zoonotic helminthiasis prof pratiwi ts semester v 1nematoda -zoonosis-1 pts they are like...

ZOONOTIC helminthiasis

Prof Pratiwi TS

Semester V

1NEMATODA -ZOONOSIS-1 pts

They are like monsters

Parasitic zoonoses

Fleas Mites Ticks Hydatids Visceral larva migrans (Toxocara canis

T cati Toxascaris leonina)

Cutaneous larva migrans (Ancylostoma caninum Uncinaria stenocephala)

Trichinellosis Fascioliasis Swimmerrsquos itch (Cercaria longicauda)


Helminth parasitic worm (Greek)ndash Platyhelminthes (flukes tapeworms)ndash Nematodes- (roundworms) literally means

ldquothread-likerdquo

Pathogenic helminths are some of most common parasites

Worlwide distribution


ZOONOTIC HELMINTHIASIS

Toxocariasis (visceralocular larval migrans)ndash Toxocara canis T cati

Meningoencephalitisndash Balysascaris procyonis

Trichinosisndash Trichinella spiralis

Taeniasisndash Taenia soleum T saginata

Hydatid diseasendash Echinococcus granulosus E multilocularis


NEMATODES

Life cyclendash Reproduction

bull Amphimictic (sexual)bull Parthenogenetic (from eggs without fertilization)bull Hermaphroditic (possess both male and female

organs or reproduction)bull Oviparous ndash eggs hatch after laidbull Ovoviviparous ndash eggs hatch within uterus live young

expelledndash Types of life cycle

bull Direct- intermediate host not requiredbull Indirect ndash intermediate host required


TRICHINOSIS (1)

Agent ndash Trichinella spiralis - intestinal nematode of

many wild and domestic carnivores and omnivores

ndash T nativa - Arctic bearsndash T pseudospiralis - mammals and birdsndash T nelsoni - African predators and scavengersndash T britovi - carnivores in Europe Western Asia

Other names for diseasendash trichinellosisndash trichiniasis


Larva in cyst from muscleLarva from Alaskan bear


Agent



Life cyclendash larva released from ingested cystndash invade mucosa of small intestine where they

develop into adultsndash after 4 weeks (life span in intestine) females

release larva that migrate to striated musclendash encystment complete in 4-5 weeks

bull note T pseudospiralis does not encyst

ndash may remain viable for several years



Reservoirndash swine dogs cats rodents many wild animals

especially bears boars marine mammals and large felids

Occurrence ndash worldwide most common in Europe and USndash age adjusted incidence rate 2

Epidemiology


Epidemiology Transmission

ndash ingestion of raw or undercooked meatbull pork and pork productsbull bear meatbull marine mammal meatbull hamburger adulterated with pork


Clinical features Incubation period

ndash generally 8-14 days up to 45 days Symptoms

ndash from inapparent to highly fatalndash myalgiandash edema - periorbital and facial edemandash conjunctivitisndash feverndash eosinophiliandash gastrointestinal - diarrhea pain vomiting


Clinical features

Life threatening symptomsndashmyocarditisndashCNS involvementndashpneumonitis


Diagnosis Serology

ndash EIAbull ES (excretory-secretory) products - TLS-1 surface

antigens conserved in all species can be used for detection in animals or humans

bull Ab levels not present until 3-5 weeks post infection - IgM IgG IgE peak in 2-3 months

bull IgG most sensitivebull used for routine screening

ndash Bentonite flocculation Muscle biopsy Microscopic examination


TRICHINOSIS

Diagnosis detection of larvae in muscle


TRICHINOSIS

Treatment Anthelmintics

ndash mebendazole (Vermoxreg)ndash only effective against intestinal stages not

encysted stage Corticosteriods

ndash decrease severity of symptoms during muscle invasion phase


TRICHINOSIS

Prevention Proper cooking of pork and pork products

and meat from wild animalsndash internal temperature should reach 160ordmF (71ordmC)

Irradiation of food effectivendash low level gamma - sterilizationndash higher levels - effectively kills trichinae

Freezing will inactivate larvae of T spiralis but not of T nativa (arctic strains)


Trichinella spiralis ndash trichinellosis

Rodent gt pig cycleHuman infection from eating undercooked pork


Dogs cats Toxocara sp Toxascaris Horses Parascaris equorum Swine Ascaris suum Cattle Neoascaris (Toxocara) vitulorum

Roundworms

NEMATODA -ZOONOSIS-1 pts 20

Toxocariasis (2)

Toxocara canis Toxocara catti Toxocara vitulorum


TOXOCARA VITULORUM


Studi epidemiology

bull 5424-76 Garut (Simon dan Syahrial 1992)

bull 70-100 Srilanka (Robert 1992)

bull 89 Myanmar (Lorh et al 1986)

bull 75 Bali (Gunawan dan Putra 1982)

Hasil Pengamatan UBbull 76 Malang Selatan (Ifar dan Pratiwi 1991 ndash INRES)

bull 89 Nganjuk (Pratiwi dkk 1993 - STD3 )bull

SIKLUS HIDUP



Visceral larva migrans


Cutaneous larva migrans

Uncinaria stenocephalaAncylostoma caninum

Direct penetration of the skin by hookworm 3rd stage

larvae which develop in the environment from eggs shed

in dog or cat faeces


Ascarids of dogs and cats

Toxocara canis T Cati Toxascaris leonina Very common amp important roundworms virtually all puppies amp kittens are

infected early in life zoonotic cause visceral amp ocular

larval migrans in humans


Cutaneous Larval Migrans Hookworms (Ancylostoma and

Uncinaria) can produce cutaneous larval migrans

Eggs are passed Larva develop and penetrate human

skin- cases of walking barefoot in yard- Australia

Ingestion of worms leads to intestinal problems



Toxocara cati Common roundworm of wild and

domestic felids Very common in kittens Rare in dogs Common in feral cats wild felids as

result of ingesting paratenic hosts rodents chickens birds earthworms

cockroaches ruminants etc Milk based transmission only NO transplacental transmission


Adults in small intestine rarr eggs (lots) in fecesInfective larva develops within egg in ~2-4 weeksEgg with larva ingested

Larva hatches in duodenum

Life cycle of T canis


Larval migrationpathway amp fate of larvae varies with host age and susceptibility

young hostslt12 weeks liver-lungtracheal migration

older hosts gt 12 weeks liver-lungsomatic migration



Summary T canis transmission

Transplacental transmission to fetal liver via activated hypobiotic larvae in bitch

Ingestion of

Egg in environment with infective larva



Larvae from colostrum or milk of dam Hypobiotic larvae in paratenic host tissues Eggs larvae or immature worms in puppy vomit or feces

Hookworms of dogs and cats


Hookworms amp Roundworms




Carried by dogs and cats Kids often get infected from

playing in sand boxes which animals have defecated

Or by putting toys in their mouth which have been on the ground


Can penetrate the skin and gain entry into the human body

Bare feet are a common route of entry

Hookworms (3)

Wearing shoes is one of the best ways to

prevent parasites from entering your feet


Hookworm transmissionL3 (infective larvae) can be acquired by 1 Skin penetration 2 Ingestion In food or water Lactogenic transmission major source of infection of puppies Ingestion of arrested larvae in paratenic hosts 3 Transplacental route ~unimportant


Ancylostoma caninum(4)

1048699 Very common in dogs of all ages in midwest1048699 More significant problem in south amp central US1048699 Infectious larval stage (L3) survive best in moistsandy-loam soils at moderate temperatures1048699 do not survive freezing1048699 do not survive at temps gt37 ordmC1048699 Clinical cases more common during warm weather


Hookworms of dogs and catsAncylostoma caninum1048699 common hookworm of dogs1048699 very rare in cats1048699 most pathogenic hookworm indogscats A tubaeforme1048699 common hookworm of felids1048699 rare in dogs


Uncinaria stenocephala (5)More prevalent in northern US1048699 less common amp less pathogenic than Acaninum because it sucks less blood1048699 Structure eggs slightly larger than A caninum1048699 Lactogenic transmission important1048699 No prenatal transmission


Persistent hookworm infectionSource of infection hypobiotic larvae in SI mucosa or muscles

1 Larvae ldquoleakrdquo out of these sites ~continuously and reach the SI lumen1048699 if animal already has adults in SI probably shed into lumen and expelled1048699 if no hookworms present develop to adults

2 If adult hookworms killed by an anthelmintic arrested larvae can be activated and quickly repopulate the SI





Hookworms Public health importance Cause cutaneous larval

migrans (CLM)1048699 linear tortuous erythematous and intensely pruritic eruptions caused by migration of nematode larvae in humans

1048699 Most commonly caused by A braziliense 1048699 A caninum U stenocephala Bunostomum spp amp Strongyloides spp can also cause CLM1048699 Known as ldquobarnyard itchrdquo ldquocreeping eruptionrdquoor ldquoground itchrdquo


Typical clinical signs in pups

1048699 Pot-belly1048699 Ill thrift1048699 Dull dry hair coat1048699 Abdominal discomfort1048699 Vomiting1048699 Mucoid diarrhea1048699 may alternate with constipation1048699 Toxocara in vomitfeces


Trichinella in muscle


49

Pinworm (Enterobius (4))

Extremely common most notable in young children

400000000 worldwide

Direct life cycle

Female 8-13 mm

Male 2-5 mmImage from OSU

wwwemedicinecommedimages18381jpgNEMATODA -ZOONOSIS-1 pts

50

Pinworm (Enterobius)Eggs ingested

Larvae hatch in small intestine (2 molts) and migrate to colon

Mature and mate

Females (containing ~10000 eggs) migrate out of

anus and lay eggs on anal skin after explosive evagination of uterus

Eggs become infective (embryonate) after 6 hNEMATODA -ZOONOSIS-1 pts

51

Pinworm (Enterobius)

INTENSE ANAL ITCHING ndash main symptombut many persons with low level carriage are asymptomatic

Diagnosis

characteristic eggs on anal skin - detected using clear sticky tape (Scotch tape test) Sometimes worms seen in feces

NEMATODA -ZOONOSIS-1 pts

52

Whipworm ndash Trichuris (5)

Similar life cycle to pinworm except adults live in colon and females release ~5000 eggsday directly into feces

Eggs take ~3-4 weeks to become infectious (embryonate) in soil

Infection by ingesting embryonated eggs


53

Whipworm - Trichuris

Often coinfecting with hookworm and Ascaris 1 billion personsExtremely heavy infections can cause rectal prolapse


54

Egg shape and size allows you to identify a helminth Fecal preps

Fluke eggsOften have a cap

ldquooperculumrdquo

Roundworms

Tapeworms

Flukes

Urine and feces

Sputum and feces


Tugas presentasi



Parasitic zoonoses

Slide 3


NEMATODES

TRICHINOSIS (1)

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

Slide 10

Epidemiology

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

TRICHINOSIS (2)

TRICHINOSIS (3)

TRICHINOSIS (4)

Slide 19

Roundworms

Toxocariasis (2)

TOXOCARA VITULORUM

SIKLUS HIDUP

Slide 24

Slide 25

Slide 26


Cutaneous Larval Migrans

Slide 29

Toxocara cati


Life cycle of T canis (2)


Slide 34



Hookworms amp Roundworms (2)

Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42

Slide 43

Slide 44

Slide 45

Slide 46

Slide 47




Pinworm (Enterobius) (2)



Slide 54

Slide 55

Parasitic zoonoses

Fleas Mites Ticks Hydatids Visceral larva migrans (Toxocara canis

T cati Toxascaris leonina)

Cutaneous larva migrans (Ancylostoma caninum Uncinaria stenocephala)

Trichinellosis Fascioliasis Swimmerrsquos itch (Cercaria longicauda)














NEMATODES







TRICHINOSIS (1)








Agent













Epidemiology









Clinical features



Diagnosis Serology







TRICHINOSIS



TRICHINOSIS






TRICHINOSIS










Roundworms


Toxocariasis (2)



TOXOCARA VITULORUM


Studi epidemiology







SIKLUS HIDUP







































Ingestion of

















Hookworms (3)





























49



400000000 worldwide

Direct life cycle

Female 8-13 mm



50



Mature and mate




51



Diagnosis



52






53




54



ldquooperculumrdquo

Roundworms

Tapeworms

Flukes

Urine and feces

Sputum and feces


Tugas presentasi



Parasitic zoonoses

Slide 3


NEMATODES

TRICHINOSIS (1)

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

Slide 10

Epidemiology

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

TRICHINOSIS (2)

TRICHINOSIS (3)

TRICHINOSIS (4)

Slide 19

Roundworms

Toxocariasis (2)

TOXOCARA VITULORUM

SIKLUS HIDUP

Slide 24

Slide 25

Slide 26



Slide 29

Toxocara cati




Slide 34




Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42

Slide 43

Slide 44

Slide 45

Slide 46

Slide 47







Slide 54

Slide 55













NEMATODES







TRICHINOSIS (1)








Agent













Epidemiology









Clinical features



Diagnosis Serology







TRICHINOSIS



TRICHINOSIS






TRICHINOSIS










Roundworms


Toxocariasis (2)



TOXOCARA VITULORUM


Studi epidemiology







SIKLUS HIDUP







































Ingestion of

















Hookworms (3)





























49



400000000 worldwide

Direct life cycle

Female 8-13 mm



50



Mature and mate




51



Diagnosis



52






53




54



ldquooperculumrdquo

Roundworms

Tapeworms

Flukes

Urine and feces

Sputum and feces


Tugas presentasi



Parasitic zoonoses

Slide 3


NEMATODES

TRICHINOSIS (1)

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

Slide 10

Epidemiology

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

TRICHINOSIS (2)

TRICHINOSIS (3)

TRICHINOSIS (4)

Slide 19

Roundworms

Toxocariasis (2)

TOXOCARA VITULORUM

SIKLUS HIDUP

Slide 24

Slide 25

Slide 26



Slide 29

Toxocara cati




Slide 34




Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42

Slide 43

Slide 44

Slide 45

Slide 46

Slide 47







Slide 54

Slide 55

TRICHINOSIS (1)








Agent













Epidemiology









Clinical features



Diagnosis Serology







TRICHINOSIS



TRICHINOSIS






TRICHINOSIS










Roundworms


Toxocariasis (2)



TOXOCARA VITULORUM


Studi epidemiology







SIKLUS HIDUP







































Ingestion of

















Hookworms (3)





























49



400000000 worldwide

Direct life cycle

Female 8-13 mm



50



Mature and mate




51



Diagnosis



52






53




54



ldquooperculumrdquo

Roundworms

Tapeworms

Flukes

Urine and feces

Sputum and feces


Tugas presentasi



Parasitic zoonoses

Slide 3


NEMATODES

TRICHINOSIS (1)

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

Slide 10

Epidemiology

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

TRICHINOSIS (2)

TRICHINOSIS (3)

TRICHINOSIS (4)

Slide 19

Roundworms

Toxocariasis (2)

TOXOCARA VITULORUM

SIKLUS HIDUP

Slide 24

Slide 25

Slide 26



Slide 29

Toxocara cati




Slide 34




Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42

Slide 43

Slide 44

Slide 45

Slide 46

Slide 47







Slide 54

Slide 55



Agent













Epidemiology









Clinical features



Diagnosis Serology







TRICHINOSIS



TRICHINOSIS






TRICHINOSIS










Roundworms


Toxocariasis (2)



TOXOCARA VITULORUM


Studi epidemiology







SIKLUS HIDUP







































Ingestion of

















Hookworms (3)





























49



400000000 worldwide

Direct life cycle

Female 8-13 mm



50



Mature and mate




51



Diagnosis



52






53




54



ldquooperculumrdquo

Roundworms

Tapeworms

Flukes

Urine and feces

Sputum and feces


Tugas presentasi



Parasitic zoonoses

Slide 3


NEMATODES

TRICHINOSIS (1)

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

Slide 10

Epidemiology

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

TRICHINOSIS (2)

TRICHINOSIS (3)

TRICHINOSIS (4)

Slide 19

Roundworms

Toxocariasis (2)

TOXOCARA VITULORUM

SIKLUS HIDUP

Slide 24

Slide 25

Slide 26



Slide 29

Toxocara cati




Slide 34




Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42

Slide 43

Slide 44

Slide 45

Slide 46

Slide 47







Slide 54

Slide 55











Epidemiology









Clinical features



Diagnosis Serology







TRICHINOSIS



TRICHINOSIS






TRICHINOSIS










Roundworms


Toxocariasis (2)



TOXOCARA VITULORUM


Studi epidemiology







SIKLUS HIDUP







































Ingestion of

















Hookworms (3)





























49



400000000 worldwide

Direct life cycle

Female 8-13 mm



50



Mature and mate




51



Diagnosis



52






53




54



ldquooperculumrdquo

Roundworms

Tapeworms

Flukes

Urine and feces

Sputum and feces


Tugas presentasi



Parasitic zoonoses

Slide 3


NEMATODES

TRICHINOSIS (1)

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

Slide 10

Epidemiology

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

TRICHINOSIS (2)

TRICHINOSIS (3)

TRICHINOSIS (4)

Slide 19

Roundworms

Toxocariasis (2)

TOXOCARA VITULORUM

SIKLUS HIDUP

Slide 24

Slide 25

Slide 26



Slide 29

Toxocara cati




Slide 34




Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42

Slide 43

Slide 44

Slide 45

Slide 46

Slide 47







Slide 54

Slide 55








Clinical features



Diagnosis Serology







TRICHINOSIS



TRICHINOSIS






TRICHINOSIS










Roundworms


Toxocariasis (2)



TOXOCARA VITULORUM


Studi epidemiology







SIKLUS HIDUP







































Ingestion of

















Hookworms (3)





























49



400000000 worldwide

Direct life cycle

Female 8-13 mm



50



Mature and mate




51



Diagnosis



52






53




54



ldquooperculumrdquo

Roundworms

Tapeworms

Flukes

Urine and feces

Sputum and feces


Tugas presentasi



Parasitic zoonoses

Slide 3


NEMATODES

TRICHINOSIS (1)

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

Slide 10

Epidemiology

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

TRICHINOSIS (2)

TRICHINOSIS (3)

TRICHINOSIS (4)

Slide 19

Roundworms

Toxocariasis (2)

TOXOCARA VITULORUM

SIKLUS HIDUP

Slide 24

Slide 25

Slide 26



Slide 29

Toxocara cati




Slide 34




Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42

Slide 43

Slide 44

Slide 45

Slide 46

Slide 47







Slide 54

Slide 55

Diagnosis Serology







TRICHINOSIS



TRICHINOSIS






TRICHINOSIS










Roundworms


Toxocariasis (2)



TOXOCARA VITULORUM


Studi epidemiology







SIKLUS HIDUP







































Ingestion of

















Hookworms (3)





























49



400000000 worldwide

Direct life cycle

Female 8-13 mm



50



Mature and mate




51



Diagnosis



52






53




54



ldquooperculumrdquo

Roundworms

Tapeworms

Flukes

Urine and feces

Sputum and feces


Tugas presentasi



Parasitic zoonoses

Slide 3


NEMATODES

TRICHINOSIS (1)

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

Slide 10

Epidemiology

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

TRICHINOSIS (2)

TRICHINOSIS (3)

TRICHINOSIS (4)

Slide 19

Roundworms

Toxocariasis (2)

TOXOCARA VITULORUM

SIKLUS HIDUP

Slide 24

Slide 25

Slide 26



Slide 29

Toxocara cati




Slide 34




Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42

Slide 43

Slide 44

Slide 45

Slide 46

Slide 47







Slide 54

Slide 55

TRICHINOSIS



TRICHINOSIS






TRICHINOSIS










Roundworms


Toxocariasis (2)



TOXOCARA VITULORUM


Studi epidemiology







SIKLUS HIDUP







































Ingestion of

















Hookworms (3)





























49



400000000 worldwide

Direct life cycle

Female 8-13 mm



50



Mature and mate




51



Diagnosis



52






53




54



ldquooperculumrdquo

Roundworms

Tapeworms

Flukes

Urine and feces

Sputum and feces


Tugas presentasi



Parasitic zoonoses

Slide 3


NEMATODES

TRICHINOSIS (1)

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

Slide 10

Epidemiology

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

TRICHINOSIS (2)

TRICHINOSIS (3)

TRICHINOSIS (4)

Slide 19

Roundworms

Toxocariasis (2)

TOXOCARA VITULORUM

SIKLUS HIDUP

Slide 24

Slide 25

Slide 26



Slide 29

Toxocara cati




Slide 34




Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42

Slide 43

Slide 44

Slide 45

Slide 46

Slide 47







Slide 54

Slide 55

TRICHINOSIS






TRICHINOSIS










Roundworms


Toxocariasis (2)



TOXOCARA VITULORUM


Studi epidemiology







SIKLUS HIDUP







































Ingestion of

















Hookworms (3)





























49



400000000 worldwide

Direct life cycle

Female 8-13 mm



50



Mature and mate




51



Diagnosis



52






53




54



ldquooperculumrdquo

Roundworms

Tapeworms

Flukes

Urine and feces

Sputum and feces


Tugas presentasi



Parasitic zoonoses

Slide 3


NEMATODES

TRICHINOSIS (1)

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

Slide 10

Epidemiology

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

TRICHINOSIS (2)

TRICHINOSIS (3)

TRICHINOSIS (4)

Slide 19

Roundworms

Toxocariasis (2)

TOXOCARA VITULORUM

SIKLUS HIDUP

Slide 24

Slide 25

Slide 26



Slide 29

Toxocara cati




Slide 34




Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42

Slide 43

Slide 44

Slide 45

Slide 46

Slide 47







Slide 54

Slide 55

TRICHINOSIS










Roundworms


Toxocariasis (2)



TOXOCARA VITULORUM


Studi epidemiology







SIKLUS HIDUP







































Ingestion of

















Hookworms (3)





























49



400000000 worldwide

Direct life cycle

Female 8-13 mm



50



Mature and mate




51



Diagnosis



52






53




54



ldquooperculumrdquo

Roundworms

Tapeworms

Flukes

Urine and feces

Sputum and feces


Tugas presentasi



Parasitic zoonoses

Slide 3


NEMATODES

TRICHINOSIS (1)

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

Slide 10

Epidemiology

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

TRICHINOSIS (2)

TRICHINOSIS (3)

TRICHINOSIS (4)

Slide 19

Roundworms

Toxocariasis (2)

TOXOCARA VITULORUM

SIKLUS HIDUP

Slide 24

Slide 25

Slide 26



Slide 29

Toxocara cati




Slide 34




Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42

Slide 43

Slide 44

Slide 45

Slide 46

Slide 47







Slide 54

Slide 55





Roundworms


Toxocariasis (2)



TOXOCARA VITULORUM


Studi epidemiology







SIKLUS HIDUP







































Ingestion of

















Hookworms (3)





























49



400000000 worldwide

Direct life cycle

Female 8-13 mm



50



Mature and mate




51



Diagnosis



52






53




54



ldquooperculumrdquo

Roundworms

Tapeworms

Flukes

Urine and feces

Sputum and feces


Tugas presentasi



Parasitic zoonoses

Slide 3


NEMATODES

TRICHINOSIS (1)

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

Slide 10

Epidemiology

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

TRICHINOSIS (2)

TRICHINOSIS (3)

TRICHINOSIS (4)

Slide 19

Roundworms

Toxocariasis (2)

TOXOCARA VITULORUM

SIKLUS HIDUP

Slide 24

Slide 25

Slide 26



Slide 29

Toxocara cati




Slide 34




Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42

Slide 43

Slide 44

Slide 45

Slide 46

Slide 47







Slide 54

Slide 55

Toxocariasis (2)



TOXOCARA VITULORUM


Studi epidemiology







SIKLUS HIDUP







































Ingestion of

















Hookworms (3)





























49



400000000 worldwide

Direct life cycle

Female 8-13 mm



50



Mature and mate




51



Diagnosis



52






53




54



ldquooperculumrdquo

Roundworms

Tapeworms

Flukes

Urine and feces

Sputum and feces


Tugas presentasi



Parasitic zoonoses

Slide 3


NEMATODES

TRICHINOSIS (1)

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

Slide 10

Epidemiology

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

TRICHINOSIS (2)

TRICHINOSIS (3)

TRICHINOSIS (4)

Slide 19

Roundworms

Toxocariasis (2)

TOXOCARA VITULORUM

SIKLUS HIDUP

Slide 24

Slide 25

Slide 26



Slide 29

Toxocara cati




Slide 34




Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42

Slide 43

Slide 44

Slide 45

Slide 46

Slide 47







Slide 54

Slide 55

TOXOCARA VITULORUM


Studi epidemiology







SIKLUS HIDUP







































Ingestion of

















Hookworms (3)





























49



400000000 worldwide

Direct life cycle

Female 8-13 mm



50



Mature and mate




51



Diagnosis



52






53




54



ldquooperculumrdquo

Roundworms

Tapeworms

Flukes

Urine and feces

Sputum and feces


Tugas presentasi



Parasitic zoonoses

Slide 3


NEMATODES

TRICHINOSIS (1)

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

Slide 10

Epidemiology

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

TRICHINOSIS (2)

TRICHINOSIS (3)

TRICHINOSIS (4)

Slide 19

Roundworms

Toxocariasis (2)

TOXOCARA VITULORUM

SIKLUS HIDUP

Slide 24

Slide 25

Slide 26



Slide 29

Toxocara cati




Slide 34




Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42

Slide 43

Slide 44

Slide 45

Slide 46

Slide 47







Slide 54

Slide 55

SIKLUS HIDUP







































Ingestion of

















Hookworms (3)





























49



400000000 worldwide

Direct life cycle

Female 8-13 mm



50



Mature and mate




51



Diagnosis



52






53




54



ldquooperculumrdquo

Roundworms

Tapeworms

Flukes

Urine and feces

Sputum and feces


Tugas presentasi



Parasitic zoonoses

Slide 3


NEMATODES

TRICHINOSIS (1)

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

Slide 10

Epidemiology

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

TRICHINOSIS (2)

TRICHINOSIS (3)

TRICHINOSIS (4)

Slide 19

Roundworms

Toxocariasis (2)

TOXOCARA VITULORUM

SIKLUS HIDUP

Slide 24

Slide 25

Slide 26



Slide 29

Toxocara cati




Slide 34




Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42

Slide 43

Slide 44

Slide 45

Slide 46

Slide 47







Slide 54

Slide 55






































Ingestion of

















Hookworms (3)





























49



400000000 worldwide

Direct life cycle

Female 8-13 mm



50



Mature and mate




51



Diagnosis



52






53




54



ldquooperculumrdquo

Roundworms

Tapeworms

Flukes

Urine and feces

Sputum and feces


Tugas presentasi



Parasitic zoonoses

Slide 3


NEMATODES

TRICHINOSIS (1)

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

Slide 10

Epidemiology

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

TRICHINOSIS (2)

TRICHINOSIS (3)

TRICHINOSIS (4)

Slide 19

Roundworms

Toxocariasis (2)

TOXOCARA VITULORUM

SIKLUS HIDUP

Slide 24

Slide 25

Slide 26



Slide 29

Toxocara cati




Slide 34




Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42

Slide 43

Slide 44

Slide 45

Slide 46

Slide 47







Slide 54

Slide 55















Hookworms (3)





























49



400000000 worldwide

Direct life cycle

Female 8-13 mm



50



Mature and mate




51



Diagnosis



52






53




54



ldquooperculumrdquo

Roundworms

Tapeworms

Flukes

Urine and feces

Sputum and feces


Tugas presentasi



Parasitic zoonoses

Slide 3


NEMATODES

TRICHINOSIS (1)

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

Slide 10

Epidemiology

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

TRICHINOSIS (2)

TRICHINOSIS (3)

TRICHINOSIS (4)

Slide 19

Roundworms

Toxocariasis (2)

TOXOCARA VITULORUM

SIKLUS HIDUP

Slide 24

Slide 25

Slide 26



Slide 29

Toxocara cati




Slide 34




Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42

Slide 43

Slide 44

Slide 45

Slide 46

Slide 47







Slide 54

Slide 55





























49



400000000 worldwide

Direct life cycle

Female 8-13 mm



50



Mature and mate




51



Diagnosis



52






53




54



ldquooperculumrdquo

Roundworms

Tapeworms

Flukes

Urine and feces

Sputum and feces


Tugas presentasi



Parasitic zoonoses

Slide 3


NEMATODES

TRICHINOSIS (1)

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

Slide 10

Epidemiology

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

TRICHINOSIS (2)

TRICHINOSIS (3)

TRICHINOSIS (4)

Slide 19

Roundworms

Toxocariasis (2)

TOXOCARA VITULORUM

SIKLUS HIDUP

Slide 24

Slide 25

Slide 26



Slide 29

Toxocara cati




Slide 34




Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42

Slide 43

Slide 44

Slide 45

Slide 46

Slide 47







Slide 54

Slide 55

50



Mature and mate




51



Diagnosis



52






53




54



ldquooperculumrdquo

Roundworms

Tapeworms

Flukes

Urine and feces

Sputum and feces


Tugas presentasi



Parasitic zoonoses

Slide 3


NEMATODES

TRICHINOSIS (1)

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

Slide 10

Epidemiology

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

TRICHINOSIS (2)

TRICHINOSIS (3)

TRICHINOSIS (4)

Slide 19

Roundworms

Toxocariasis (2)

TOXOCARA VITULORUM

SIKLUS HIDUP

Slide 24

Slide 25

Slide 26



Slide 29

Toxocara cati




Slide 34




Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42

Slide 43

Slide 44

Slide 45

Slide 46

Slide 47







Slide 54

Slide 55

51



Diagnosis



52






53




54



ldquooperculumrdquo

Roundworms

Tapeworms

Flukes

Urine and feces

Sputum and feces


Tugas presentasi



Parasitic zoonoses

Slide 3


NEMATODES

TRICHINOSIS (1)

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

Slide 10

Epidemiology

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

TRICHINOSIS (2)

TRICHINOSIS (3)

TRICHINOSIS (4)

Slide 19

Roundworms

Toxocariasis (2)

TOXOCARA VITULORUM

SIKLUS HIDUP

Slide 24

Slide 25

Slide 26



Slide 29

Toxocara cati




Slide 34




Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42

Slide 43

Slide 44

Slide 45

Slide 46

Slide 47







Slide 54

Slide 55

52






53




54



ldquooperculumrdquo

Roundworms

Tapeworms

Flukes

Urine and feces

Sputum and feces


Tugas presentasi



Parasitic zoonoses

Slide 3


NEMATODES

TRICHINOSIS (1)

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

Slide 10

Epidemiology

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

TRICHINOSIS (2)

TRICHINOSIS (3)

TRICHINOSIS (4)

Slide 19

Roundworms

Toxocariasis (2)

TOXOCARA VITULORUM

SIKLUS HIDUP

Slide 24

Slide 25

Slide 26



Slide 29

Toxocara cati




Slide 34




Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42

Slide 43

Slide 44

Slide 45

Slide 46

Slide 47







Slide 54

Slide 55

53




54



ldquooperculumrdquo

Roundworms

Tapeworms

Flukes

Urine and feces

Sputum and feces


Tugas presentasi



Parasitic zoonoses

Slide 3


NEMATODES

TRICHINOSIS (1)

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

Slide 10

Epidemiology

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

TRICHINOSIS (2)

TRICHINOSIS (3)

TRICHINOSIS (4)

Slide 19

Roundworms

Toxocariasis (2)

TOXOCARA VITULORUM

SIKLUS HIDUP

Slide 24

Slide 25

Slide 26



Slide 29

Toxocara cati




Slide 34




Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42

Slide 43

Slide 44

Slide 45

Slide 46

Slide 47







Slide 54

Slide 55

54



ldquooperculumrdquo

Roundworms

Tapeworms

Flukes

Urine and feces

Sputum and feces


Tugas presentasi



Parasitic zoonoses

Slide 3


NEMATODES

TRICHINOSIS (1)

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

Slide 10

Epidemiology

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

TRICHINOSIS (2)

TRICHINOSIS (3)

TRICHINOSIS (4)

Slide 19

Roundworms

Toxocariasis (2)

TOXOCARA VITULORUM

SIKLUS HIDUP

Slide 24

Slide 25

Slide 26



Slide 29

Toxocara cati




Slide 34




Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42

Slide 43

Slide 44

Slide 45

Slide 46

Slide 47







Slide 54

Slide 55

Tugas presentasi



Parasitic zoonoses

Slide 3


NEMATODES

TRICHINOSIS (1)

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

Slide 10

Epidemiology

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

TRICHINOSIS (2)

TRICHINOSIS (3)

TRICHINOSIS (4)

Slide 19

Roundworms

Toxocariasis (2)

TOXOCARA VITULORUM

SIKLUS HIDUP

Slide 24

Slide 25

Slide 26



Slide 29

Toxocara cati




Slide 34




Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42

Slide 43

Slide 44

Slide 45

Slide 46

Slide 47







Slide 54

Slide 55

zoonotic helminthiasis prof pratiwi ts semester v 1nematoda -zoonosis-1 pts they are like...

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