20 Animals That Have Been Cloned

With cloned steaks hitting supermarket shelves,

cloning is gaining momentum as a major (ahem) cash cow. Scientists have been effectively cloning animals since the early 1960s, when a Chinese embryologist cloned an

Asian carp. It’s just a matter of time until cloned humans start emerging from test tubes; meanwhile, we natural-borns are just starting to chow down on cloned meat (which the

USDA does not require producers to label). Below is a rundown of 20 animals that scientists have successfully cloned:

1. Carp

(Featured above: A common carp, as-yet-uncloned)

An Asian carp was cloned successfully in 1963; ten years later, scientist Tong Dizhou also cloned a European crucian carp.

2. Dolly the Sheep

Dolly saw the light of day in 1996. She lived until the age of six. The first cloned mammal, Dolly is considered to be a great success. Later, several hundred other Dollies were

cloned. 3. Cumulina the Mouse

Cloned in Hawa’ii in 2000, Cumulina was the first successful mouse clone. She lived until the ripe old age of two years

and seven months, a victory for her researchers. 4. Noto and Kaga (Cows)

These cows were cloned in 1998 and duplicated several thousand times. Made in Japan, the cows pave the way for

other clones engineered to produce better meat and milk. 5. Mira the Goat

Also cloned in 1998, Mira and her sisters came from a US lab

as predecessors for livestock engineered to contain pharmaceutical products beneficial for humans.

6. A Family of Pigs: Millie, Alexis, Christa, Dotcom, and Carrel

Labs intend to modify pigs so that they can grow cells and

organs that humans can use. Millie and her sisters (if you can call them that) were cloned in 2000 by a US-based company. 7. Ombretta the Mouflon

The successful cloning of this endangered animal (2000)

exemplifies how cloning can rescue a species from the brink of extinction. 8. Tetra the Rhesus Monkey

The lab monkey world received its first clone in 2000. US-based Tetra is the first in a series of cloned monkeys that scientists could use as test subjects to learn more about

diseases like diabetes. 9. Noah the Gaur

A gaur is an Asian wild ox whose numbers are dwindling. Cloned in 2001, Noah only lived for two days before dying of dysentery. 10. Rabbit

Cloned in 2001, a white rabbit like the one featured above–and its 30 clones–wasn’t given a cute name.

11. Copy Cat (CC)

This cat, cloned in 2001, was the starting gun for a pet-cloning process that may eventually become an industry. 12. Ralph the Rat

Cloned in 2002, Ralph eventually came out of the womb 15

separate times (his clones, that is). Though rats like Ralph

may eventually be used in labs, cross your fingers that his ilk won’t find their way into New York sewers.

13. Idaho Gem

Mules are sterile–unless you clone them, as proven by Idaho Gem, the pride of a 2003 American research team.

14. Prometea the Horse

An Italian team produced Prometea in 2003. They hoped to produce more Italian stallions, but their attempts failed.

Prometea birthed her own in 2008. Racehorses could come in the future.

15. Ditteaux the African Wildcat

Although African wildcats aren’t endangered, US scientists

cloned one in 2003 as a sort of template for cloning other, more vulnerable animals. 16. Dewey the Deer

This white tail, cloned at Texas A&M University in 2003, is one of those clones lacking a solid premise. His ilk are some of the most abundant game in North America; still, scientists say clones could be used to research deer genes and produce

better deer stock for hunters. As importantly, they managed to clone a deer before anyone else could do it.

17. Libby and Lilly, Ferrets

These ferrets, cloned in 2004, almost beg another “why the heck did you do that?” It turns out that ferrets are very

useful for studying human respiratory diseases, and some types are endangered.

18. Buffalo

This cloned Murrah buffalo from India could eventually become a high-volume milk source. 19. Snuppy the Dog

South Korean scientists accomplished the notoriously

challenging task of cloning a dog in 2005. Snuppy’s predecessors could be used to study human diseases. 20. Wolves: Snuwolf and Snuwolffy

Seoul National University (SNU) hit the canine cloning

jackpot again with these two gray wolves as precursors for eventual conservation projects in 2005.

List of animals that have been cloned

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This is a list of animals that have been cloned in alphabetical order. One significant aspect of this list is documenting the transition from early concerns that animal cloning procedures might be limited to a few species, that cloned animals might be physiologically abnormal, or cloning might lack utility for society.

Contents

[hide]

1 Carp

2 Cat

3 Cattle

4 Deer

5 Dog

6 Ferret

7 Frog (tadpole)

8 Fruit flies

9 Gaur

10 Goat

11 Horse

12 Mice

13 Mouflon

14 Mule

15 Pig

16 Pyrenean ibex

17 Rabbit

18 Rat

19 Rhesus Monkey

20 Sheep

21 Water Buffalo

22 Wolf

23 Zebrafish

24 References

Carp[edit]

Embryologist ... Tong Dizhou successfully inserted the DNA from a male Asian carp into the egg of a female Asian carp to create the first fish clone in 1963. In 1973 Dizhou inserted Asian carp DNA into

a European crucian carp to create the first interspecies clone.[1]

Cat[edit]

In December 2001, scientists at Texas A&M University created the first cloned cat, CC

(CopyCat).[2]

Even though CC is an exact copy of her host, they have different personalities; i.e.

CC is shy and timid, her host on the other hand is playful and curious.[3]

In 2004, the first commercially cloned cat, Little Nicky, was created by Genetic Savings &

Clone.[4]

Cattle[edit]

Gene, the first cloned calf in the world was born on February 7, 1997 at the American Breeders Service facilities in Deforest, Wisconsin, USA. Later it was transferred and kept at the Minnesota

Zoo Education Center.[5]

Three more cloned calves were born in 1998.[6]

A Holstein heifer named "Daisy" was cloned by Dr. Xiangzhong (Jerry) Yang using ear skin cells

from a high-merit cow named Aspen at the University of Connecticut in June, 1999, followed by

three additional clones, Amy, Betty, and Cathy in July, 1999.[7]

Second Chance, a Brahman bull was cloned from Chance, a beloved celebrity bull. Second

Chance was born in August, 1999 at Texas A&M University.[8]

Texas A&M University cloned a Black Angus bull named 86 Squared in November 2000, after

cells from his donor, Bull 86, had been frozen for 15 years. Both bulls exhibi t a natural resistance to Brucellosis, Tuberculosis and other diseases which can be transferred in

meat.[9][10]

In 2001 researchers at Advanced Cell Technology in Worcester, Massachusetts, USA reported that 24 successfully cloned Holstein's had been monitored from birth to the age of four. All maintained healthy stats comparable to control cattle, and reached reproductive maturity at the

proper stage.[11][12]

Two of these cloned cattle successfully mated, each producing a healthy

calf.[12]

A purebred Hereford calf clone named Chloe was born in March, 2001 at Kansas State

University's purebred research unit. This was Kansas State's first cloned calf.[13]

Millie and Emma were two female Jersey cows cloned at the University of Tennessee in 2001. They were the first calves to be produced using standard cell-culturing techniques.

Pampa, a Jersey calf, was the first animal cloned in Argentina (by the company Bio Sidus) in

August 2002.[14]

An Anatolian Grey bull (Efe) was cloned in Turkey in 2009 and four female calves from the same breed (Ece, Ecem, Nilufer, Kiraz) in 2010 by the Scientific and Technological Research Council

of Turkey (TÜBİTAK)[15]

Samrupa, the world's first Murrah buffalo calf cloned using a simple "Hand guided cloning technique" was born in February, 2009 at National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal,

India, but died due to a lung infection five days after she was born.[16]

Garima-I, a buffalo calf

cloned using an “Advanced Hand guided Cloning Technique” was born in June, 2009 at the

NDRI. Two years later in 2011, she died of a heart failure.[17][18]

Garima-II, another cloned calf

was born in August, 2010. This buffalo was inseminated with frozen-thawed semen of a progeny

tested bull and gave birth to a female calf, Mahima in January, 2013.[19]

A cloned male buffalo

calf Shresth was born in August, 2010 at the NRDI[20]

In May 2010, Got, the first Spanish Fighting Bull was cloned by Spanish scientists.[21]

Deer[edit]

Dewey was born on May 23, 2003 at Texas A&M University.[22]

Dog[edit]

South Korean scientist Hwang Woo-Suk cloned the first dog, an afghan hound named Snuppy in

2005.[23]

Later in 2005 Dr Hwang was found to have fabricated evidence in stem cell research

projects. This caused some to question the veracity of his other experiments, including Snuppy. In their investigation of Dr Hwang's publication, however, a team from Seoul National

University confirmed that Snuppy was a true clone of Tei, the DNA donor dog.[24]

Since then

South Korean scientists associated with Dr Whang have cloned many dogs[25][26][27][28]

and in

2014 it was reported that 500 people were paying Whang's company Sooam Biotech £60,000

($108,000) each to have their dogs cloned.[28]

Ferret[edit]

Clones Libby and Lilly were produced via nuclear transfer by cell fusion in 2004.[29][30]

Frog (tadpole)[edit]

In 1958, John Gurdon, then at Oxford University, explained that he had successfully cloned a frog.

He did this by using intact nuclei from somatic cells from aXenopus tadpole.[31]

This was an

important extension of work of Briggs and King in 1952 on transplanting nuclei from

embryonic blastula cells[32]

Fruit flies[edit] [33]

Five genetically identical fruit flies were produced at the lab of Dr. Vett Lloyd at Dalhousie

University in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada in 2005.

Gaur[edit]

A species of wild cattle, the first endangered species to be cloned. In 2001 at the Trans Ova Genetics in Sioux Center, Iowa, USA, a cloned Gaur was born from a surrogate domestic cow

mother. However, the calf died within 48 hours.[34]

Goat[edit]

Downen TX 63 684 (nicknamed Megan) was cloned from a top producing Boer goat born on

March 29, 2001 at Plainwell, MI.[35]

The Middle East's first and the world's fifth cloned goat, 'Hanna', has been successfully born

at Royan Institute in Isfahan, Iran. The cloned goat was developed in the surrogate uterus of a black Bakhtiari goat for 147 days and was born, Wednesday, at 1:30 a.m. through a cesarean section. She is reported to be in a good health. Hanna, also known as R-CAP-C1, is completely distinguished from other goats because of its white and henna-like color. Iran's first cloned lamb, Royana, was born September 30, 2006 in Royan institute and wasn't able to surv ive the post-natal complications common in cloned animals. Iranian researchers are looking to use cloned goats to produce the genetically modified animals required for manufacturing new recombinant medications.(April 2009)Isfahan, Iran

The world's first pashmina goat clone, produced at Centre of Animal Biotechnology at Sher -i-Kashmir Agriculture University for Science and technology (SKAUST), in Kashmir, India. It has been

named Noori, an Arabic word referring to light. Funded by World Bank, the clone project was a jointly worked by SKAUST and Karnal-based National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI).The clone has come as good news for fine fiber-producing pashmina goats, which are only spotted at an altitude of 14,000 feet in Ladakh, the coldest region of the state. The valley owes its fame, besides natural beauty, to famed fine wool of pashmina, gathered from mountainous of Ladakh after the goat sheds its wool as a natural process.The goat survives minus 40 degree Celsius temperature at an altitude of 14,000 feet. In spring, the animal sheds its fiber, called soft pashm, six times finer than human

hair. The fiber is used to spun famous kashmiri shawls, scarves, and stoles.[36]

Horse[edit]

In 2003, the world's first cloned horse, Prometea, was born.[37]

In 2006, Scamper, an extremely successful barrel racing horse, a gelding, was cloned. The

resulting stallion became the first cloned horse to stand at stud in the US.[38]

In 2013, polo star Adolfo Cambiaso helped his team win the Argentine National Open, scoring nine goals in the 16-11 match. Two of those he scored atop a horse named Show Me—a clone,

and the first to ride onto the Argentine pitch.[39]

Mice[edit]

Possibly the first cloned mammal was a mouse in 1986, in the Soviet Union.[40]

However, the

cloning was done from an embryo cell, while the sheep Dolly in 1996 was cloned from an adult cell.

The first mouse from adult cells, Cumulina, was born in 1997 at the Universit of Hawai'i at Mānoa in the laboratory of Ryuzo Yanagimachi using the Honolulu technique.

In 2008 Japanese scientists created a cloned mouse from a dead mouse that had been frozen

for 16 years. This was the first time a mammal had been cloned from frozen cells.[41]

Mouflon[edit]

An endangered species, the Mouflon was the first to live past infancy. Cloned 2001[42]

Mule[edit]

Idaho Gem (male, May 2003)[43]

Utah Pioneer (male, June 2003)

Idaho Star (male, July 2003)

Pig[edit]

5 Scottish PPL piglets (Jose, Josúe, Juan, Amber and Jose) (March 5, 2000)[44]

Xena (female, August 2000)[45]

BGI, China was reported to be producing 500 cloned pigs a year to test new medicines (January

2014)[46]

Pyrenean ibex[edit]

In 2009, one clone was alive, but died seven minutes later, due to physical defects in the lungs. Th e Pyrenean Ibex became the first taxon ever to come back from extinction, for a period of seven minutes in January 2009. This was a huge achievement for scientists and helped them believe that

they could start bringing back extinct animals.[47]

Rabbit[edit]

[48]

In France (March–April, 2003)[49]

Rat[edit]

Ralph (male, 2003)[29]

Rhesus Monkey[edit]

Tetra (female, October 1999) by embryo splitting.[50]

Cloned embryos (November 2007) by transfer of DNA from adult cells.[51]

Sheep[edit]

From early embryonic cells by Steen Willadsen(1986). Megan and Morag cloned from differentiated embryonic cells in June 1995.

Dolly (1996–2003), first cloned mammal from somatic cells

Royana (2006) cloned in Royan Research Institute in Isfahan, Iran

Oyalı[52][53]

and Zarife[54]

were cloned in November 2007 in Istanbul University in Istanbul, Turkey.

Water Buffalo[edit]

The world's first Water Buffalo was cloned either in Beijing China[55]

in 2005 or at National Dairy

Research Institute, Karnal, India, in 2009 "Samrupa", the world's first cloned Water Buffalo calf,

which died a week later from a lung infection.[56]

Wolf[edit]

An endangered species of wolf cloned by South Korean scientists including the controversial scientist Hwang Woo-Suk

There are two cloned wolves in a zoo in South Korea for public view, they are called Snuwolf and Snuwolffy which are names taken from the university in South Korea, Seoul National

University.[57]

Zebrafish[edit]

In 2009, Siripattarapravat et al. published, in the Nature Methods journal,[58]

a method for somatic

cell nuclear transfer in zebrafish.