DMI

DMI

1

036-0332

DMI

1

2

3

DMI

47 WDG25

25

QoIWDG QoI

SDHIQoI

DMI 25

47 WDG 25

1) 31 2) 31

4

DMI

-

2016 DMI 2017DMI DMI

5

2

6

80 1,500 2,000

1) 31 2) 31

7

DMI

-

2016 DMI 2017DMI

10 62017

8

10

9

10

DMI

036-0332

DMIDMI

DMIDMI

11

DMI

12

DMI

0.364 2.776ppm1.513ppm 0.010 2.170ppm 0.621ppm

DMI 19.2 62.3DMI

1) 31

13

DMI

036 - 0332

SDHI

14

15

1,500 4,000

16

DMI

-

2016 DMI 2017DMI

17

18

DMI

-

1

2

19

/

/

A 40 10 13 1.2 25

42 1 1 1.1 2.4

B 57 5 10 1.1 8.8

20

21

DMI

DMI

013-0102 65

10 20162017 2018

DMIDMI

CYP51

22

23

DMI

36 CYP5111

24

DMI

013-0102 65

DMI 20DMI

25 .26 38 ,

60.0

25

26

SDHI

27

DMI

018-5201 3-12

18 18mm

28

15 24

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

4/14 4/21 4/28 5/5 5/12 5/19 5/26 6/2

mm

1

29

DMI

018-5201 3-12

EC50 1.0ppmEC50

30

18

31

DMI

018-5201 3-12

32

2000

33

DMI

018-5201 3-12

34

35

36

DMI

018-5201 3-12

37

38

39

DMI

991-0043 423

DMI

CYAP51A1

12 (8mm ) DNA

(MagExtractor Plant Genome - ,TOYOBO) DNA

PCR CYP51A1 A398T

17

CYP51A1 A398T

1.0-1.5 105

/ml 3,000

( / 1 ) 4 20ml 16.5-22.5

42 ( 20 / 20 )

CYP51A1 A398T 35 4

CYP51A1 A398T 17

20

40

CYP51A1 A398T

CYP51A1 A398T 2019 1 24

41

CYP51A1 A398T

52.9%

9.9% 10%

2-3 DMI

40.0% DMI

83.3 2

95 10

30

7 , >30

1 2018 CYAP51A1 2 CYAP51A1 3 CYAP51A1 EC50 4 DMI CYAP51A1 5 DMI 6 DMI

CYP51A1 A398T

52.9%

9.9

42

DMI

991-0043 423

DMI

0.75% 10%

43

(1)

Cook 2.00% 3.48% 4.68%4.40% >pH7.0

44

(1) (1986) 38: 41-51

(2) MachaHardy W.E. Apple Scab pp.231-232

45

DMI

991-0043 423

DMI

/JM7 2 3 4 10 7 4

10 6 12 7 10

5

5 6

2

94.7300-350 /10a

46

1

2

47

1 2 8

300-350 /10a

31

48

DMI

991-0043 423

DMI

DMI QoI

/JM7 2 3 4 10 7 4

10 6 12 7 10

1

DMI QoI

2 IC 412

3 IC 412 9

49

2

DMI QoI

2,000

47

IC 412

Zachary

DMI

1 20 7

DMI QoI IC 412

31

(1) Zachary A. Frederick et. al,(2015) Plant Disease p.1751-1756

50

DMI

991-0043 423

DMI

2-3 20-30 600 (

)

(4 2

8 ) (4 27 ) (4 28 ) (4 29 ) (4 30 )

(4 30 ) (4 30 )

6 6 ( )

2

3

51

(1)

1

31

(1) (2013), (CAFRCRes.Bul.)5:47-51

52

DMI

382-0072 492

DMI DMI DMIDMI

DMI

DMI

1 1 3 4( )

5/22 6/6 306/6 6/25 7/10 7/28 30

5/22 5030

5/22 6/6 306/25 7/10 7/28

30

DMI SDHI

1 2 3 32018 4/27 5/11 5/25 6/7 2

3

7/2 30

53

16

1 10 122018 /6/11 1cm

6/21 7/13 7/25 8/9 8/22 9/4 9/21 10/9

0 1:1 10 / 2:11 100 / 3:101 100 / 4:1001 /)/ ×100

× )/( × )×100

DMI EC50

2015 2016 2018 6 7

2015 2016 2016 2018 2018

PDA 20 1 4mm

20

3 JA

50% EC50

54

DMI

DMI

2018 4/11

5 1 4 4 4/15 18

6/6 6.6%

7/28 25.1% DMI 0

DMI

18.6% DMI 2 1.2% DMI

0

10 4/7

4/20

4/29

14 5/11

1)

1,000 2,000 2,000 500

500

1,000 3,000 2,000

500 2,000 1,000 2,000 3,000

2,000 2,000 3,000

2018 4/20 8 1) 14

5/25( 14 ) 500 6/ 7( 13 ) 500 6/19( 12 ) 3,000 7/ 2( 13 ) 500

7/16( 14 ) 1,200

(%)

6/6 6/25 7/10 7/28 6/6 6/25 7/10 7/28 6/6 6/25 7/10 7/280 0.5 0.3 0.5 0 0.2 0.1 0.2 100 91.3 96.8 98.20.1 0.2 0.3 0.7 0 0.1 0.1 0.2 100 95.7 96.8 98.20 0.6 0.4 0.7 0 0.2 0.2 0.3 100 91.3 93.5 97.30.4 1.3 1.0 1.7 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.6 96.2 78.0 90.3 94.65.4 5.5 7.7 25.1 2.6 2.3 3.1 11.2

30 0 1 1/4 2 1/4 1/2 3 1/2

( )/( 3) 100 100

55

DMI SDHI

7 10

2

SDHI

4,000 2,000

2,000

15 3,000 1,500

2,000 2,000

SDHI

41.7 4,000

) 15 15.0 3,000

)

18.7 1,500

)

15.0% 2,000

)

20.0 2,000

)

56

6/11

6/21 100 7/13 6/21

100 8/22

9/4

9/21 9

6

6/21( 10 ) 9/4

6/21 9/4

( ) 6/11

57

DMI EC50

DMI

EC50 CYP51A1 A398T

DMI

2015 2016

2015

16 2018 6

DMI (EC50)

DMI (EC50)

1) EC50 (ppm) EC50 (ppm)

2018 20 100 0.000 1.604 0.661 0.000 0.577 0.112

2016 4 18 0.000 0.951 0.540 0.000 0.066 0.017

2015 4 5 0.206 0.860 0.504 0.000 0.071 0.022 1) 2018 2018 2016 2015 2016

DMI

DMI

DMI 2018 DMI 2

58

CYP51A1

DMI

DMI 2018 DMI 2DMI

SDHI DMISDHI

CYP51A1 DMI

59

DMI

020-0123 92-24

60

DNA PCRDNA PCR

1

1. DNA PCR

4 1 A398TA398T

( ) A398T

1. A398T

6 39 13 8 8 5 59 70 305 132 45 50 42 322 31 199 89 32 37 42 158 22 61 32 7 9 0 141

12 8 5 0 0 0 0 5 27 6 6 4 0 23

61

PCR

LAMP DMI QOI QOI

DMI CYP51A1 A398TA398T

62

305-8666 2-1-18

PCR

63

Fusarium fujikuroi PCR44 21 32 TEF- BknF2/BknR4

332bp

64

65

PCR

DNA BknF2/BknR4NS1/NS2 PCR

332bp

MDQ

QoI

66

TEF-1 PCR

TEF-1 PCR

MDQDNA

67

311-4203 3402

68

69

70

100

71

72

73

360-0102 784

74

2018 4 7

75

2015 4

2014 7

2018

45 3

76

360-0102 784

77

5/17 7/10 7/278/208/3

6/12 7/268/22 9/118/22

78

2.2mm 303kg/10a387kg/10a 380kg/10a

300kg/10a 2.2mm 447kg/10a

468kg/10a

13.8 10.5

24.8

12.8 12.6

33.5

3.5 2.7 6.5 3.6 3.9

9.4

46.6 58.8 61.7 58.3

0102030405060708090100

05

101520253035404550

5/17 6/12

79

2018.11.13 66 2019.2.22

443 513

428

628 658 651

273

387

303

430 468 447

90

128

100 96 105 100

5060708090100110120130140150

180

280

380

480

580

680

5/17 6/12

80

360-0102 784

81

82

1096 25 14 90

96

83

66 2019.2.22

84

382-0072 492

85

86

60 10

30 1 1/253 8g/ 10 5 15 24 10 6 9 15

10 9 10 28 24 10 10 10 10 13 2811 7 8 28 29

87

60 10

50 1 1/253 8g/ 10 16 15 24 10 17 22 15

10 22 23 28 24 10 23 10 23 26 2811 19,20 27 28

88

60 15

89

60 10

100 1 1/125 12g/ 3 23 15 24 3 23 29 15

3 29 30 28 24 3 30 3 30 4 1 28 28 4 12 4 26,28 26 28

90

60 10

1 1/12 3 8g/11 1 15 24 11 2 6 15 11 6 7 35 24 11

7 11 7 9 35 12 3,4 26 27 1/3

91

60 10

1 1/12 5 12g/4 10 15 24 4 11 16 15 4 16 17 32 24 4

17 4 17 19 32 4 19 20 28 5 821 1/2 1/2

92

11 18 15 24 11 19 21 1511 21 22 25 24 11 22 11 22 25 35 11 25 28 25

12 17 25

60 10

93

94