中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 high reliable industrial wireless sensor network shenyang...

中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 http://www.sia.ac.cn

High Reliable Industrial Wireless

Sensor Network

Shenyang Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of Sciences

Haibin Yu


Outline

• Introduction of SIA WSN group

• Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks– Why Wireless– Challenges– Our Solutions– Future Applications


WSN group of SIA

• Founded on 2003• People

– 3 Professors– 5 Associate Professors– 6 Assistant Professors– 12 Ph.D Students– 4 Master Students

• Active Member– Zigbee Alliance– ISA SP100

• SIA is host unit of the working group of Chinese Industrial Wireless

Communication Standard for Measurement and Control


Research Areas

CSMA MAC TDMA MAC Hybrid MAC

Data Centric RoutingGeographic Routing

Time Synchronization LocalizationDistributed Data

Processing

Technology Research

Applications Research

Building Automation

Asset TrackingEnvironment Monitoring

Industrial Automation

Sensor Network Testbed

Atmega128/CC1000Atmega128/CC2420 Msp430/CC2420


Our Testbed


Project: Surveillance Systems

• To detect and track vehicle movement• Funded by NSFC


Project: Secure Container Sensing and Monitoring System

• To detect intruders & record.• Funded by China International Marine Containers LTD.


Project: Greenhouse Environment Monitoring System

• To continuously gather environment information for automatic control.

• Funded by NSFC


Our Research Approach

• Research from a “system” view– Imagine a plausible future– Create an approximation of that vision

using technology that exists.– Measure the distance between ideal and

reality– Solve the problems

• Empirical experiments• Quantitative measurement and analysis• Analytics and Foundations


The Tomorrow WSN

• Replacing most wired sensor and actuator systems

• Characteristics– Wired-like reliability– Years’ life with battery power– Guaranteed performance


Where is the Bar?

99% x 10uA + 1% x 10mA => 110 uA is baseline, 20 uA is research goalThe idle listening problem!

Lifetime

PerformanceThe distributed multi-hop resource allocation problem!

IEEE 802.15.4 superframes/beacon is broken, Hybrid TDMA/CSMA MAC for Mesh Topology will be dominant MAC

ReliabilityThe vulnerable wireless channel and fallible platform problem!

Networking Intelligence to improve reliability & Safe TinyOS


Our Cut-In Point

High Reliable Industrial Wireless Sensor Network


The Opportunity of WSN in Industrial Automation


Technical Requirements


Industrial Environment


Harsh Environment challenge RF


• Self-organizing high reliable Mesh network

– Frequency diversity to enable transmission to

“hop” across all available channels and navigate

interference

– Path diversity with multiple parents for each node

to navigate physical obstruction

– Time synchronized transmission to guarantee

retries within deadline

SIA Solutions – Embedded Networking Intelligence


SIA proposal for ISA SP100

• Presented at ISA SP100 CFP meeting

IEEE 802.15.4 2.4GHz Radio

Channel Hopping

TDMA/CSMA Hybrid MAC

Mesh Routing

Man

ag

em

en

t

Decentralized Network


Time Synchronized Channel Hopping (TSCH)

• Combination of DSSS and FHSS

– All devices perform synchronized channel hopping along the same CH sequence.

– Neighbor devices within two-hop radio range operate on different channels in each CH slot by choosing a specific CH start point when joining the network

– In each CH slot, Sender jumps to the receiver’s operating channel to transmit packet using CSMA/CA algorithm

Channel 0

Channel 1

Channel 2

Channel 4

.

.

.

A

B

C

D

A － >C

A － >B

B － >D


Benefit of TSCH

• Take advantage of the multi-channel capability of 802.15.4 radio– Coexistence with other wireless devices in the same band

• CH can sidestep channels being interfered– Increases the bandwidth utilization

• Reduce the size of the conflict zoneChannel Hopper


A Hybrid CSMA/TDMA MAC

• Components– Slot

• a unit of time of fixed duration used to send or receive one packet and an accompanying acknowledgement.

– Frame• Comprising a set of slots.• On the basis of 802.15.4 superframe• Including CAP and CFP

– Cycle:• A collection of frames repeating in time.• The number of frames in a given cycle is determined b

y the latency requirement of time-driven traffic.• The Network may contain several concurrent cycles of

different sizes


Frame Structure

• A long CFP and a short CAP• CFP

– Some slots is assigned to be active according to the transmission schedule for time-driven traffic.

– Router will be sleep in other slots.• CAP

– Router will keep active for event-driven traffic, time synchronization and routing maintenance.

FrameCFP CAP

Inactive Slot

Active Slot


Cycle Structure

• Task:

• Routing:

• Transmission Schedule– Assume the duration of a frame is 2 second.

A B1 packet/ 10 second

A A1 A2 B

Cycle

Frame 1 Frame 2 Frame 3 Frame 4 Frame 5

A A1 A1 A2 A2 A3

A2

A3 B


Multi-path robust routing

• Each device has at least

two parents

– All neighbors who are

nearer to the gateway than

me can be the next-hop of

my upstream route.

– If one next-hop fails , other

candidates can replace to

be in charge of forwarding


Network Manager

• Functions of Network Manger

– Network forming and configuration

– Time slot scheduling and channels

management

– Routing management

– Network status diagnosis and

optimization

– Security management


Distributed Network Management

• Coordination among local

managers

– the network’s resources

are divided and

allocated to distributed

local managers

• Now

– Centralized coordination

• Future

– Local coordination

Centralized Manager

Local Manager

Local Manager


Demo System

• A 20 nodes - Field Network– A component of fluidized bed boiler control system– Consists of 10 Wireless Temperature Transmitters

and 10 Wireless Pressure Transmitter.

• Running from 2007/12/30 to Now


Future Directions

• these industries that wireless technology offers potential

solutions to many of the problems associated with

deploying sensors in areas previously thought unsuitable

or too expensive for a network of sensors.– context dependent anticipatory maintenance and

system health monitoring can now be addressed at the plant or enterprise level

• paradigm shifts in sensor deployment philosophy.– process flow-through sensors

– peel-and-stick devices

– embedded-and-shipped systems


Killing Application - PAM

• Monitor asset health, typically sensing in real time• Assess to predict potential problems• Optimize maintenance and operations decisions

SenseAssess

Decide

Act

•Wireless sensors•Wired sensors Virtual sensors•Historians

•Predictive analytics•Condition monitoring•Trending

•Preventative maintenance•Predictive maintenance•Run to failure•Reliability-centered maintenance

•Enterprise Asset Management (EAM)•Computerized Maintenance Management Systems (CMMS)

Feedback / Improve


An Example

• Condition monitoring (motor, compressor)


Wireless Enabled PAM Benefits

-60 -40 -20 0 20 40

Unplanned Breakdowns

Spare Parts Inventory Costs

Production Downtime

Product Defects

Plant Availability

Workforce Efficiency

Asset Performance

% Improvement Beyond Maintenance

Source: ARC Advisory Group

Huge Opportunity for Users to Improve


Thank You!

中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 high reliable industrial wireless sensor network shenyang...

Documents