ZOOLOGYZOOLOGY

Bill PalmerBill Palmer

CNIDARIA

“The Stingers”

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Includes:

Stinging Jellyfish

Hydra (freshwater)

Anemone

Coral

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Most are marine

Some are fresh water

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This phylum is named for the stinging cells found on all members called

cnidocytes

The phylum is also called the Coelenterates which means “hollow gut”

They also have tentacles

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Medusa-has a bell-shaped body

Polyp-has a vase-shaped body

MEDUSA

POLYP

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FeedingCapture prey and paralyze it with coiled stinging cells called nematocysts

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FeedingInside is hollow and is called the Gastrovascular Cavity or Coelenteron

Prey is digested in cavity and waste is expelled through mouth

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Three Classes (about 15,000 species)

Hydrozoa-3700 species

Scyphozoa-5,000 species

Anthozoa-6,100 species

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Class Hydrozoa3,700 species

Most in Ocean

Hydra lives in fresh water

Hydra is white or brown or dark green

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Class HydrozoaHydra feeds by capturing prey as it floats by

Prey gets tangled in tentacles

Tentacles push pray towards mouth

Reproduce by budding (asexually) in warm times

Reproduce by sperm and egg (sexually) in cool temps

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Hydra

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Class Hydrozoa

Some hydras are solitary; some are colonial

Other members include:Obelia

Physalia (Portuguese-Man-O-War)– May be 3 ft in diameter and tentacles to 80 feet– Sting Humans on beach-even when washed on

shore

CNIDARIAPortuguese Man of War

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Class ScyphozoaAbout 5,000 species

Cup animals-most jellyfish

May be from ½ inch to 12 feet in diameter

May kill people-Sea Wasp kills more people than sharks!

CNIDARIASea Wasps (Box Jellyfish)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ws5hImeonEA

Irukandji

CNIDARIAStings from jelly fish

://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R_On_guX9WI

CNIDARIAStings from jelly fish

What is best treatment for Jellyfish sting????

Stay Safe. As always, safety is the most important step. Jellyfish tentacles (nematocysts) may still be on the skin. If the species is known to be box jellyfish (Chironex fleckeri) or Irukandji (Carukia barnesi), get emergency medical help immediately. For box jellyfish stings, vinegar may help (see tips).

Rinse the tentacles off. Rinse away the tentacles using hot water if possible (see step 5 for how hot). If heated water isn't available, use salt water rather than fresh. Fresh

water may worsen the stinging pain.

Peel off the tentacles. Remove any remaining tentacles with a gloved hand, stick, shell or tweezers. Be careful not to get the tentacles on yourself or on clothing.

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Class Anthozoa6,100 species

Sea anemones and corals

Sea anemones may have symbiotic relationship with clown fish

Fish lives in tentacles and is immune to sting

Fish eats scraps of food and is protected from predators

Anemone is kept clean of debris

CNIDARIASea Anemone

Sea Anemone

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o1A5acWEERA&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0TbUnFqfVvk&feature=related

CNIDARIASea Anemone with Clownfish

://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hyYW0mr-e7k

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Class AnthozoaCorals a small cnidarians that build reefs

Fringing reef-close to beach

Barrier reefs farther from beach-Great Barrier Reef in Australia

Atolls-Reefs with open lagoon in middle, may be top of a volcano-Bikini Atoll-for the swim suit (she wore no bikini atoll)

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Fan Coral

Brain Coral

Colonial Coral

CNIDARIABarrier Reefs-Fringing

CNIDARIABarrier Reefs-Barrier

CNIDARIABarrier Reefs-Atoll

CNIDARIABarrier Reefs-Bikini Atoll

CNIDARIABarrier Reefs-NO Bikini Atoll

CNIDERIA: Wrap-ups

1. List four examples of Cnideria.

2. What are the main characteristics of the phylum Cnideria?

3. What is the difference between a medusa and a polyp?

4. How do Cnideria feed?

5. What are the three classes of Cnideria? Characteristics? Example?

CNIDERIA: Wrap-ups6. What is the common name of Physalia?

7. What is the best treatment for a jellyfish sting? What is an urban legend for jellyfish sting treatment?

8. What is a Irukandji? How big? Where found? Why unusual?

9. What is a Sea Anemone? What animal forms a symbiotic relationship[p with an anemone?

10. Why are corals an important Cnideria?