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公益社団法人日本都市計画学会 都市計画論文集 Vol.46 No.3 2011年 10月 Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan, Vol.46 No.3, October, 2011 1. ߓߪ ߦㄭᐕ㧘ᣇㇺᏒ ߩਛᔃᏒⴝ ߪߢ㧘ዬญ ߩዋ߿ ᵴേ ߩૐㅅ ߦ ߃㧘㚢ゞ႐߿ⓨ ߈ ߩߤߥૐᧂ↪ ߩჇട ߇ ࠅ߅ߡߓ↢ߡߒߣ ߦ߆ૐᧂ↪ ലᵴ ⺖߇߆ࠆߔ↪ ߡߞߥߣ 㧚ૐᧂ↪ ߪૐ↪ ߣ ✚ߩ ߢ 㧘৻ㇱ ߩᣇㇺᏒ ߅ߦ ߡਛᔃᏒⴝ ࠆߌ߅ߦૐᧂ↪ ߩ⋡⊛ ⺞ߚߒߣ ߇ ߡࠇࠄ 1) 㧚ਛᔃᏒⴝ ࠆߌ߅ߦૐᧂ↪ ߩ ߎࠆߔ ߪߣ㧘ᓟ ߩૐᧂ↪ ߩല↪ ࠆ߃ ߪߢᔅⷐਇ ߢ 㧘࿖ⷙ ߢታᣉ ߒ㧘ㇺᏒ㑆Ყセ ࠅࠃߦ㧘ૐᧂ ߩ↪ᄌൻ ߣૐᧂ↪㕙Ⓧ ߩᄌൻ ߩߣ㑐ㅪ ࠆߔᔅⷐ ߇ ߒ߆ߒ㧘㧘ታᣉ ߡࠇߐ ⺞ࠆ ߪ㧘⺞ᩏ㗄⋡߿㧘⺞ᩏᐕᰴ ߇ㇺᏒ ߤߥࠆߥ⇣ߦߣߏ ࠇߘ ߩࠇߙㇺᏒ ߩ⥄⁛ߢᣇᴺ ߇ណ↪ ࠅ߅ߡࠇߐ㧘ㇺᏒ㑆 ߩᲧセ ߇࿎㔍 ߣ ⺖߁ ߇ ߇ࠊ ߅ߦ ߡ߽㧘ૐᧂ↪ ߩ↪ଦㅴ ߇ᣉ╷ ߡߒߣ ߡࠇࠄࠇ ߽ ߩߩ2) 㧘ⶄᢙ ㇺᏒ ߩቯ㊂⊛ ߥૐᧂ↪ ߩታᘒᛠ ߪචಽ ߪߣ ߥ߃ᣢᓔ⎇ⓥ ߅ߦ ߡૐᧂ↪ ߩታᘒ ߚߒ߽ ߒߣߩ ߪߡ㧘ደᄖᐔ㕙㚢ゞ႐ ߩ⋡⊛ ⎇ߚߒߣ ߇ᄙ㧚 ߚ ߃ߣ㐳ጟᏒ ኻ⽎ ߚߒߣખ᧦ 3) 㧘ᮘญ 4) 㧘ዊᳰ 5) ߿㧘 ቝㇱᏒኻ⽎ ߚߒߣ6) 㧘ᾢᧄᏒ ኻ⽎ ߚߒߣ7) ฬฎደᏒ ኻ⽎ ߚߒߣOnishi A. et al. 8) ࡔࠕ ࠹ߩ ኻ⽎ ߚߒߣDavis Y. et al. 9) ⎇ߩ ߇ 㧚߹ ߚ10) ᧲ߪ੩ㇺᣂኋኻ⽎ߦ㧘Ꮉ11) ߪ㐳ጟᏒኻ⽎ ߦ㧘㚢ゞ႐߿ⓨ ߈ ߩታᘒ ߡߒ ߒ߆ߒ ࠇߎ ࠇߤߪࠄ߽․ቯ ߩ ኻ⽎ ߦ㧘ૐᧂ↪ ߩታᘒ ⎇ߚߒ ߢ ߚࠆ㧘ⶄᢙ ߩ ኻ⽎ ߦૐᧂ↪ ߩ ࠆࠃߦߣߎࠆߔㇺᏒ㑆Ყセ ߡࠇߐߪߤߥ ߥⶄᢙߩኻ⽎⎇ߚߒߣߡߒߣ㧘ḩ↰12) ߇ࠊߪ ߩ20 ኻ⽎ ߦDavis Y. et al. 13) ߪ ࡔࠕ ߩᄢḓㄝ ߩ30 ኻ⽎ ߦ ࠄߜߤ߽ደᄖᐔ㕙㚢ゞ႐ ߩಽᏓ⁁ᴫ ߡߒ ߇ࠆ ߩૐᧂ↪ ߩታᘒᛠ ߞ߹ߤߣߦ ࠅ߅ߡ㧘ૐᧂ↪ ߦ ࠆߔ↪ᄌൻ ߪ⠨ᘦ ߡࠇߐ ߥ㧚ᄢᐸ 14) ߪ㧘ਛᩭᏒ 7 ㇺᏒ ኻ⽎ ߦ2005 ߩଔᦨ㜞ὐ ࠄ߆1km ྾ᣇ ▸ߩ ߩ㚢ゞ႐ 1985 ߣ2005 ߩ2 ߟߦ ✂ߡ⟜⊛ ࠅ߅ߡߴ⺞ߦ ߦࠄߐቬ↰ 15) ߪਛᩭᏒ 6 ㇺᏒ ߦ ߡ߃੩ㇺᏒ ߩૐᧂ↪ ߦ ࠆߔ ↪ᄌൻ ߩታᘒ ߡߒߦ߆ࠄ ߇ࠆ㧘ታᘒᛠ ߅ߦ ߪߡㇺᏒᢙ ߇ ߊߥ㧘࿖ ߩᣇㇺᏒ ኻ⽎ ✂ߚߒߣ⟜⊛ ⎇ߥ ߥߪߢ㧚߹ ߚ㧘ૐᧂ↪ ߦ ࠆߔ↪ᄌൻ ߩ ߟߦ ߡ߽㧘1 ㇺᏒ ߩ ߡߞ߹ߤߣߦ ࠅࠃ㧘ኻ⽎ㇺᏒ ࠆߌ߅ߦૐᧂ↪ ߩታᘒᛠ ⎇ߚߒߣ⊛ ߪᢙᄙ ࠆࠇࠄߺߊ߽ ߩߩ1 ㇺᏒ ࠍߺߩኻ⽎ ⎇ߚߒߣ ߇ ߊ㧘ⶄᢙㇺᏒ ኻ⽎ ⎇ߚߒߣⓥ߽ 1 ߩૐᧂ↪ ߩታᘒᛠ ߡߞ߹ߤߣߦ 㧚߹ ߚ㧘ᓟ ߩᧂ↪ ߩჇട㗴 ߅ߦ ߡ ߇ૐᧂ↪ ࠆߥߣⷐ࿃ ߇ߣߎࠆߔߦ߆ࠄ㊀ⷐ ߢ ߩߘⷐ࿃ ߩ1 ߡߒߣߟૐᧂ↪ ߩⓨ㑆⊛ ߥ⟎㑐ଥ ߇ᓇ㗀 ߣࠆߔ ߇ࠆࠇࠄ߃ ߢ߹ࠇߎૐᧂ↪ ߩ⟎㑐ଥ ߟߦ ߪߡ㧘ቯ㊂⊛ ߥಽᨆ ߡߞࠃߦචಽ ߦ ߡࠇߐߦ߆ࠄ ߥ ߢߎߘᧄ⎇ⓥ ߪߢ㧘ㄭᐕ㧘ਛᔃᏒⴝ ߩ ߇ ߥߣ ߡߞ 37 ߩߡߴߔߩਛᩭᏒ ኻ⽎ ߦ ߩࠇߙࠇߘᏒਛᔃㇱ ߦ ߒ㧘ቛ࿑ ߦ ߠ ߡGIS ߦ1985 ᐕ㧘 1995 ᐕ㧘 2005 ߩ3 ߩૐᧂ↪ ࡌ࠲ ᭴▽ ߢߣߎࠆߔ㧘ૐᧂ↪ ߩ ߩޘ㕙Ⓧ߿ૐᧂ↪㑆 ߩ ⟎㑐ଥ ߩᄌൻ㧘↪ォ ߩታᘒ ቯ㊂⊛ ߦ ࠆߔ ߦࠄߐ㧘ㇺᏒ㑆Ყセ ࠅࠃߦ㧘․ቯ ߩ ࠆߌ߅ߦታᘒᛠ ߪߢ ߚߞ߆ߥߎߡࠇߐߦ߆ࠄ㧘ㇺᏒਛᔃㇱ ࠆߌ߅ߦૐᧂ ߦ ࠆߔ↪ᄌൻ ߣૐᧂ↪㕙Ⓧ ߩᄌൻ ߩߣ㑐ㅪ ቯ㊂⊛ ߦ ࠍߣߎࠆߔߦ߆ࠄ⋡⊛ ࠆߔߣᣇㇺᏒਛᔃㇱࠆߌ߅ߦૐᧂ↪ ⚻ߩᐕᄌൻ ߩታᘒᛠ - 37 ㇺᏒ 3 ߩቛ࿑ ↪ࠍ ߚૐᧂ↪ ࡌ࠲ ߦ ߠ ߡ- Secular Change of Underused Land in the Central Area of Local City - Based on Underused Land Database Using House Map in 37 Cities at 3 Point in Time - 㒙ㇱᱜᄥᦶ* ਛᎹᄢ** ᧻ਛ੫ᴦ** ᄢᐸᴦ** Shotaro Abe*, Dai Nakagawa**, Ryoji Matsunaka**, Tetsuharu Oba** Recently, the increase of underused land such as outdoor parking lots and vacant area has been a serious problem in the central area of local city. However, secular change of underused land has not been clarified on a nationwide scale. In this study, we constructed the data of underused land using house map on GIS to understand the change of distribution and land use regarding underused land in the central areas of 37 cities at 3 point in time. Result showed that, total area of underused land was increased in recent years. And, underused land area per lot became large in cities where underused land area was decreased from 1995 to 2005. Then, underused land is distributed close to each other. In addition, the change of distribution depended on whether underused land has been increased or decreased. Lastly, integration of underused land is important when it is utilized. Keywords : Underused Land, Central Area of Local City, Land Use Change, House Map, GIS ૐᧂ↪, ᣇㇺᏒਛᔃㇱ, ↪ᄌൻ, ቛ࿑, GIS * ᱜળຬ ੩ㇺᄢቇᄢቇ㒮Ꮏቇ⎇ⓥ⑼(Kyoto University) ** ᱜળຬ ੩ㇺᄢቇᄢቇ㒮Ꮏቇ⎇ⓥ⑼(Kyoto University) 28. - 313 -

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公益社団法人日本都市計画学会 都市計画論文集 Vol.46 No.3 2011年 10月Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan, Vol.46 No.3, October, 2011

1.

1)

2)

3) 4) 5)

6) 7)

Onishi A. et al. 8)

Davis Y. et al. 9)

10) 11)

12)

20 Davis Y. et al. 13)

30

14) 7 20051km 1985 2005

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- 37 3 -Secular Change of Underused Land in the Central Area of Local City - Based on Underused Land Database Using House Map in 37 Cities at 3 Point in Time -

* ** ** **

Shotaro Abe*, Dai Nakagawa**, Ryoji Matsunaka**, Tetsuharu Oba**

Recently, the increase of underused land such as outdoor parking lots and vacant area has been a serious problem in the central area of local city. However, secular change of underused land has not been clarified on a nationwide scale. In this study, we constructed the data of underused land using house map on GIS to understand the change of distribution and land use regarding underused land in the central areas of 37 cities at 3 point in time. Result showed that, total area of underused land was increased in recent years. And, underused land area per lot became large in cities where underused land area was decreased from 1995 to 2005. Then, underused land is distributed close to each other. In addition, the change of distribution depended on whether underused land has been increased or decreased. Lastly, integration of underused land is important when it is utilized. Keywords: Underused Land, Central Area of Local City, Land Use Change, House Map, GIS

, , , , GIS

* (Kyoto University) ** (Kyoto University)

28.

- 313 -

公益社団法人日本都市計画学会 都市計画論文集 Vol.46 No.3 2011年 10月Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan, Vol.46 No.3, October, 2011

2. 1

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公益社団法人日本都市計画学会 都市計画論文集 Vol.46 No.3 2011年 10月Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan, Vol.46 No.3, October, 2011

1985 2005 101

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2,656 2,864 2,912

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公益社団法人日本都市計画学会 都市計画論文集 Vol.46 No.3 2011年 10月Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan, Vol.46 No.3, October, 2011

4.

1

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公益社団法人日本都市計画学会 都市計画論文集 Vol.46 No.3 2011年 10月Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan, Vol.46 No.3, October, 2011

11995 2005

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t10% p=0.065 1995

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公益社団法人日本都市計画学会 都市計画論文集 Vol.46 No.3 2011年 10月Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan, Vol.46 No.3, October, 2011

1995 2005 9

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GIS

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1) 2007 ,

2) 2010 , ,

3) , 2002 ,

, 37 , pp.595-600

4) , 2001 ,

, 36 , pp.433-438

5) , , , 2007 ,

, , No.42-3,

pp.745-750

6) , , , 2004 ,

,

, 19 , pp.275-278

7) , 2011 ,

,

D3 , vol.67, No1, pp.39-51

8) Onishi Akio, Cao Xin, Ito Takanori, Shi Feng, Imura Hidefumi 2010 ,

Evaluating the potential for urban heat-island mitigation by greening parking

lots , Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 9, pp.323-332

9) Davis Y. Amélie, Pijanowski C. Bryan, Robinson Kimberly, Engel Bernard

2010 , The environmental and economic costs of sprawling parking lots in

the United States , Land Use Polisy, 27, pp.255-261

10) , , 1998 ,

, 33 , pp.43-48

11) , 2002 ,

, 37

, pp.589-594

12) , , , 2009 ,

, , No.44-3, pp.553-558

13) Davis Y. Amélie, Pijanowski C. Bryan, Robinson Kimberly, Kidwell B. Pail

2010 , Estimating parking lot footprints in the Upper Great Lakes Region of

the USA , Landscape and Urban Planning, 96, pp.68-77

14) , , 2008 , GIS

,

, 63 , -328, CD-ROM

15) 2007 , ,

16) 2007 ,

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http://www.city.kumamoto.kumamoto.jp/toshiseibi/sigaiti/index-news.htm,

2011.8.

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