© 2004 ken baldauf, all rights reserved. multimedia applications and production digital data...

© 2004 Ken Baldauf, All rights reserved.

Multimedia Applications and Production

Digital Data Representation Digital Audio Digital Graphics Interactive Media

Please turn your cell phone off.


Digital Data Representation


# of Bits Units of Info

1 2

2 4

3 8

4 16

5 32

6 64

7 128

8 256

General Rule:

2bits = units of info

General Rule:

2bits = units of info

8 Bits = a Byte

The Bit


Byte = 8 bits Kilobytes = 1,000 Bytes (210) Megabytes = Million Bytes (220) Gigabytes = Billion Bytes (230) Terabytes = Trillion Bytes (240) Petabytes = Quadrillion Bytes (250)

Bits & Bytes


Bytes can represent any collection of items using a “look-up table” approach

ASCII is used to represent characters

Bit & Bytes

Some of the ASCII characters

ASCII Code

Char Character Name

01011011 [ Left Bracket

01011100 \ Backward Slash

01011101 ] Right Bracket

01011110 ^ Caret

01011111 _ Underscore

01100000 ` Back Quote

01100001 a Lower-case A

01100010 b Lower-case B

01100011 c Lower-case C

01100100 d Lower-case D

01100101 e Lower-case E

01100110 f Lower-case F

01100111 g Lower-case G

01101000 h Lower-case H

ASCIIAmerican Standard Code for Information Interchange

Also check http://www.network-science.de/ascii/ (click binary)


Bytes can also represent “values” using the binary number system

Bit & Bytes

Decimal Binary

239 11101111


Bit & Bytes

2 148163264128

Binary Counter


Digitizing Sound

A sound wave is “sampled” at predefined time intervals (sampling rate) the amplitude for each sample is stored as a binary number.


Digitizing Sound

Digital Music File 100101000100100100010010010010110001010101010100100100101001010001001001000100100100101100010101010101001001001010010100010010010001001001001011000101010101010010010010

30

20

10

0

-10

-20

-30 10 20

ampl

itude

Milliseconds (ms)

1. An analog sound wave is…

-10

-20

-30

30

20

10

0

10 20

2. “sampled” at regular time slice, and

10

-18

-10

-20

-30

30

20

10

0

30

-10

-28

-4

20

12

-4

-10

02

-1-3

42

-10

-18

0

20

3. stored as a sequence of numeric values… (30,-10,-28,-4,20,…)

Digital Oscillograph


Digitizing Pictures & Video

Images are made up of pixels whose colors are stored using binary numbers.


Digitizing Pictures & Video

10010010 11000011 1010101010010010 11000111 1010101010010010 11001111 1010101010010010 11011111 1010101010010010 11111111 1010101010010011 11111111 1911191110010111 11111111 0011010110010011 11000011 1100011010010111 11000011 1001100010011111 11000011 1111000010010011 11111011 0001000110011010 11111111 1010000110011110 11111111 1110011010010111 11000011 1100001110011111 11000011 0011001110010011 11111011 11101011

3. Pixel colors in byte code

2. Image super zoomed 1. Image at proper resolution

Colormap Tool

Colors are represented as varying intensities of combinations of Red, Green, and Blue (RGB )

3 bytes (one for each of RGB) can represent over 16 million colors Often times the Hexidecimal number system is used to represent colors. Hex

uses values 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F


The Value of the Digit

Anything that can be measured or expressed can be digitized.

Digital information is easy to manipulate.

Digital information is easy to replicate and transfer.

Digital information is long lasting.


Digital Audio


Digital Music & Sound Sound Production Studio

Westlake Audio Studio in Hollywood, CA uses

millions of dollars worth of digital audio

equipment to produce music CDs, sound

tracks for motion pictures, and many

other audio services.


Digital Music & Sound


Digital Music Media

CDs, CD-Rs, CD-RWs, Mini-disks Flash Memory Hard Drive

Creative's Sound Blaster Wireless Music (listed at $250) is the first digital media receiver to offer music-file

navigation via a remote control with a large LCD. The idea is that once you've configured the small, modem-size base

unit to work with your Wi-Fi network, you'll be able to stream music over the system to any stereo or even a set

of powered speakers (think party in your backyard).

http://reviews.cnet.com/4521-6531_7-5021436-2.html?tag=dir.top

Click

http://reviews.cnet.com/4521-6531_7-5021436-2.html?tag=dir.top


Digital Music File FormatsFile

ExtensionFormat Description

.aac

.m4pAdvanced Audio Coding

Apple compressed audio file format. A new compressed file format that is more efficient than MP3. Used with Apple’s iTunes music service.

.au Audio Audio file format used mostly on Unix and Apple operating systems.

.cda Compact Disc Audio

Used to store music on traditional music CDs using a storage technology different from typical computer files.

.mid MIDI File format containing MIDI commands to control keyboard synthesizers and other electronic instruments.

.mp3 MP3 A popular compressed audio file format used on file sharing networks and the Internet. Compresses .cda files by a factor of 10 - 14. http://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/mp31.htm

.ra Real Audio Format designed for streaming audio over the Web.

.wav Waveform Audio Windows PC audio file format.

.wma Windows Media Audio

Microsoft Windows compressed audio file format. A new compressed file format that is more efficient than MP3 and provides the distributor with control over copying of the file. Used with most Internet music services other than Apple iTunes.

Town.mid

http://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/mp31.htm


Digital Music Distribution Channels

Purchase new on CD Internet music services

Per-song Monthly Subsciption

Satellite Radio Illegal methods

File sharing networks Copying CDs $9.99 pm

$12.95 pm

$14.95 pmor 99 cents

99 cents


Digital Music Services

Click to Compare


Personal Music Hardware & Software

Hardware Multi-format CD Players Portable Players Media PCs

Software CD Ripping Encoding Software Recording and Editing Software Jukebox, and Media Player Software


Digital Graphics


Digital Graphics

Digital Graphics refers to the family of computer-based media applications that support the creation, editing, viewing of 2-D and 3-D images, animations, and video.


Digital Graphics at Work

Creative Expression Presenting Information Communicating Ideas Exploring New Ideas Entertainment Designing Real-world Objects Documenting Life


Vector Graphics Software

Vector Graphics Software, or drawing software, provides tools to create, arrange, and layer graphical objects on the screen to create pictures.


3-D Modeling Software

3-D Modeling Software provides graphics tools that allow artists to create pictures of realistic models. Objects are created using a wire framework. Surface textures are applied to the objects. Light source is defined. The scene is rendered – lighting, shapes, and

surfaces are calculated to create a 3-D appearance on a 2-D display.


3-D Modeling Software

3-D Modeling is sometimes referred to as Ray Tracing.

http://www.strata.com/cx/

http://www.irtc.org/

http://www.strata.com/cx/


http://www.this-wonderful-life.com/index.htm

http://www.this-wonderful-life.com/index.htm


Computer Animation

2-D Animation Animated GIFs Macromedia Flash

http://www.wired.com/animation/kids/

3-D Animation Involves rendering 24 3-D images per second. Expensive Software Avars are used to provide hinges for movements

of characters. http://www.pixar.com/howwedoit/index.html

http://www.macromedia.com/software/flash

http://www.wired.com/animation/kids/

http://www.pixar.com/howwedoit/index.html


Digital Animation Software

Softimage/XSI v3.0 $13,000 http://www.softimage.com/Community/Xsi/video_gallery/

3ds + Reactor = $1,795 http://www4.discreet.com/showandtell/showandtell.php?id=465#

Lightwave 3D, $1,595 http://www.newtek.com/products/lightwave/lw-gallery/videos/index.html

Renderman $ 5,500 https://renderman.pixar.com/

http://www.softimage.com/Community/Xsi/video_gallery/

http://www4.discreet.com/showandtell/showandtell.php?id=465

http://www4.discreet.com/showandtell/showandtell.php?id=465

http://www.newtek.com/products/lightwave/lw-gallery/videos/index.html

http://www.newtek.com/products/lightwave/lw-gallery/videos/index.html

https://renderman.pixar.com/




Photo-editing Software

Bitmapped graphics: each pixel is defined as a color within the image.

Photo Editing Software allows you to adjust the photo colors add effects to the image crop the image focus or blur the image and many other effects

Today’s technology makes it easy to create realistic looking faked photos – thus photos are no longer trusted as evidence in court.

http://www.worth1000.com

http://www.worth1000.com/


Portable Digital Video Hardware

Portable Media Player (PMP)


Interactive Media


Interactive Media in Education

Authorware provides a toolkit for creating interactive 2-D tutorials and training for delivery on computer.

Software from companies like Mind Avenue provide tools for creating 3-D tutorials and training.

http://www.mindavenue.com


Commercial Applications of Interactive Media

3-D interactive media is providing e-commerce websites with methods for allowing customers to examine products from all angles. http://www.toyota.com


Interactive Media Entertainment

The ultimate in interactive media, video game consoles are high-powered multiprocessor computers designed to support 3-D interactive multimedia gaming. http://www.microsoft.com/xbox/


Portable Gaming Hardware

PlayStation Portable Nintendo DS


Interactive TV

Interactive TV is a digital television service that includes one or more of the following: Video on demand Personal video recorder T-Commerce Internet access on TV Video games over TV


The Media Center PC

Windows XP Media Center Edition runs on media PCs to provide the following services: Television Receiver Electronic program guide Web browser Personal video recorder DVD Player Digital Music Player Digital Personal Photo and Video Library


Questions?

Don’t forget to turn your phone back on!!

© 2004 ken baldauf, all rights reserved. multimedia applications and production digital data...

Documents