MIDICAL MYCOLOGY

LAP 2NAJLA AL-ALSHAIKH

-Fungal diseases are called mycoses A mycosis is a fungal infection of animals, including humans , mycoses often start in the lungs or on the skin.

-Pathogenic fungi are fungi that cause disease in humans or other organisms. The study of pathogenic fungi is referred to as medical mycology-

Causes

People are at risk of fungal infections when they are taking strong antibiotics for a long period of time because antibiotics kill not only damaging bacteria, but healthy bacteria as well.

This change the balance of microorganisms in the mouth, vagina, and other places in the body, and results in an overgrowth of fungus.

Classification

1-Superficial mycosesSuperficial mycoses are limited to the outermost layers of the skin and hair

Ex: Tinea versicolor is a fungal infection caused by a yeast called

Malassezia sp. that normally lives on human skin.

tinea versicolor

*If the skin is oily enough, warm enough and moist enough, it starts to grow into small "colonies" on the surface of the skin.

* especially affect the chest, back, It doesn't usually affect the face* This fungus produces spots that are either lighter than the skin or a

reddish- brown.

Malassezia sp.

Classification

2 -Cutaneous mycosesCutaneous mycoses extend deeper into the epidermis, and also include hair and nail diseases.

Ex: ringworm or tinea is a fungal infection caused by Microsporum,

Trichophyton, and Epidermophyton

*it can passed from cat to a human and also from person to personit causes raised ,circular areas**it can affect not only the skin but also the nail (become thick)

Microsporum sp.

Trichophyton sp.

Epidermophyton sp.

3- Systemic mycoses This mycoses start in the lung then may to many organ systems.

Ex : Aspergillosis is a fungal infection caused by Aspergillus sp.

Aspergillosis*most people breathe in Aspergillus spores every day

For people with healthy immune systems, this does not cause disease.

But for people with low immune systems, breathing spores can lead to infection.

* Aspergillus can cause “fungus ball” in the lung or other organs.

*people Sometimes may cough up bloody .

Aspergillus sp .

Treatment

Antifungal drugs are used to treat mycoses,