遠離藍色風暴～認識憂鬱症

ChunLin J. Ju, Psy.D. 朱春林博士October 12, 2007.

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Topics Will Be Covered

Depression screening

Depression

Suicide

Treatment

Q&A

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台灣人憂鬱症量表台灣人憂鬱症量表Scoring: 0-3 Likert scale.

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Below 8

真令人羨慕 ! 你目前的情緒狀態很穩定，是個懂得適時調整情緒及紓解壓力的人。

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9-14

最近的情緒是否起伏不定 ? 或是有些事情困擾著你 ?

給自己多點關心，多注意情緒的變化，試著了解心情變化的緣由，做適時的處理，比較不會陷入憂鬱情緒。

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15-18你是不是想笑又笑不太出來，有許多事壓在心上，肩上總覺得很沉重 ?

你的壓力負荷量已經到了臨界點，千萬別再『撐』了 ! 趕快找個有相同經驗的朋友聊聊，給心情找個出口，把肩上的重擔放下，這樣才不會陷入憂鬱症的漩渦 !

如果你不知道該找誰傾訴，諮商中心有專業諮詢資料和服務，希望能為你帶來幫助。

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19-28

現在的你必定感到相當不順心，無法展露笑容，一肚子苦惱及煩悶，連朋友也不知道如何幫你。

趕緊找專業諮詢輔導機構或醫療單位，透過他們的協助，必可重拾笑容 !

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Over 29

你是不是感到相當的不舒服，會不由自主的沮喪、難過，無法掙脫 ?

你的心已『感冒』，心病需要心藥醫，趕緊到醫院找專業及可信賴的醫生檢查，透過他們的診療與治療，你將不再覺得孤單、無助 !

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Major Depressive EpisodeA. During the same 2-week period, five or more of the following symptoms including either 1 or 2 have been present (must be a change in functioning)

1. Depressed mood most of the day, nearly everyday2. Diminished interest or pleasure in all, or almost all,

activities3. Significant changes in appetite and/or weight4. Significant changes in sleep patterns5. Psychomotor retardation or agitation6. Fatigue or loss of energy7. Feelings of worthlessness or inappropriate guilt8. Diminished ability to concentrate or make decisions9. Recurrent thoughts or death or suicide

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Major Depressive Episode

B. The criteria do not meet criteria for a Mixed

Episode

C. The symptoms cause clinically significant

distress or impairment in functioning

D. Not due to a GMC or substance

E. The symptoms are not better accounted for

by Bereavement

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DysthymiaA. Depressed mood most of the day, more days than not, for at least 2 yearsB. Presence, while depressed, of 2 (or more) of the

following:1. Poor appetite or overeating2. Insomnia or hypersomnia3. Low energy or fatigue4. Low self-esteem5. Poor concentration or difficulty making decisions6. Feelings of hopelessness

C. During the 2-year period, the person has never been without the symptoms for more than 2 months at a time

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Dysthymia (con’td)

D. Not better accounted for by Major

Depressive Disorder

E. There has never been a Manic, Mixed, or

Hypomanic episode

F. Not better accounted for by another disorder

G. Not due to a GMC or substance

H. Symptoms cause clinically significant

distress or impairment in functioning

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Major Depression vs. Dysthymia

RecurrentMajor

DepressiveEpisodes

Dysthymia

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Myths and Facts about Suicide

Myth: You have to be crazy even to think about suicide.

Fact: Most people have thought of suicide from time to time.

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Myths and Facts (cont’d)Myth: Once a person has made a serious suicide attempt, that person is unlikely to make another.

Fact: The opposite is often true. Persons who have made prior suicide attempts may be at greater risk of actually committing suicide. Statistics from University of Illinois campus suggest that a student who threatens or attempts suicide is 450 times more likely to die by suicide in the following year, than someone who has not.

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Myths and Facts (cont’d)Myth: Talking about suicide may give a person the idea.

Fact: The crisis and resulting emotional distress will already have triggered thought in a vulnerable person. Your openness and concern in asking about suicide can allow the person experiencing pain to talk about the problem, which may help reduce his or her anxiety. This may also allow the person with suicidal thoughts to feel less lonely or isolated, and perhaps a bit relieved.

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Myths and Facts (cont’d)Myth: People who talk about killing themselves will never do it. It's a way of letting off steam. Those how kill themselves don't normally talk about it. They just go ahead and do it.

Fact: Most people either talk about suicide or do something to indicate that they are going to kill themselves. There is no need to blame yourself if you don't see it coming, but it you are worried about someone you know, make sure you are aware of the warning signs of suicide and what you could do to help.

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Myths and Facts (cont’d)

Myth: Suicide is painless

Fact: Many suicide methods are very painful.  Fictional portrayals of suicide do not usually include the reality of the pain.

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Myths and Facts (cont’d)

Myth: Once someone has already decided to complete a suicide, nothing is going to stop them.

Fact: Most of the time, a suicidal person has mixed feelings about the decision – torn between wanting to die and wanting to live.

Most suicidal individuals don't want death; they just want their pain to stop.

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Myths and Facts (cont’d)Myth: A person will always welcome someone intervening with their suicidal plans.

Fact: It is actually quite common for some suicidal persons to become angry or defensive when someone tries to intervene.

This is because, for that person, suicide is an answer to their problem and intervention may be perceived as an unfair elimination of their solution. In the longer term however, once the crisis is resolved, the vast majority express gratitude for the intervention and the caring behind it.

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Treatment

Medication

Self-medicate or substance abuse

Psychotherapy

Exercise

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Conquer Depression

Get enough light and sunshine.

Get busy. Get inspired.

Take a break and relax.

Eat right and stay fit.

Get a social life.

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Concluding Remarks

Everybody has difficult years, but a lot of times the difficult years end up being the greatest years of your whole entire life, if you survive them. – Brittany Murphy

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Q & A