١ مدرسان شریف پنجم كارشناسي ارشد مجموعه زبان انگليسي آزمون سواالت

» زبان تخصصي « Section I: Grammar Part A: Directions: Choose the number of the answer choice that best completes the blank.

1- Since Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s father ............., the couple eloped to Italy, where they lived and wrote. 1) didn't approve of her to marry Robert Browning 2) never approved of her marrying Robert Browning 3) never approved of she marrying Robert Browning 4) never approved that she to marry Robert Browning

2- In simple animals, ............. to stimuli. 1) behavior mostly reflex movements or involuntary responses 2) most is behavior reflex movement or involuntary response 3) most behavior is reflex movement or involuntary response 4) the most behavior reflex movements or involuntary responses

3 - Although the weather in Martha’s Vineyard isn’t ............., it has become a favorite summer resort. 1) goodly enough to have a year-round tourist season 2) good enough to have a year-round tourist season 3) good as enough to have year-round tourist seasons 4) enough good to have a year-round tourist season

4- According to the wave theory, ............. a number of separate migrations. 1) the population of the Americas may have been the result of 2) their population of the Americas may have been the result from 3) that population of the Americas may have been the result in 4) whose population of the Americas may have been the result of

5- It is presumed that rules governing the sharing of food influenced .............. 1) that the way that the earliest cultures evolved 2) is the way that the earliest cultures evolved 3) the way that the earliest cultures evolved 4) which way that the earliest cultures evolved Part B: Directions: Choose the number of the answer choice that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct. If no choice must be corrected, choose choice (4). 6- Peter Abelard, a logician and theologian, was the controversialest teacher of his age. 1 2 3 NO ERROR. 4 7- Protein molecules are the most complex than the molecules of carbohydrates. NO ERROR. 1 2 3 4 8- The leek, a member of the lily family, has a milder taste than the onion. NO ERROR. 1 2 3 4 9- The most widely used natural fiber of all are cottons. NO ERROR. 1 2 3 4 10- The weather reports all showed that there were a tremendous storm front moving in. 1 2 3 NO ERROR. 4

مجموعه زيان انگليسي كارشناسي ارشد پنجم آزمون سواالت

٢ مدرسان شریف

Section II: Vocabulary Directions: Choose the number of the answer choice that best completes the blank. 11- When a child is learning something new, they try to ............. it in terms of what they already know. 1) assimilate 2) abate 3) accommodate 4) accede 12- Moreover, her ............. tone, though justified in the text, sounded more annoying than engaging. 1) benign 2) compatible 3) compulsory 4) sardonic

13- The decision was supported by almost everyone. Baldwin was the only one to --------. 1) acquit 2) dissent 3) depreciate 4) dawdle

14- He showed great ............. and tenacity in carrying on his professional work in spite of adversity resulting from enemy action. 1) compunction 2) dejection 3) fortitude 4) finesse

15- This crisp shell gives way to hot ............. crab within, not tricked out with too many spices. 1) flamboyant 2) luscious 3) gluttonous 4) gratuitous

16- Sometimes he punished himself when others were inclined to ............. him. 1) eliminate 2) emancipate 3) embroil 4) exonerate

17- The fountain's archer is one of the city's top attractions, a status that ............. all who live here. 1) illuminates 2) imperils 3) laments 4) baffles

18- The protocol was accepted by ............. of provocation testing, and clinicians who used this method participated in the study. 1) proponents 2) indigents 3) slovens 4) adversaries

19- He had provided a father-confessor figure to ............. the youngster's sins and absorb his phobias. 1) abscond 2) abduct 3) absolve 4) abdicate

20- This bawdy academic ............., with its potentially offensive point of view, turns out to be a traditional romantic narrative. 1) aggregate 2) satire 3) allegiance 4) collusion

21- An executive order to ............. federal contracts of businesses that hire illegal workers. 1) revoke 2) obsess 3) capsize 4) famish

22- As expected, Chihana was re-arrested within three days of his release, and charged with .............. 1) ambience 2) benediction 3) cleavage 4) sedition

23- Its cameras followed the candidates around on the campaign, showing ............. speeches, press conferences, walkabouts. 1) unabridged 2) affluent 3) cogent 4) commodious

24- Too much control and predictability might eventually ............. the organizational goals. 1) fester 2) subvert 3) impoverish 4) improvise

25- These include general ............., vision problems, and increases in anxiety and insomnia. 1) plutocracy 2) snub 3) malaise 4) demarche

26- Further ............. changes in government legislation may make the pressure experienced during the social security changes seem almost normal. 1) demure 2) lavish 3) malignant 4 impending)

٣ مدرسان شریف پنجم كارشناسي ارشد مجموعه زبان انگليسي آزمون سواالت

27- He found it addictive, stimulating, endlessly ............., and he allowed nothing-certainly no personal involvements - to distract him. 1) derogatory 2) absorbing 3) flippant 4) malodorous

28- I’ve been ............. lately, but I don’t really know why. Sorry if I sound impatient. 1) on top of the world 2) thrilled to the bits 3) on the edge 4) well-heeled

29- I think Rosie must be ............., the boss has asked to see her at once. 1) in hot water 2) in a time warp 3) in full swing 4) on the breadline

30- I want to see a contract ............., not just an informal agreement. 1) in the red 2) face to face 3) on the face of it 4) in black and white Section III: Cloze Passage Directions: Read the passage below and choose the number of the answer choice that best completes each blank in the passage. Then mark your answer on your answer choice. Many argue that recent developments in electronic technology such as computers and videotape have enabled artists to vary their forms of (31) .............. For example, video art can now achieve images whose effect is produced by “digitalization”. Such new technologies create new ways of seeing and hearing by adding different dimensions to older forms, rather than (32) ............. those forms. By Contrast, others claim that technology (33) ............. the artistic enterprise: that artistic efforts achieved with machines preempt human creativity, rather than being inspired by it. The originality of musical performance, for example, might suffer, as musicians would be (34) ............. of the opportunity to spontaneously change pieces of music before live audiences. Some even worry that technology will eliminate live performance altogether; performances will be recorded for home viewing, (35) ............. the relationship between performer and audience. In fact, technology has traditionally assisted our capacity for creative expression and can refine our notions of any give art form. For example, the portable camera and the snapshot (36) ............. at the same time as the rise of impressionist painting in the nineteenth century. Impressionist artists like Degas studied the elements of light and movement captured by instantaneous photography and used their new understanding of the way our perceptions (37) ............. reality to try to more accurately capture realty in their work. Since photos can capture the “moments” of a movement, impressionist artists were inspired to paint such moments in order to more effectively convey the quality of (38) ............. human action. Photography freed artists from the preconception that a subject should be painted in a (39) ............., artificial entirety, and inspired them to capture the random and fragmentary qualities of our world. Finally, since photography preempted painting (40) ............. the means of obtaining portraits, painters had more freedom to vary their subject matter, thus giving rise to the abstract creations characteristic of modern art.

31- 1) dexterity 2) inscription 3) expression 4) antipathy

32- 1) being replaced 2) to replace 3) replacing 4) replace

33- 1) obsess 2) subverts 3) impose 4) perceive

34- 1) segregate 2) sustain 3) deprived 4) persist

مجموعه زيان انگليسي كارشناسي ارشد پنجم آزمون سواالت

٤ مدرسان شریف

35- 1) abolishing 2) abstain 3) debilitate 4) procrastinate

36- 1) developed 2) were developed 3) was developed 4) were developing

37- 1) elucidate 2) implicate 3) magnify 4) distort

38- 1) spontaneous 2) obligatory 3) satirical 4) vain

39- 1) sole 2) staid 3) content 4) static

40- 1) from 2) as 3) to 4) by Section IV: Reading Comprehension Directions: Read the following passages and choose the number of the answer choice that best answers each question. Then mark your answer on your answer sheet. Passage 1: Two conditions are necessary for the formation of ice: the presence of water and temperatures below freezing. Ice in the atmosphere and on the ground can assume various forms, depending on the conditions under which water is converted to its solid state. Ice that forms in the atmosphere can fall to the ground as snow, sleet, or hail. Snow is an assemblage of ice crystals in the form of flakes; sleet is a collection of frozen raindrops, which are actually ice pellets. Hail consists of rounded or jagged lumps of ice, often in layers like the internal structure of an onion. Ice also forms directly on the ground or on bodies of water. In North America, ice forms in late autumn, winter, and early spring. On very large bodies of water, it may not form until late winter because there must be several months of low temperatures to chill such large amounts of water.

On puddles and small ponds, ice first freezes in a thin layer with definite crystal structure that becomes less apparent as the ice thickens. On lakes large enough to have waves, such as the Great Lakes, the first ice to form is a thin surface layer of slush, sometimes called grease ice, which eventually grows into small floes of pancake ice. If the lake is small enough or the weather cold enough, the floes may freeze together into a fairly solid sheet of pack ice. Pack ice may cover the entire lake or be restricted to areas near the shore.

Because water expands when it freezes, ice is less dense than liquid water and therefore floats rather than sinks in water. As ice floats on the surface of a lake, ocean, or river, it acts as an insulator and is thus important in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem. Without the insulating effect of floating ice sheets, surface water would lose heat more rapidly, and large bodies of water such as the Arctic Ocean and Hudson Bay might freeze up completely.

41- What condition is necessary for water in the atmosphere to change to its solid state? 1) A solid cloud cover that absorbs the sun's heat 2) A weather forecast for snow, sleet, or hail 3) A position directly above a large body of water 4) A temperature below water's freezing point

42- Ice that forms in the atmosphere in the form of layered lumps is known as .............. 1) pack ice 2) hail 3) grease 4) ice

43- All of the following are forms of ice that form on bodies of water EXCEPT .............. 1) sleet 2) slush 3) pancake ice 4) pack ice

٥ مدرسان شریف پنجم كارشناسي ارشد مجموعه زبان انگليسي آزمون سواالت

44- Why does ice form later on very large bodies of water? 1) Most large bodies of water are located at low elevations or low latitudes. 2) It takes several months of cold temperatures to cool a large body of water. 3) Large bodies of water are fed by underground springs of warmer water. 4) The waves on large bodies of water prevent the water from freezing quickly.

45- The word it in paragraph 3 refers to .............. 1) water 2) ice 3) surface 4) river

46- Which of the following is an effect of the density of ice? 1) Ice that forms on large lakes has a greasy consistency. 2) Each ice crystal is unique, but all are six-sided structures. 3) Pack ice is restricted to areas near the shore of a lake. 4) Floating ice sheets prevent bodies of water from losing heat. Passage 2: Car registrations in the United States rose from one million in 1913 to ten million in 1923. By 1927, Americans were driving some twenty-six million automobiles, one car for every five people in the country. Automobile sales in the state of Michigan outnumbered those in Great Britain and Ireland combined. For the first time in history, more people lived in cities than on farms, and they were migrating to the city by automobile.

The automobile was every American's idea of freedom, and the construction of hard-surface roads was one of the largest items of government expenditure, often at great cost to everything else. The growth of roads and the automobile industry made cars the lifeblood of the petroleum industry and a major consumer of steel. The automobile caused expansions in outdoor recreation, tourism, and related industries—service stations, roadside restaurants, and motels. After 1945, the automobile industry reached new heights, and new roads led out of the city to the suburbs, where two-car families transported children to new schools and shopping malls.

In 1956 Congress passed the Interstate Highway Act, the peak of a half-century of frenzied road building at government expense and the largest public works program in history. The result was a network of federally subsidized highways connecting major urban centers. The interstate highways stretched American mobility to new distances, and two-hour commutes, traffic jams, polluted cities, and Disneyland became standard features of life. Like almost everything else in the 1950s, the construction of interstate highways was justified as a national defense measure.

The federal government guaranteed the predominance of private transportation. Between 1945 and 1980, 75 percent of federal funds for transportation were spent on highways, while a scant one percent went to buses, trains, or subways. Even before the interstate highway system was built, the American bias was clear, which is why the United States has the world's best road system and nearly its worst public transit system.

47- The word those in paragraph 1 refers to .............. 1) car registrations 2) automobiles 3) people 4) automobile sales

48- The phrase the lifeblood in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to .............. 1) a supervisor 2) an important part 3) an opponent 4) a serious threat

49- The word frenzied in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to .............. 1) intense 2) scientific 3) disorganized 4) wasteful

50- Which sentence best describes road building in the 1940s and 1950s? 1) It was the last public works project funded by the federal government. 2) It cost more money than the government spent on national defense. 3) It produced a network of highways that favored large cities and suburbs. 4) It led to an increase in the demand for better public transit systems. .

مجموعه زيان انگليسي كارشناسي ارشد پنجم آزمون سواالت

٦ مدرسان شریف

51- According to the passage, the growth in the number of cars had a positive impact on all of the following EXCEPT .............. 1) tourism 2) service stations 3) subway systems 4) shopping malls

52- According to the passage, the American attitude toward the automobile has resulted in .............. 1) a preference for private cars over public transportation 2) loss of farmland and destruction of traditional farm life 3) an increase in the number of deaths due to car accidents 4) criticism of the amount of money spent on roads Passage 3: Aspirin's origins go back at least as early as 1758. In that year, Englishman Edward Stone noticed a distinctive bitter flavor in the bark of the willow tree. To Stone, this particular bark seemed to have much in common with "Peruvian Bark," which-had been used medicinally since the 1640s to bring down fevers and to treat malaria. Stone decided to test the effectiveness of the willow bark. He obtained some, pulverized it into tiny pieces, and conducted experiments on its properties. His tests demonstrated that this pulverized willow bark was effective both in reducing high temperatures and in relieving aches and pains. In 1763, Stone presented his findings to the British Royal Society.

Several decades later, further studies on the medicinal value of the willow bark were being conducted by two Italian scientists. These chemists, Brugnatelli and Fontana, determined that the active chemical that was responsible for the medicinal characteristics in the willow bark was the chemical salicin, which is the active ingredient of today's aspirin.

The name "aspirin" is the trade name of the drug based on the chemical salicin, properly known as acetylsalicylic acid. The trade name "aspirin" was invented for the drug in the 1890s by the Bayer Drug Company in Germany. The first bottles of aspirin actually went on sale to the public just prior to the turn of the century, in 1899.

53- According to the passage, aspirin originated .............. 1) no later than 1758 2) sometime after 1758 3) definitely sometime in 1758 4) no earlier than 1758

54- It can be inferred from the passage that Peruvian Bark .............. 1) caused fevers 2) was ineffective in treating malaria 3) was described to the British Royal Society by Stone 4) was in use prior to aspirin

55- The pronoun "it" in paragraph 1 refers to .............. 1) malaria 2) willow bark 3) effectiveness 4) the British Royal Society

56- The word "properties" in paragraph 1 could best be replaced by .............. 1) ownership 2) body 3) characteristics 4) materials

57- What did the willow bark look like after Stone prepared it for his experiments? 1) It was in large chunks. 2) It was a thick liquid. 3) It was a rough powder. 4) It was in strips of bark.

58- The Italian chemists mentioned in the passage most probably conducted their studies on willow bark .............. 1) in the 1750s 2) in the 1760s 3) in the 1770s 4) in the 1780s

59- What is true about Brugnatelli and Fontana? 1) They were from Italy. 2) They added a chemical to the willow bark. 3) They conducted studies on the willow bark. 4) They were medical doctors.

٧ مدرسان شریف پنجم كارشناسي ارشد مجموعه زبان انگليسي آزمون سواالت

60- Where in the passage does the author name the scientific compound that makes up aspirin? 1) Lines 2-4 2) Line 7 3) Lines 8-9 4) Lines 13-15 PART A: Language Teaching Methodology Directions: Choose the best answer (1), (2), (3), or (4). Then mark your answer sheet. 61- It is teaching through communication rather than for it. This sentence best describes .............. 1) Cooperative Language Learning 2) Task-Based Language Teaching 3) Content-Based Language Teaching 4) The Post-Methods Era 62- Which of the following is not considered a feature of a good listening activity? 1) Real language situations and everyday language 2) Not producing everything remembered 3) Gist, inference, and ambiguity tolerance in terms of vocabulary and production 4) Understanding every word and remembering the form of the message 63- The contrastive analysis hypothesis was based on the notion of .............. 1) similarities 2) subtle differences 3) prediction 4) universalism 64- Which of the following cannot be considered acceptable about Task-Based Language Teaching? 1) Processes rather than products of learning 2) Purposeful activities and tasks emphasizing form 3) Meaning making, but not language display 4) Structural, functional, and interactional models of language

65- In the sentence We discussed the issue the verb discussed represents the ............. level of difficulty based on the strong version of CAH. 1) transfer 2) reinterpretation 3) underdifferentiation 4) overdifferentiation

66- This type of reading refers to reading for pleasure at highest speed. 1) Extensive reading 2) Intensive reading 3) Scanning 4) Reading aloud

67- Which of the following cannot be associated with the others? 1) The weak version of CAH 2) The diagnostic perspective 3) A prior prediction 4) Cross-linguistic influence

68- As a kind of Content-Based Instruction, ............. refers to a movement that seeks to serve the language needs of learners who need language to carry out specific roles and thus need to acquire content and real-world skills through L2. 1) English/Language for Specific Purposes 2) Programs for Students with Limited English Proficiency 3) Immigrant On-Arrival Programs 4) Language across the Curriculum 69- Based on McLaughlin’s attention-processing model the grammatical explanation of a specific point is an example of a ............. activity. 1) focal and automatic 2) peripheral and controlled 3) focal and controlled 4) peripheral and automatic 70- All of the following were associated with Cooperative Language Learning except .............. 1) positive classroom climate 2) communication strategies 3) innateness of communication 4) lecture as the main form of speech 71- At this stage of learner language development based on patterns of errors, learners have relatively few errors and are rather fluent. 1) The systematic stage 2) The stabilization stage 3) The emergent stage 4) The random errors stage

مجموعه زيان انگليسي كارشناسي ارشد پنجم آزمون سواالت

٨ مدرسان شریف

72- This type of speaking refers to short replies to teacher- or student-initiated questions or comments. 1) Imitative speaking 2) Responsive speaking 3) Intensive speaking 4) Extensive speaking 73- It is a structured plan for the provision of opportunities for the refinement of knowledge and capabilities entailed in a new language and its use during communication. This sentence best describes .............. 1) Cooperative Language Learning 2) Task-Based Language Teaching 3) Content-Based Language Teaching 4) The Natural Approach

74- ............. is writing when the reader doesn’t know the answer and wants information. 1) Display writing 2) Self-writing 3) Intensive writing 4) Real writing

75- As a term to refer to the phenomenon of learner language, interlanguage is used to refer to .............. 1) an intermediate system, because it has some features from the learner’s both L1 and L2 2) the successive approximation of learner language to the target language 3) the uniqueness of learner language to a particular individual 4) the transition of the learner language system from L1 to the target language

76- In this kind of Content-Based Language Teaching, students first receive instruction in ESL before being placed into content areas. This ESL instruction should also be content-centered so that pupils do not lose time. 1) Mainstreaming Programs 2) Submersion Program 3) Immersion Education 4) Sheltered Content Instruction

77- All of the following are important factors influencing the acquisition of L2 pronunciation except .............. 1) age 2) sex 3) native language 4) identity

78- The relationship between theory and practice, ideas and their actualization can be only realized within the domain of application; that is, through the immediate activity of teaching. This sentence best suits .............. 1) Cooperative Language Learning 2) Task-Based Language Teaching 3) The Post-Method Era 4) Content-Based Instruction

79- The notion of noticing was emphasized in .............. 1) Krashen’s monitor model 2) Long’s interaction hypothesis 3) McLaughlin’s attention-processing mode 4) Bialystok’s explicit and implicit model

80- Numbered heads and Round Robin were activities mainly associated with .............. 1) Cooperative Language Learning 2) Task-Based Language Teaching 3) Content-Based Language Teaching 4) The Participatory Approach

81- According to ............., readers use a process of semantic constructivity to create meaning from a written text which has no meaning by itself. 1) data-driven reading 2) bottom-up reading 3) the schema theory 4) the skill model of reading

82- As a type of feedback, ............. refers to an explanatory feedback which provides comments, information, or questions related to the well-formedness of the student’s utterance. 1) metalinguistic feedback 2) clarification request 3) recast 4) explicit correction

83- In Task-Based Language Teaching, ............. do not necessarily bear any resemblance to real-world tasks although they are intended to lead to patterns of language use similar to those found in the real world. 1) pedagogical tasks 2) climatic tasks 3) real-life tasks 4) target tasks

٩ مدرسان شریف پنجم كارشناسي ارشد مجموعه زبان انگليسي آزمون سواالت

84- ............. necessarily refer to sentence-level, grammatical errors, such as dropping the third person singular s when you should have used it. 1) Overt errors 2) Covert errors 3) Mistakes 4) Global errors

85- All of the following were the activities devised in Content-Based Language Teaching except .............. 1) vocabulary building 2) discourse organization 3) study skills 4) repetitive drills

86- In the pair honest/dishonest, honest .............. 1) has one more feature 2) is less frequent 3) is more difficult to learn 4) is the neutral member

87- All of the following are ways to encourage writing among students except .............. 1) the blackboard composition 2) the freedom approach 3) the mandated approach 4) stream-of-consciousness writing

88- The approach in this method was similar to that of the Content-Based Approach, since both dealt with issues of concern to the students. 1) Cooperative Language Learning 2) Task-Based Language Teaching 3) The Post-Method Era 4) The Participatory Approach

89- ............. refers to the talk in which we use language – based on our knowledge of the world – to talk about people or things to create meaning. 1) Display questions 2) Referential talk 3) Phatic talk 4) Private speech

90- All of the following were among what the proponents of Cooperative Language Learning thought about their previous methods except that .............. 1) their previous methods were competitive 2) they were teacher-fronted 3) they were in favor of majority students 4) they were not use-based PART B: Language Testing Directions: Choose the best answer (1), (2), (3), or (4). Then mark your answer sheet.

91- One of the reasons that ………tests are very popular among test takers is the diagnostic value that these tests provide. 1) pre-scientific 2) integrative 3) discrete-point 4) functional

92- Partial dictation is similar to cloze test in that ……… 1) learners have fill out a mutilated text 2) examiner reads a text aloud 3) all function words are deleted from the text 4) teachers read a text twice

93- Group discussion and role playing are important techniques for ………… 1) expanding vocabulary 2) assessing oral production 3) exchanging view points 4) serving communicative ability

94- All of the following are true regarding the integrative approach EXCEPT ……… 1) this approach has its roots in the argument that language is creative 2) it is an approach that involves testing language in context 3) it is primarily concerned with meaning and the total communicative effect of discourse 4) the typical tests of this approach were highly reliable and valid

مجموعه زيان انگليسي كارشناسي ارشد پنجم آزمون سواالت

١٠ مدرسان شریف

95- All of the following are true concerning the Functional Approach EXCEPT ………… 1) in notional-functional approach a great attention is paid to the social appropriateness of sentences and utterances. 2) an utterance must be both linguistically accurate and socially appropriate. 3) pre-testing is carried out with both native and non-native speakers. 4) the main objective of functional testing is to assess learners’ ability in carrying out language structures.

96- A test in which the students are required to identify in a text words that do not belong and have been inserted to the text is known as ………… 1) C-test 2) cloze elide 3) clozentropy 4) selective deletion gap filling

97- All of the following refer to a method for scoring cloze tests EXCEPT ……… 1) Weighted response method 2) C-test procedure 3) dicto-comp 4) Exact Word Method

98- An approach to psychology in which behavior is studied as undivided wholes refers to ……… 1) profile reporting 2) gestalt theory 3) impression method 4) intuitive era

99- A method of constructing a cloze test by deleting every nth word of a passage is known as ……… 1) rational deletion 2) C-test 3) cloze elide 4) fixed-ratio deletion

100- In evaluating and scoring speaking tasks all of the following criteria are true EXCEPT ……… 1) interactivity 2) fluency 3) pronunciation 4) discourse features

101- To construct structure items all the following guidelines are true EXCEPT ……… 1) each item should test only one point 2) the stem should provide sufficient context 3) the options should be of equal size 4) the stem of the item should represent an artificial dialogue

102- In a ………, the items are independent of one another and potentially contextualized which seems an ideal case for a language proficiency test. 1) cloze test 2) integrative test 3) functional test 4) discrete-point test

103- In discrete-point testing, it is NOT true that ……… 1) the results can best be used for diagnostic purposes 2) language is divided into skills and sub-skills 3) the view of learning generates from habit formation 4) the results are in qualitative form

104- Proponents of psychometric era of language testing emphasized all of the following EXCEPT…….. 1) communicative ability 2) objectively scored tests 3) test reliability 4) testing discrete linguistic points

105- Direct tests of oral proficiency ……… 1) use quasi-realistic tasks 2) attempt to be as authentic as possible 3) focus specifically on language form 4) are used primarily to test pronunciation PART C: Linguistics Directions: Choose the best answer (1), (2), (3), or (4). Then mark your answer sheet.

106- The thematic role of the noun phrase whose referent is a natural force that is responsible for a change is called ……… 1) agent 2) theme 3) stimulus 4) causative

107- Which of the following pairs of sentences involves presupposition relationship? 1) Tom finished mowing the grass before dark. Tom mowed the grass. 2) The tea is too hot to drink. The tea is not cold enough to drink.

١١ مدرسان شریف پنجم كارشناسي ارشد مجموعه زبان انگليسي آزمون سواالت

3) The drawer is stuck. The drawer won’t open. 4) I am your teacher. You are my student.

108- As a process of language change in analogic change, ……… 1) a rule is extended to irregular cases 2) irregular forms replace regular forms 3) new allophones are added to language 4) a rule is borrowed through language contact

109- The word key in English can mean (1)‘a device for disengaging a lock’, (2)‘a list of answers for a test’ or (3)‘a small island’. What are the relationships between meanings 1 and 2 and 2 and 3 of this word respectively? 1) Homonymy - Polysemy 2) Polysemy - Homonymy 3) Hyponymy - Homograph 4) Homograph - Homonymy

110- Which of the following pairs of sentences show an entailment relationship? 1) ‘This is a triangle’ → ‘It has four sides’ 2) ‘Tom murdered John’ → ‘John is dead’ 3) ‘Tom passed the exam’ → ‘Tom took the exam’ 4) ‘Why are you in a bad mood?’ → ‘You are in a bad mood’

111- The idea that to some extent, we think about the world using categories provided by our language is called ……… 1) linguistic determinism 2) linguistic relativity 3) hyper-correctionism 4) Linguistic universals

112- The style of language use associated with a particular social setting is called ……… 1) register 2) idiolect 3) vernacular 4) backchannel

113- The geographic range of slightly varying dialects occurring between two distinctly different dialects spoken in different regions of a language area is called ……… 1) diglossia 2) dialect leveling 3) dialect boundary 4) dialect continuum

114- Which of the following statements constitute an indirect illocution? 1) Ok team, let's get started (as a command) 2) Have it on my desk by Monday morning! (as a command) 3) I warn you not to do that again. (as a warning) 4) I promise that I will be there. (as a commitment)

115- Which of the following statements is NOT true about deixis in pragmatics? 1) Words whose reference relies on physical context 2) Phrases which directly relate an utterance to a time, place, or person 3) Expressions whose reference relies on the orientation of the speaker in space and time 4) Reference words which help to establish the relationships of cohesion within the text

116- Non-linear meaning of phrases ……… 1) entails discontinuous constituent 2) breaks compositionality principle 3) contains non-sense words 4) show the rubbery nature of compositionality principle

117- In relating semantics to syntax, trace theory is another name for ……… 1) standard theory 2) revised extended standard theory 3) generative semantics 4) interpretive semantics

118- In case of grouping ambiguity ……… 1) deictic expressions are temporal and spatial 2) there are finite interpretations of a sentence 3) the cause of ambiguity is a word 4) the meanings are transformationally induced

مجموعه زيان انگليسي كارشناسي ارشد پنجم آزمون سواالت

١٢ مدرسان شریف

119- Great Vowel Shift refers to a series of systematic changes in English sound system in 16th century which ……… 1) moved the mid and low long vowels upward 2) diphthongized all vowels 3) changed voiced aspirates into voiced plosives 4) changed voiced plosives into voiceless plosives

120- Which of the following is NOT an accurate definition of code switching in sociolinguistics? 1) Switching from a formal to an informal register when talking to people who differ in status 2) Switching between two languages that is characteristic of bilingual language use 3) Changing the intonation contour of speech which can serve as a social marker 4) Changing from one type of language use to another

Literary Criticism and Terms

121- Which of the following is true about Henry James’ critical ideas? 1) The Art of Fiction outlines the theory of multiple perspectives in the novel 2) He believes that the art of novel is ultimately based in its aesthetic values. 3) James’ dual stress on form and morality makes him a precursor of Percy Lubbock and Wayne C. Booth. 4) He insists on the novel as a slice of life rather than art.

122- Which of the following is NOT true about I.A. Richards’ critical ideas? 1) Richards contends that every systematization sacrifices certain impulses. 2) He tries to assess the reading process in the quasi-scientific terms of communications theory. 3) He believes that it is possible to construct a psychological theory of value that makes it possible to compare the worth of experiences. 4) Richards is willing to rest his main argument on the contention that value is a qualitative matter.

123- Which of the following is true about Structuralist criticism? 1) The proper study of literature involves an inquiry into the conditions surrounding the act of interpretation itself. 2) For the structuralist, parole is the proper object of study; langue is of interest only in that it reveals parole. 3) Structuralists believe that codes and signs govern only the literary language. 4) Outside referents and a rule-governed system are what literature needs.

124- Which of the following is true about Tzvetan Todorov’s views and works? 1) He maintains that tropes require a reader’s special attention. 2) His text Narrative Discourse: An Essay on Method (1979) influenced structuralist vocabulary and methodology. 3) He believes that Structuralism cannot interpret any literary work, it can only show how to identify a work’s characteristic features. 4) He investigates Russian fairy tales to decode their langue.

125- Which of the following is true about deconstruction? 1) It tries to uncover objective structures and contents in a text. 2) Deconstruction identifies textual features and concentrates on the rhetorical rather than the grammatical. 3) Deconstruction facilitates the connections of mind, textual meaning and methodological approach. 4) It describes the text in a state of fixity, furnishing only fixed meanings.

126 Which of the following is NOT true about Jacque Derrida’s views? 1) He combines the French words for “to defer” and “to differ” to coin the word Différance. 2) Language becomes a special kind of writing, which he calls archi-écriture. 3) He uses the term ‘erasure’ to refer to the unstable relationship between elements in a binary operation. 4) For him, all Western uses of language, hence all Western culture, are logocentric.

127- Which of the following is true about cultural studies? 1) It analyzes not only the cultural work but also the means of production. 2) It is apolitical and culturally restricted to certain spheres.

١٣ مدرسان شریف پنجم كارشناسي ارشد مجموعه زبان انگليسي آزمون سواالت

3) It claims that the textual features are the only yardsticks for determining the value of a literary work. 4) It widens the gap between high and low culture.

128- Which of the following is NOT true about the African-American writers? 1) Ralph Ellison and Richard Wright are among new African-American voices who took the center stage during the Civil Rights Era of the 1950s and 1960s. 2) African-American writing often displays a folkloric conception of humankind. 3) The 1960s brought Black Power and the Black Arts Movement, proposing a separate identification and symbology. 4) Zora Neale Hurston distances from African-American roots and embraces the new forms available in literary modernism

129- Which of the following is true about Homi K. Bhabha’s views? 1) He believes that Orientalists’ representation of the Orientals is in a way to serve the purposes of Imperialism. 2) He analyzes the effects of political independence upon the subaltern. 3) He criticizes the way the Orient is constructed by the Occident. 4) him, the postcolonial identities are shifting, hybrid constructions.

130- Which of the following is NOT true about Vorticism? 1) It is a movement in art and literature begun in 1912 by Wyndham Lewis. 2) The first and major manifesto of Vorticism was drawn up by Umberto Boccioni. 3) It produced a magazine named Blast: The Review of the Great English Vortex. 4) The movement lost momentum after 1920.

131- Which of the following is NOT true about postmodernism? 1) It tries to overthrow the elitism of modernist "high art" by recourse to the models of "mass culture". 2) Borges has Minimal short stories as long as only one paragraph. 3) Postmodernism in literature and the arts has parallels with structuralism in linguistic and literary theory. 4) Post-Modern art stresses collective or shared expression through cooperation and a mixture of borrowed styles.

132- Old Comedy of the Greeks had all of the following stock characters EXCEPT ………. 1) The Beat 2) The Eiron 3) The Bomolochos 4) The Alazon

133- In ……………, the members within a sentence, or else a sequence of complete sentences, are put one after the other without any expression of their connection or relations except (at most) the noncommittal connective "and." 1) demotic style 2) hypotactic style 3) paratactic style 4) hieratic style

134- Allegorical emblem ………………. 1) is an object whose significance is made determinate by its qualities and by the role it plays in the narrative. 2) conjoins two or more obviously diverse metaphoric vehicles. 3) denotes one kind of thing is applied to a distinctly different kind of thing, without asserting a comparison. 4) is applied only to a word or phrase that signifies an object or event which in its turn signifies something beyond itself. 135- Which device is used in the following lines? “And the hyacinth purple, and white, and blue, Which flung from its bells a sweet peal anew Of music so delicate, soft, and intense, It was felt like an odor within the sense.” 1) Sense analogy 2) Ambiguity 3) Anticlimax 4) Pun

136- Which of the following is NOT true about tragedy? 1) Senecan tragedy was written to be recited rather than acted. 2) The Elizabethan writers relegated such matters as murder, and carnage to long reports of offstage actions by messengers. 3) Aristotle says that the tragic hero will most effectively evoke both pity and terror if he is neither thoroughly good nor thoroughly bad but a mixture of both.

مجموعه زيان انگليسي كارشناسي ارشد پنجم آزمون سواالت

١٤ مدرسان شریف

4) Medieval tragedies are simply the story of a person of high status who, whether deservedly or not, is brought from prosperity to wretchedness by an unpredictable turn of the wheel of fortune.

137- In which of the following poems Spenserian stanza is NOT used? 1) Thomson's "The Castle of Indolence" 2) Keats' "The Eve of St. Agnes" 3) Gray's "Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard" 4) Shelley's "Adonais"

138- All of the following are among the qualities of objects conducive to sublime horror that Edmund Burke stresses EXCEPT …………….. 1) obscurity 2) vastness in dimension 3) loftiness of thought 4) immense power

139- Which of the following is NOT true about the three unities? 1) Shakespeare in many of his plays represents frequent breaches from the unities of time and place. 2) Unity of place signifies that the action represented be limited to a single location. 3) In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, critics of the drama in Italy and France added to Aristotle's unity of action, the unities of time and place. 4) The unities of place and time never dominated Italian neoclassicism as they did criticism in England and France.

140- Which of the following is NOT a tragicomedy? 1) Webster's The White Devil 2) Jonson’s The Sad Shepherd 3) Beaumont and Fletcher’s Philaster 4) Chapman’s The Widow's Tears

History of English Literature

141- Which of the following is true about the 20th century? 1) As the 19th century drew to a close there were many manifestations of a reinforcement of traditional stabilities. 2) The rise of various kinds of pessimism and stoicism was a manifestation-or at least accompaniment-of the end of the Victorian age. 3) The Married Woman's Property Act of 1882 and the fight for women's suffrage did not contribute to the betterment of women’s status in the 20th century. 4) The criticism of the normal attitudes of the Victorian middle classes first became really violent in the last two years of the First World War.

142- All of the following happened during the 20th century EXCEPT ………… 1) The Boer War between the Britain and the Indian subcontinent 2) Beginning of the period of depression and unemployment in 1930 3) World War II in September, 1939 4) The 1930s as the Red decade

143- Which of the following statements is NOT true concerning England before World War I? 1) “Edwardian” refers largely to the lull before the storm of World War I. 2) From 1910 until 1914, Britain achieved a temporary equilibrium between Victorian earnestness and Edwardian flashiness. 3) The alienation of artists and intellectuals was proceeding apace during the Edwardian England. 4) On the level of ideas in the Edwardian England, there was a sense of change and liberation.

144- Which of the following statements is NOT true about the volumes of Georgian Poetry? 1) The quiet traditionalism of much of the verse of Georgian Poetry represented an attempt to wall in the garden of English poetry against the disruptive forces of modern civilization. 2) They were edited by Edward Marsh and appeared between 1911 and 1920.

١٥ مدرسان شریف پنجم كارشناسي ارشد مجموعه زبان انگليسي آزمون سواالت

3) The meditative strain was original and impressive, as in the poetry of Edward Thomas. 4) Pound, T. S. Eliot, and the Sitwells praised the entire series for bringing a fresh vision and manner into the tired poetry of the time.

145- - …………….. as a war poet found his own voice as a poet in the trenches, and most of the poems for which he is remembered were written in a creative burst between the summer of 1917 and the autumn of the next year. He returned to France in 1918, won the MC, and was killed on the Sambre Canal a week before the Armistice. 1) Siegfried Sassoon 2) Rupert Brooke 3) Wilfred Owen 4) Walter de la Mare

146- Which of the following statements is NOT true about the poetic revolution in the 20th centuries? 1) A technical revolution in poetry in the 20th centuries was going on side by side with shifts in attitude. 2) It was Hopkins who introduced into modern English and American poetry the kind of irony achieved by shifting suddenly from the formal to the colloquial. 3) The Imagist movement fought against romantic fuzziness and facile emotionalism in poetry. 4) In the critical discussion Donne rather than Spenser becomes the great poet of the 16th- and 17th-century period.

147- All of the following poets are among a new generation of young English poets who searched for a purity of diction and turned away from both the 17th century and the poetry of Hopkins and Eliot to seek a poetry which avoids all kinds of verbal excess in its desire for quiet luminosity and unpretentious truth EXCEPT ………….. 1) Stephen Spender 2) Donald Davie 3) Elizabeth Jennings 4) Philip Larkin

148- Which of the following is NOT true about Edwin Muir’s poetry? 1) He has a highly individual voice and a limited range. 2) Although he was much concerned with the human response to time, he had no sense of history. 3) His more quietist and mystical temperament was nourished by the unusual circumstances of his life, and his childhood in Orkney. 4) In him, awareness of his native Scotland and a response to the heroic stories of ancient Greece were linked.

149- Which of the following is NOT true about the new methods in fiction in 20th century? 1) The public values of the Victorian novel gave way to more personally conceived notions of value, dependent on the novelist's intuitions and sensibilities rather than on public agreement. 2) A new notion of the nature of consciousness was derived from Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung. 3) Concentration on the "stream of consciousness" and on the association of ideas within the individual consciousness led inevitably to stress on the essential loneliness of the individual. 4) One of the major influences on the changes in techniques and attitudes in modern novel was a new view of time as a series of chronological moments.

150- ……………. is a novelist who stands rather apart from any of the movements of 1912 to 1930 and has four novels about Christopher Tietjens which show meticulous craftsmanship and a deep sense of the changes wrought by the war on English life and character. 1) Anthony Burgess 2) Robert Graves 3) Ford Madox Ford 4) James Baldwin

151- All of the following novelists are among those whom Virginia Woolf called materialists EXCEPT ……………… 1) E. M. Forster 2) Arnold Bennett 3) John Galsworthy 4) H. G. Wells

152- All of the following writers tried their hand at writing short story EXCEPT ………… 1) D. H. Lawrence 2) James Joyce 3) Irving Babbitt 4) Katherine Mansfield

153- Which of the following is NOT true about modern drama? 1) The Independent Theatre in London, founded in 1891 by J. T. Grein in order to encourage new developments in the drama. 2) Yeats's use of the Irish civil war and themes from Greek legend as a background for his plays brought new kinds of vitality to the theater. 3) In 1902 the Irish Literary Theatre was able to maintain a permanent all-Irish company and changed its name to the Irish National Theatre.

مجموعه زيان انگليسي كارشناسي ارشد پنجم آزمون سواالت

١٦ مدرسان شریف

4) Modern drama begins with the witty drawing-room comedies of Oscar Wilde.

١٧ مدرسان شریف پنجم كارشناسي ارشد مجموعه زبان انگليسي آزمون سواالت

154- John Osborne's Luther (1960) …………….. 1) is influenced by expressionist techniques suggested by German dramatists as well as by Eugene O'Neill. 2) shows him moving out of a preoccupation with a restricted part of the contemporary social scene to wider concerns and a freer use of imagination. 3) shows a high theatrical skill and a determined cunning in the exploitation of the audience's reaction reminiscent of Shaw. 4) has neither the vitality nor the vivid humor of those earlier plays in which he was able to give tragic meaning to the realities of contemporary Dublin life.

155- All of the following is true about literary criticism in the 20th century EXCEPT …………… 1) F. R. Leavis, who edited Scrutiny, inherited from Arnold this view of the need to discover and proclaim "the best." 2) Culture and Environment, by F. R. Leavis and Denys Thompson (1933), is similar in more than title to Arnold's Culture and Anarchy. 3) There was a demand for a more searchingly analytic kind of critical description and evaluation. 4) Maud Bodkin’s Archetypal Patterns in Poetry (1934) was a pioneer work in Structuralism.

156- Which of the following is NOT true about Gerard Manley Hopkins? 1) The poetry of Gerard Manley Hopkins was published posthumously by Robert Bridges in 1918. 2) He combined absolute precision of the individual image with a complex ordering of images. 3) 'Instress' refers to 'the individual or essential quality of the thing' or 'individually-distinctive beauty of style'. 4) Sprung rhythm involves writing and scanning by number of stresses rather than by counting syllables.

157- Bernard Shaw’s John Bull's Other Island (1904) ………………… 1) dealt in a characteristically provocative manner with the problem of slum landlordism. 2) is his characteristic contribution to the discussion of Ireland's grievances against the English. 3) is a brilliant exploration of the relation between social class and accent in England. 4) is a paradoxical treatment of the problems of monarchy and democracy done with a mischievous desire to shock.

158- Which of the following statements is true concerning William Butler Yeats’ literary career? 1) In Yeats’ poems of the 1920's and 1930's, winding stairs, spinning tops, "gyres," spirals of all kinds, are important symbols. 2) He began his poetic career in the tradition of self-conscious romanticism which he learned from the French symbolist poets. 3) Yeats had a habit of revising his earlier poems in later printings, loosening the language and increasing romantic imagery. 4) It was the Rhymers' Club that first sent Yeats in search of a consistently simpler and more popular style.

159- Thom Gunn’s My Sad Captains (1961) ……………… 1) deals with the myth of Orion, portrayed as 'a Worker and a Builder for his fellow men'. 2) deals with the problem of hereditary guilt, unmerited misfortune, and unexpiated crime, through the story of the Pyncheon family. 3) is concerned with the conflict between natural affections and asceticism and shows a growing mastery of stanza and structure. 4) manifests a shift from the will-driven heroes and tight-fitting stanzas of his early work into more tentative explorations of experience and more supple syllabic forms.

160- - In which of the following works did Ted Hughes abandon the semblance of realism and the traditional metrical patterning of his early work? 1) Wodwo (1967) 2) Lupercal (1960) 3) The Hawk in the Rain (1957) 4) Gaudete (1977)

مجموعه زيان انگليسي كارشناسي ارشد پنجم آزمون سواالت

١٨ مدرسان شریف

Literary Genres

161- All of the following are the titles of sections of T.S. Eliot’s The Waste Land EXCEPT …………….. 1) The Fire Sermon 2) What the Water Said 3) The Burial of the Dead 4) A Game of Chess

162- Poem / poet match in all of the following EXCEPT …………. 1) Marina / T.S. Eliot 2) September 1939 /W. H. Auden 3) Adam's Curse / Gerard Manley Hopkins 4) Easter 1916 / W. B. Yeats

163- The lines “About suffering they were never wrong, // The Old Masters: how well they understood // Its human position; how it takes place // While someone else is eating or opening a window or just walking” are taken from ……………… by W. H. Auden. 1) The Shield of Achilles 2) Lullaby 3) Musee des Beaux Arts 4) Their Lonely Betters

164- ………………. is an epic drama of the war with Napoleon, in three parts, 19 acts and 130 scenes. It traces Napoleon’s career from 1805 until his defeat at Waterloo. 1) Hardy’s The Dynasts 2) Yeats’ The Lake Isle of Innisfree 3) A. E. Housman’s Reveille 4) Emma Lazarus’ The New Colossus 165- Identify the poem and the poet of the following lines:

“It was my thirtieth year to heaven/ Woke to my hearing from harbour and neighbour wood / And the mussel pooled and the heron / Priested shore” 1) Thomas’ Poem in October 2) Lawrence’s Snake 3) Auden’s In Memory of W. B. Yeats 4) Sitwell’s The Poem Laments the Coming of Old Age

166- Which of the following poets wrote five 'War Sonnets' which included 'The Soldier' early in 1915? 1) E. E. Cummings 2) Wilfred Owen 3) Siegfried Sassoon 4) Rupert Brooke

167- Which of the following poems expresses W. B. Yeats' sense of the dissolution of the civilization of his time, the end of one cycle of history and the approach of another? 1) Sailing to Byzantium 2) The Second Coming 3) No Second Troy 4) When You Are Old

168- The lines “This house has been far out at sea all night, // The woods crashing through darkness, the booming hills, // Winds stampeding the fields under the window” open …………. 1) Robert Graves’ A Slice of Wedding Cake 2) Ted Hughes’ Wind 3) Philip Larkin’s High Windows 4) MacNeice’s Soap Suds

169- Which of the following is true about James Joyce’s Ulysses? 1) The last chapter of the novel is a monologue by Molly Bloom. 2) A part of its first draft was posthumously published under the original title of Stephen Hero (1944). 3) It encompasses the events of three Dubliners during the year 1905. 4) Each of navel’s character corresponds to some character in Virgil’s Aeneid.

170- Which of the following novels by D. H. Lawrence is on the theme of leadership and is set in Mexico? 1) The Sisters 2) Aaron's Rod 3) The Plumed Serpent 4) Kangaroo

١٩ مدرسان شریف پنجم كارشناسي ارشد مجموعه زبان انگليسي آزمون سواالت

171- Which of the following novels opens with the following lines? “The Nellie, a cruising yawl, swung to her anchor without a flutter of the sails, and was at rest. The flood had made, the wind was nearly calm, and being bound down the river, the only thing for it was to come to and wait for the turn of the tide.” 1) Heart of Darkness 2) Sons and Lovers 3) Three Men in a Boat 4) To the Lighthouse

172- The novel / novelist match in all of the following EXCEPT ………….. 1) Rites of Passage / William Golding 2) The Road to Wigan Pier / George Orwell 3) The Waves / Virginia Woolf 4) The Dark Flower / Arnold Bennett

173- Which of the following novels is E. M. Foster’s last novel? 1) The Longest Journey 2) A Passage to India 3) Howards End 4) A Room with a View

174- In …………… Doris Lessing tries to depict the pressures that political and social events in 20th century put on women. It was hailed as a landmark by the women's movement. 1) Memoirs of a Survivor 2) Children of Violence 3) The Golden Notebook 4) The Grass is Singing

175- Graham Greene wrote all of the following novels EXCEPT ……………… 1) The Power and the Glory 2) Brighton Rock 3) England Made Me 4) Under the Net

176- Jim Dixon, ………………’s hero, with his subversive attitudes (anti-establishment, anti-pretension, anti-arts-and-crafts) was hailed as an 'Angry Young Man'. 1) du Maurier’s The Loving Spirit 2) Waugh’s Decline and Fall 3) Hailey’s In High Places 4) Kingsley’s Lucky Jim

177- All of the following are verse dramas written by T.S. Eliot EXCEPT …………… 1) The Dark is Light Enough 2) The Cocktail Party 3) Murder in the Cathedral 4) The Rock

178- Oscar Wilde’s …………….. describes the courtships and betrothals of two young men, John Worthing and Algernon Moncrieff, who are in pursuit respectively of Gwendolen Fairfax and Cecily Cardew. 1) Salome 2) The Importance of Being Earnest 3) Lady Windermere's Fan 4) A Woman of No Importance

179- Which of the following plays was NOT written by Harold Pinter? 1) The Birthday Party 2) The Caretaker 3) The Entertainer 4) The Homecoming

180- The play, Live Like Pigs (1958) is written by ……………… 1) Jean Genet 2) John Arden 3) Athol Fugard 4) Brian Friel

قسمت اول: اصول و مبانی نظری ترجمھ

181- Steiner defines the hermeneutic approach as …….. . 1) dealing with the relationship between language and logic in a comprehensive, explicit, and formal way 2) a process of scriptural interpretation by means of careful examination of a given text within the context of other texts 3) the investigation of what it means to understand a piece of oral or written speech in terms of a general model of meaning 4) the interpretation of a text and framing its content in terms of the overall organization of the work

182- The hermeneutic movement owes its origins to …………. such as …………… . 1) the German Romantics - Schleiermacher 2) 20th century philosophers - Heidegger 3) ancient philosophers - Plato 4) Greek myths - Hermes

مجموعه زيان انگليسي كارشناسي ارشد پنجم آزمون سواالت

٢٠ مدرسان شریف

183- The book …………. claims to be ‘the first systematic investigation of the theory and processes of translation since the eighteenth century’. 1) Approaches to translation 2) Essay on the principles of translation 3) After Babel 4) The task of the translator

184- Steiner sees the theory of translation as ………… . 1) a theory of pragmatic equivalence 2) a theory of semantic transfer 3) a theory of interpretation 4) a theory of penetration

185- Steiner considers the concept of translation as a(n) …………. . 1) science 2) art 3) skill 4) interpretation

186- Different types of assimilation can occur in ………….. among the four parts of the hermeneutic motion. 1) compensation 2) penetration 3) initiative trust 4) embodiment

187- Which of the following statements is CORRECT regarding the concept of translatability in the eyes of Steiner? 1) Steiner believes in total translatability. 2) In Steiner's view, only poetry is untranslatable and needs creative transposition. 3) Steiner asserts that every experience in one language in conveyable in another language. 4) Steiner argues that nonsense rhymes and the like are untranslatable.

188- By 'the open-cast mine left an empty scar in the landscape’, Steiner is referring to ……….. . 1) initiative trust 2) aggression 3) compensation 4) incorporation

189- 'Sacramental intake' and 'infection' are the two metaphors Steiner uses as two consequences of ………. . 1) initiative trust 2) aggression 3) compensation 4) incorporation

190- Which part of the hermeneutic motion has two facets, namely cultural and individual? 1) embodiment 2) initiative trust 3) penetration 4) restitution

191- Which of the followings is CORRECT regarding Benjamin's view of translation? 1) Translation tends to convey the content of the original. 2) There is no original in translation; each text is located between two texts. 3) Translation exists before the ST, waiting to be unveiled. 4) Good translation expresses the central reciprocal relationship between languages.

192- Benjamin prefers ………….. as the only strategy in translation leading to the pure language. 1) dynamic translation 2) literalism 3) domestication 4) alienation

193- The ideal translation, in Benjamin’s opinion, is ………… . 1) Biblical exegeses 2) interlinear version of the Bible 3) translation with abundant footnotes 4) Plato's renderings of Socrates' words

194- ………….. involves taking a product and making it linguistically and culturally appropriate to the target country/region and language. 1) Domestication 2) Internationalization 3) Globalization 4) Localization

195- That the same TL term is always used for the same SL term is one of the aims of …………. . 1) Translation memory tools 2) machine translation 3) human-aided machine translation 4) online translation engines

196- The first-generation translation machines were known as ………… systems. 1) binary 2) military 3) indirect 4) direct

٢١ مدرسان شریف پنجم كارشناسي ارشد مجموعه زبان انگليسي آزمون سواالت

197- Bar-Hillel believed that machine translation is impossible, because ……….. . 1) real-world knowledge was impossible for a machine to replicate 2) before that stage there needed to be a progress in language processing 3) ALPAC report had declared the end of this project in 1959 4) no two countries were unanimous in working on the same project

198- Which of the followings is NOT among the obstacles to successful Machine Translation? 1) inconsistency in the terminology 2) words with multiple meanings 3) sentences with multiple grammatical structures 4) uncertainty about what a pronoun refers to

199- Which one is NOT true about METEO? 1) It translates automatically the weather bulletins. 2) It depends on careful pre-editing. 3) It is a reversible system. 4) It belongs to the second-generation indirect systems.

200- "An electronically readable database of naturally produced texts which can be analyzed for word frequency, collocation, etc. by computer" is the definition of ………….. . 1) term bank 2) corpus 3) translation memory 4) glossary

201- Which of the following features of corpora cannot be used in translation? 1) Total word count 2) Lexicographical intuition 3) Alignment tools 4) KWIC concordance

202- Which one is the main criticism levelled at interlingua approach in translation machines? 1) Finding or constructing a universal interlingua is impossible. 2) It does not work for multilingual systems. 3) It needs advanced knowledge of computer processing systems. 4) Adding a new language to the system is equal to adding a new complicated algorithm.

203- Susy belongs to ……….. based on its architectural structure. 1) the first TM generation 2) the second TM generation 3) indirect systems 4) the third TM generation

204- 'Matching' and 'recombining' are two steps used in …………. . 1) example-based MT 2) Statistics-based MT 3) GETA 4) Eurotra

205- Parallel corpora ………… . 1) are normally specialized collections of similar STs in the two languages. 2) are ST-TT pairs which can allow the translation strategies to be investigated. 3) are large collections of texts which may be analyzed for naturalness. 4) are parallel texts in different languages but in the same genres.

ن شناسیزبا: دومقسمت

206- Which one is NOT among the features of the standard language? 1) It is the official language of a country. 2) It is used in mass media and newspapers. 3) It is the spoken language of everyday communication. 4) It is taught at schools as the norm of written language.

207- The English terms like “sort of” and “kind of” which are used to show the speakers’ doubt about their statement are known as …………. . 1) schemas 2) hedges 3) diacritics 4) discourse markers

مجموعه زيان انگليسي كارشناسي ارشد پنجم آزمون سواالت

٢٢ مدرسان شریف

208- Which of the following statements is TRUE about pidgin? 1) It is characterized by a variety of grammatical morphology. 2) It has a fairly broad range of vocabulary. 3) Inflectional affixes are rare in pidgins. 4) Inflectional morphemes take the place of functional morphemes.

209- According to this belief, language determines thoughts and we can only think in the categories provided by our language. 1) linguistic relativity 2) linguistic determinism 3) Sapir-Whorf hypothesis 4) linguistic category

210- Which one describes the individual way of speaking or personal dialect? 1) social marker 2) accent 3) speech style 4) idiolect

211- Some languages are characterized by the distinction between the pronouns used for addressing people who are close or distant to you. This phenomenon is called ………….. . 1) T/V distinction 2) politeness schema 3) social grammar 4) social awareness

212- An example of grammatical gender can be found in………… . 1) male-female 2) father-mother 3) prince-princess 4) boy-girl

213- Which one describes the process in which speech style is used to emphasize the social distance between speakers? 1) convergence 2) divergence 3) prestige 4) idiolect

214- In linguistic terminology, …………… is a process in which a concept or a notion is expressed in a single word. 1) categorization 2) framing 3) thematization 4) lexicalization

215- What is the linguistic features that distinguish the speaker as a member of a particular social group? 1) social marker 2) accent 3) speech style 4) idiolect

ایبررسی مقابلھ: سومقسمت

216- Krashen believes that tasks which require learners to focus on --------- are more likely to produce errors than those which force them to concentrate on ---------. 1) form - content 2) communication - syntax 3) content - form 4) syntax – communication

217- --------- should receive the lowest priority in error correction. 1) Global errors 2) Local errors 3) High-frequency errors 4) Errors which cause irritation

218- In contrast to local errors, global errors --------- . 1) hinder communication through language 2) are not removed through correction methods 3) are overt and made by most L2 learners. 4) occur at the higher rank of linguistic units.

219 - Which of the following statements is NOT related to puritanical perspective to errors? 1) Practicing the right model should be used a sufficient number of time to avoid error 2) Teachers must be sensitive to the way their students react to correction of errors. 3) Students should not be permitted to correct their own mistakes. 4) Teachers should correct all errors immediately.

٢٣ مدرسان شریف پنجم كارشناسي ارشد مجموعه زبان انگليسي آزمون سواالت

220- In which types of errors, the correction of the learner might interrupt the flow of productive communication, as a result there is no need to correct the learner?

1) local errors 2) global errors 3) domain 4) extent

221- In which one the source of error can be attributed to permutation process? 1) I am not afraid from dogs. 2) My brother is a driver fast. 3) My father is doctor. 4) They entered into the classroom.

222- According to this process, most learners’ earliest interlanguage grammars are soon being modified towards a target-oriented norm. 1) assimilation 2) approximation 3) denativization 4) idiosyncrasy

223- Within the framework of EA, which one describes the grammatically well-formed sentences which are not interpretable in the context in which they occur? 1) covertly erroneous 2) productive errors 3) overtly erroneous 4) receptive errors

224- The source of error in the sentence, “Tell me when will you go” can be attributed to all the following types of errors EXCEPT ............. 1) intralingual 2) interlingual 3) developmental 4) overgeneralization

225- A typical English narrative consists of ............. 1) orientation, abstracts, complication events, resolution, codas 2) orientation, complication events, abstracts, codas, resolution 3) abstracts, orientation, complication events, resolution, codas 4) abstracts, orientation, complication events, codas, resolution

واژه شناسی: چھارمقسمت

226- The word formation process involved in the formation of the words “AIDS”, “telly”, “emote” and “fan” are respectively ………….. . 1) acronym, clipping, blending, backformation 2) abbreviation, blending, hypocorism, clipping 3) acronym, hypocorism, backformation, clipping 4) abbreviation, backformation, clipping, blending

227- A ……….. morpheme is added to a stem or root to form a new word, sometimes with a change in syntactic category. 1) inflectional 2) derivational 3) functional 4) lexical

228- The word “hardened” consists respectively of “hard” + ……….. . 1) two derivational morphemes. 2) two inflectional morphemes 3) one inflectional and one derivational morpheme 4) one derivational and one inflectional morpheme

229- Which of the following pairs is an example of hyponymy? 1) father-parent 2) pretty-handsome 3) kettle-water 4) flour-flower

230- Which one contains an inflectional affix? 1) worker 2) hammer 3) diver 4) lower

231- Which statement is TRUE? 1) Functional morphemes carry the content of the message we convey.

مجموعه زيان انگليسي كارشناسي ارشد پنجم آزمون سواالت

٢٤ مدرسان شریف

2) Inflectional morphemes are used to produce new words. 3) Bound morphemes can normally stand by themselves. 4) Nouns, adjectives and verbs are all examples of free morphemes.

232- New words made based on the name of a person or a place are called ............. 1) coinage 2) eponym 3) hyponym 4) prototype

٢٥ مدرسان شریف پنجم كارشناسي ارشد مجموعه زبان انگليسي آزمون سواالت

233- Which of the followings best describes these morphemes: study, ed, er, over? 1) functional, derivational, inflectional, lexical 2) derivational, lexical, inflectional, functional 3) lexical, functional, derivational, inflectional 4) lexical, inflectional, derivational, functional

234- Which word is an example of clipping? 1) smog 2) modem 3) telex 4) fax

235- The items “the, and, but” are all examples of ............. morphemes. 1) lexical 2) derivational 3) functional 4) inflectional

ھای ترجمھمھارت: پنجمقسمت

صاحبان جاه و ماه از غم بینوایان روی زرد بود. -٢٣٦1) Possessors of rank and property were pale of face from indigent men's grief. 2) Lords of retinue and wealth were yellow face from the sadness of victuals. 3) Owners of station and wealth were unprovisioned from poor men's sorrowfulness. 4) Masters of rank and property were pale of face from the sorrow of destitution.

نخواهی که ملکت برآید به هم غم ملک و دین هر دو باید به هم -۲۳۷ 1) If you wish not to see your realm in ruin altogether; care you must for both realm and faith together. 2) If you want to have your retinue ruined altogether, you should have the sorrow of dominion and religion together. 3) If you desire not to see your possessions in ruin together, then have the grief for both country and religion together. 4) If you wish not to see your property in ruin altogether, you must care for both property and religion together.

. جفا پیشگان بدانند که عذابی خوارکننده در انتظارشان است -٢٣٨ 1) Let the forward know that a disgraceful torment is waiting for them. 2) Let those practicing injustice know that there awaits them a humbling chastisement. 3) Let those exercising tyranny know that a grievous torment awaits them. 4) Let the rebellious know that there awaits them a humbling chastisement.

خوان نعمت بی دریغ خدا در سراسر جهان آفرینش گسترده است. -۲۳۹ 1) The unstinted table’s liberality of God is spread out all over the world of existence. 2) The banquet of God’s unstinted favor is spread out all over the world of creation. 3) The banquet of the abounding liberality of Allah is outspread throughout the world of creation. 4) The banquet-cloth of the abounding bounty of God is spread out everywhere in the world of creation.

. هرگز در خالف خالق خویش قدم بر نمی دارد انسان عاقل -٢٤٠ 1) An intellectual man never tries to walk against his Creator. 2) A wise man strives not in opposition to his Creator. 3) A prudent man never attempts to step forward to thwart his Creator. 4) An intelligent man never takes a step in opposition to his Creator.