)لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · experimental models of such an antenna...

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Page 1: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz

(هليکال)آنتن مارپيچی

Page 2: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz
Page 3: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz
Page 4: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz
Page 5: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz
Page 6: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz

اگر چهار انگشت دست چپ در جهت پيچش هليکس باشند •

و انگشت شصت رو به باال، در اين صورت قطبش آنتن می شود و موج تابش هم دايروی left handدست چپی

.چپ گرد می شود

Page 7: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz
Page 8: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz

.باشد 3λ/4معموال قطر صفحه زمين حداقل بايد •

صفحه زمين معموال مسطح است اما در برخی کاربردها به • .صورت يک محفظه استوانه ای است

ارتفاع آنتن•

طول سيم آنتن•

زاويه پيچ•

2 2

0

2 2

0

1tan

n

L NS

L NL N S C

L S C

C D

S

D

Page 9: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz
Page 10: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz

اگر زاويه پيچ صفر شود همان آنتن حلقوی را خواهيم داشت و • .درجه باشد آنتن دو قطبی خواهيم داشت 90اگر زاويه پيچ

مشخصات آنتن با تغيير هر يک از پارامترهای آنتن تغيير می • .کند

امپدانس ورودی آنتن به شدت به زاويه پيچ و مشخصات و ابعاد • .سيم بستگی دارد

.پالريزاسيون در حالت کلی بيضوی است•

در باندهای به خصوصی پالريزاسيون خطی و دايروی هم • .بدست می آيد

Page 11: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz

مودهای آنتن هليکس•

(Broadside)مود نرمال . 1•

(Endfire)مود محوری . 2•

Page 12: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz
Page 13: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz
Page 14: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz

مود نرمال

چون در اين مود طول کلی خيلی کوچکتر از طول موج •

است می توان آنتن را به صورت يک حلقه و يک دو قطبی Eθمدل کرد و ميدان ناشی از اين دو دارای مولفه های

.خواهد بود Eφو

Page 15: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz

مود نرمال

در اين مود جريان تمام حلقه ها و دو قطبی ها دارای دامنه •

طول کلی آنتن از طول موج خيلی . و فاز يکسان است

.کوچکتر است

انتهای آنتن هم بايد به خوبی پايان دهی شده باشد تا از •

اين مود عملکرد خيلی . انعکاسات متوالی جلوگيری شود

.باند باريک است و به ندرت مورد استفاده قرار می گيرد

To achieve the normal mode of operation, the dimensions of the helix are usually small compared to the wavelength (i.e., NL0<< λ0).

Page 16: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz
Page 17: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz

شرط پالريزاسیون دايروی

Page 18: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz

مود نرمال

• As α increases, the polarization becomes elliptical with the major axis being horizontally polarized. When α, is such that C/λ0 =(2S/λ0)^1/2,AR = 1 and we have circular polarization. For greater values of α, the polarization again becomes elliptical but with the major axis vertically polarized. Finally when α = 90 the helix reduces to a linearly polarized vertical dipole.

Page 19: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz

کاربرد اصلی هليکس در اين مود است و به سادگی قابل •

.وصول است

برای تحريک اين مود بايد محيط هر حلقه کسر بزرگی از •

.طول موج باشد

Page 20: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz

Page 21: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz
Page 22: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz

پهنای باند محاسبه می شود Cبا انتخاب

. باشد C=0.5mاگر •

min max

max min

max min

max min

0.75 0.75 0.5 0.375 800

1.333 1.333 0.5 0.667 450

800 4502 2 0.56 56%

800 450

C m f MHz

C m f MHz

f fFractional Bandwidth

f f

Page 23: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz

(with C/λ0 = 1 near optimum), spacing about S= λ0/4. The pitch angle is usually 12 ≤ α ≤ 14. Most often the antenna is used in conjunction with a ground plane, whose diameter is at least λ0/2, and it is fed by a coaxial line.

Page 24: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz

روابط تقريبی طراحی

Page 25: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz
Page 26: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz
Page 27: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz
Page 28: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz
Page 29: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz
Page 30: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz
Page 31: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz
Page 32: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz
Page 33: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz

• Zin=140C/λ=140Ω

Page 34: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz
Page 35: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz
Page 36: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz
Page 37: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz

• It is right-hand circularly-polarized (RHCP) operating between 100–160 MHz with a gain of about 6 dB at 100 MHz and 12.8 dB at 160 MHz. The right-hand winding of the wire is clearly shown in the photo. The axial ratio is about 8 dB at 100 MHz and 2 dB at 160 MHz. The maximum VSWR in the stated operating frequency, relative to a 50-ohm line, does not exceed 3:1.

Page 38: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz
Page 39: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz
Page 40: )لاکيله( یچيپرام نتنآ · 2014-04-30 · Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz

Experimental models of such an antenna were designed and built [13] one operating around 350 MHz and the other near 1.2 GHz. A sketch of one of them is shown in Figure 10.18. The measured VSWR in the 1.15–1.32 GHz frequency range was less than2:1. This type of an antenna is very useful in UHF communication networks where considerable amount of fading may exist. In such cases the fading of the horizontal and vertical components are affected differently and will not vary in the same manner. Hopefully, even in severe cases, there will always be one component all the time which is being affected less than the other, thus providing continuous communication. The same results would apply in VHF and/or UHF broadcasting. In addition, a transmitting antenna of this type would also provide the versatility to receive with horizontally or vertically polarized elements, providing a convenience in the architectural design of the receiving station.