© 2006, the mitre corporation toward a standard rule language for semantic enterprise integration...

© 2006, The MITRE Corporation

Toward a Standard Rule Language for Semantic Enterprise Integration

Ms. Suzette Stoutenburg719-572-8323 • [email protected]

MITRE Sponsored Research


Dr. Leo Obrst 703-983-6770 • [email protected]


Problem

To defeat emerging threats, C2 systems must be dynamic and adaptable

Separation of rules from application code supports the ability to dynamically modify system behavior in complex, changing environments

A rule language standard is required to enable agility and interoperability across the enterprise


Background

Semantic Web Stack (partial)

Reasoning/Proof

Higher Semantics

Semantics

Structure

Syntax: Data

Inference Engine

OWL ( ontologies )

RDF/RDF Schema

XML Schema

XML

Reasoning/Proof

Higher Semantics

Semantics

Structure

Syntax: Data

Inference Engine

OWL ( ontologies )

RDF/RDF Schema

XML Schema

XML

Semantic Web standards provide infrastructure for specifying and operating over semantically meaningful information

Sets the stage for net-centric autonomous reasoners and M2M capabilities


Objective Develop demonstrable recommendations for

a standard rule language

Identify sponsor-specific requirements for rules and ensure those are captured in the standard

Build experiments to show how ontology and rule layers should interact and compare approaches

Look ahead to future requirements for the evolving standard


Activities

Examine use of rules to build dynamic net-centric services

– Show how rules of engagement can be modified in real-time based on dynamic events

– Extended first-year experiment using coalition battlefield scenario

Optimize the Logic Programming environment that integrates rules and ontologies


Prototype Architecture

Events(GMTI, INTSUM)

SituationalAwareness

Service

Enterprise Service Bus

2. Message injection starts

AMZI LogicServer1

AMZI LogicServer2

1. Logic Servers instantiated with Rule Sets

3. Adapter translates schema

4. New messages applied to Knowledge Bases

Google EarthClient

Adapter

6. SA Svc detects events on ESB, queries for alerts

7. Rules fire, produce “Single Integrated Picture”

8. Battlefield movement, Intel, messages

and alerts displayed on client

MessageInjector

5. Rules fire to relate messages to Theater Objects

SimulatedPosition ofBlue Force

OptimizedKnowledge

Base 1

OptimizedKnowledge

Base 2


destination

Application

convoy

enemy sniper

friend or foe?

RECOMMENDATION: Take alternate route

primary route

alternate route

ALERT: Intelligence report of enemy sniper in the vicinity

Command and control of convoy movement in unsecured territorywith situational awareness and rules of engagement


Ontology Overview

TheaterObject

hasFocalObject

DynamicRegionofInterestMilitaryUnit

DynamicRegionofInterestMilitaryUnit

subclassOf

subclassOf

RegionOfInterest

subclassOf

Convoy ConvoyRouteConvoy ConvoyRoute

hasCurrentRoute

ConditionsAndAlerts

conditionAffects

describedBy

ObservationArtifact

GMTIObservation

IntelSummary

VMTIObservation

subclassOf

Primary Ontology

Major classwithin ontology

TheaterObject Convoy RegionOfInterest ConvoyRoute ConditionsAndAlerts


System Design

Translationto Prolog

Extensionalization

UserQ

uer

ies

An

swers

Ch

anges

ExtensionalProgram(Prolog)

Qu

erie

s

An

swers

ExtensionalProgram(Prolog)

Dyn

amic

GeneralRules

(Prolog)

IntensionalProgram(Prolog)

IntensionalProgram(Prolog)

Developer

CardinalityRules

(Prolog)

rulesrules

ontologies

SWORIER (Semantic Web Ontologies and Rules for Interoperability with Efficient Reasoning)


SWORIER Challenges

KEYFully implemented

Partially implementedNot yet implemented

Logical Negation Open/Closed World Complementary/Disjoint Classes Disjunctive Conclusions Equivalence Cardinality Restrictions Enumerated Classes Error Messages Existential Quantification Cyclic Hierarchies Anonymous Classes Duplicate Facts


SWORIER Efficiency

Two Dynamic Changes (Online)Report the location and speed of a convoyReport the location and speed of an enemy motorized infantry unit

Desired Time:Baseline:

With Code Minimization:

a few seconds25.2 minutes10 milliseconds

Two Queries (Online)What are the locations and speeds of all known units?What are all of the alerts and recommendations?

Desired Time:Baseline:

With extensionalization:& Dynamic Changes:& Code Minimization:

a few seconds33 minutes110 milliseconds58 minutes130 milliseconds

Extensionalization (Offline)Desired Time:

Baseline:With Avoiding Reanalysis:

& Code Minimization:

a few hoursCRASH13 hours6.5 hours


Impacts Advances critical sponsor needs

– Agility in a changing world– Semantic interoperability and integration in a

net-centric enterprise– Demonstration of dynamic service-oriented

architecture

Contributes to the sound evolution of the rule layer of the Semantic Web– Recommendations for how language should

evolve to support critical sponsor needs– Orchestration strategy for rules, ontologies,

engines


Future PlansIdentify exercises and other opportunities for technology

transfer

Participate in W3C Rules Working Group to help

define the standard

Examine impact of rule exchange across multiple

disparate domains

Investigate self-maintaining ontologies and rule sets

AOCApplication

CoalitionPartner

Rules ofEngagement

Trust Model

Knowledge Base

Concepts, Axioms,Rules, Instances

LearningAlgorithm

© 2006, the mitre corporation toward a standard rule language for semantic enterprise integration...

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