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TRANSCRIPT
The General Journal
Key Vocabulary
Accounting Cycle Source Document
› Invoice› Receipt› Memorandum› Check Stub
Journal Journalizing
Calendar Year Fiscal Year General Journal
The Accounting Cycle
1. Collect and verify source documents
2. Analyze each transaction
3. Journalize each transaction
Source Documents
Source documents are the evidence of business transactions.
Invoice – records date, quantity, description, delivery, etc.. About a transaction
Receipt – a record of cash received by a business
Memorandum – Internal document used Check Stub – used by business for cash
transactions. Contains data about transaction. Also lists account balance before and after transaction.
Analyzing a Source Document
Ask the following questions when analyzing a source document:
1. What is the date of the transaction?2. What is the amount of the
transaction?3. What type of source document is it?4. What are the payment terms (cash,
check, on account, etc..)5. What is the name of the other party?
The Accounting Period
Calendar Year – January 1 – December 1 of a year.
Fiscal year – An Accounting period of 12 months, not starting on January 1.
The General Journal
It is a permanent record of the financial transactions of a business.
A place where all of the business transactions are recorded.› Kind of like a daily diary.
Components of the Journal
GENERAL JOURNAL PAGE _______
DATE DESCRIPTION
POST REF.
DEBIT CREDIT
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
Analysis - Review
Analysis Identify
Classify
+/-
Balance
1. Identify the accounts affected.
2. Classify the accounts affected.
3. Determine the amount of increase or decrease for each account affected.
4. Make sure the accounting equation remains in balance.
Debit and Credit Analysis
Analysis Identify
Classify
+/-
Debit-Credit
T - Accounts
1. Identify the accounts affected.
2. Classify the accounts affected.
3. Determine the amount of Inc. or Dec.
4. Which account is debited? Amount?
5. Which account is credited? Amount?
6. What is the entry in T- account form?
Journal Analysis
Analysis Identify
Classify
+/-
Debit-Credit
T - Accounts
Journal Entry
1. Identify the accounts affected.
2. Classify the accounts affected.
3. Determine the amount of Inc. or Dec.
4. Which account is debited? Amount?
5. Which account is credited? Amount?
6. What is the entry in T- account form?
7. What is the entry in General Journal form?
Correcting Errors An error should never be erased! A single line placed through the error
with the correction on top.
GENERAL JOURNAL PAGE _______
DATE DESCRIPTION POST
REF.DEBIT CREDIT
1 2011 1
2 Oct 1Cash in Bank 52
0 0 000 2
3 John Smith, Capital 52
0 0 000 3
4 Memorandum 1 4
5 5
Balancing
Each page should be totaled and balanced.
For each debit there must be an equal credit.
If columns do not balance – check source documents for errors.