U.W. 88-97

Talus

U.W. 88-98

Calcaneus

U.W. 88-99

Virtual preparation: Kristian Carlson

Zipfel et al. (2011)

Tibia

U.W. 88-97

Tibia

U.W. 88-21

Distal tibia morphology

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Image: P Schmit

Steven E. Churchill

Duke University

Talus

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□ Homo sapiens♀

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F Female groupcentroid M Male groupcentroid

U.W. 88-98 FM

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Calcaneus

Calcaneus: canonical variates analysis

Zipfel et al. (2011)

Normal foot pronation imprint in sand with well formed arch

Hyperpronation. Flattened arch.

Uncompensated Compensated

LPP

Tibia

U.W. 88-97

Talus

U.W. 88-98

MH2 U.W. 88-99

Virtual preparation: Kristian Carlson

Zipfel et al. (2011)

Human (Jamon)

Acknowledgements• A Leenen - Palaeontological Scientific Trust (PAST)

• E Mbua, P Kiura, V Iminjili – National Museums of Kenya

• Tanzania Commission for Science and Technology

• South African Heritage Resources Agency

• Nash family

• Department of Science and Technology (DST)

• NRF

• Mellon Foundation

• Africa Array Programme

• S Potze and L Kgasi – Ditsong Museum

• B. de Klerk, B. Louw, B. Nkosi, F. Ndaba and D. Mithi – University of the Witwatersrand

• Cleveland Museum of Natural History

• Harvard Museum of Comparative Zoology

• Harvard Peabody Museum

• Smithsonian Institution

• American Museum of Natural History

• Chicago Field Museum, Powell-Cotton Museum

• The Natural History Museum (London)

• G Suwa – UMUT

• L Wu –IVPP

• J Brink - NMB