Въведение в sap2000 - uacg.bguacg.bg/filebank/att_6135.pdf · Университет по...
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-
SAP2000
. . - .
1
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,
2
2
1 . 3
2 . 5
3 . 21
4 . 49
5 . 71
6 . 91
7 . AutoCAD SAP2000 142
8 . 169
SAP2000
I 190
EN 1990
II 196
, .
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3
1.
3
SAP 2000
.
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,
,
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4
4
.
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SAP 2000
,
.
SAP2000.
.
,
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5
2. .
5
-
,
6
- File New
Model. kN,m,C
( , ,
).
6
-
,
7
Blank .
dxf
.
Grid Only
(grid lines).
.
Beam
number of spans . 2D
Trusses .
2D Frames . Numer of
Stories , Number of Bays
. Story Height Bay Width
.
7
-
,
8
Options - ,
.
8
-
,
9
Options
(Set Menu Level) : Advanced.
Windows ,
.
. .
9
-
,
10
Reset
Toolbars
.
,
frame
, -
.
Options -> Colors
10
-
,
11
Background
.
Frames - frame
- , Frame
Distributed Loads -
,
Restraints
, Q N .
11
-
,
12
frame
Options
Dimensions/Tolerans.
Dimensions
/Tolerances Preferences.
Screen Line Thickness
3 ( 1)
Minimum Graphic Font Size
6 (
3) Reset
to Defaults
12
-
,
13
.
File / New Model -> Beam
Beam
; Number of Spans : 2 ; Span Length : 6
( 6 ).
13
-
,
14
3D
() XZ.
XZ.
3D
.
Zoom in -
10%.
View / Zoom in One
14
-
,
15
Zoom out -
10%.
View / Zoom out One
Previous Zoom
Rubber Band Zoom
.
,
.
15
-
,
16
Rubber Band Zoom
Restore Full View ,
.
Restore Full View
16
-
,
17
Pan ,
.
.
frame -
:
17
-
,
18
View / Set Display Options.
18
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,
19
.
.
19
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,
20
X Y Z.
1 , 2 3
(frame)
.
20
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,
21
21
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22
3.
22
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23
1. :
.
:
-
- , Q N
-
- 180
. , frame
.
23
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,
24
24
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,
25
,
. frame ,
25
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,
26
.
File New Model,
Grid Only.
(Quick
Grid Lines)
26
-
,
27
Number of Grid Lines. X 5,
, XZ,
Y 1. Z 3
. Grid Spacing
. X Z
1.1 1.8 , Y
Y direction
.
.
First Grid Line Location
.
.
27
-
,
28
.
28
-
,
29
Edit Grid
Data.
29
-
,
30
Modify/Show System.
Define Grid System Data,
.
.
Grids Only ()
.
30
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,
31
-
31
-
,
32
OK
Coordinate/
Grid Systems
OK.
32
-
,
33
33
-
,
34
frame . Draw
Draw Frame/Cable/Tendon.
,
. ,
frame
.
,
. ,
, Escape
.
34
-
,
35
35
-
,
36
: ,
. Assign Joints,
Restraints.
.
1
2 Y
3 Z
36
-
,
37
5 6
1,2 3.
7 ,
1 2.
37
-
,
38
(frame) :
- 1 .
.
- 2 1 xz.
Z.
, 2
.
- 3 XZ (
Y ,
1 2.
38
-
,
39
39
-
,
40
3:
,
frame
. frame
( ),
Assign Frame -> Releases/Partial Fixity
frame 2 5 Moment 33 End
frame 3 - Moment 33 Start.
40
-
,
41
41
-
,
42
Axial Load N , Shear Force 2 Q . 1,2,3
frame ,
1.
, .
,
frame Mirror ,
, Set
Display Options.
42
-
,
43
:
frame 4:
Assign -> Frame Loads
-> Point
43
-
,
44
Frame Point Loads
Forces, Local
2 ( ).
frame ,
:
= 2.52 + 52
- .
,
0.5. Load -100kN,
2.
44
-
,
45
4 :
:
- 3
- 4 Assign -> Joint Loads ->Forces
45
-
,
46
,
Y
(
. )
46
-
,
47
47
-
,
48
. :
4 50kNm.
48
,
2
-
,
49
4.
- .
File -> New Model . New Model
:
kN , m, Co . Beam .
49
-
,
50
50
-
,
51
, ,
.
View Set Display Options
Labels Frame/Cable/Tendon.
51
-
,
52
52
-
,
53
53
-
,
54
Path Data
Add
frame
,
.
54
-
,
55
Define Moving Loads ->
Vehicles. ,
Choose Vehicle Type
to Add.
55
-
,
56
56
-
,
57
Define -> Moving Loads -> Vehicle Classes
57
-
,
58
58
-
,
59
59
-
,
60
Define Add New Load Cases
60
-
,
61
61
-
,
62
62
-
,
63
63
-
,
64
Assign Set Analysis Options.
Plane Frame .
64
-
,
65
Display Show Influence Lines
-
:
- 1
- 2 Y
- 3 Z
65
-
,
66
Frame
66
-
,
67
67
-
,
68
Q
68
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,
69
69
-
,
70
.
70
-
,
71
5. .
. [1]:
.
71
-
,
72
72
-
,
73
:
b = 0.4 . h = 0.8 .
E = 3*107 kN/m2
= 1*10-5 1/0
.
.
73
-
,
74
Define Material,
Define Materials, Add New Material.
Material Property Data
Material Name and Display Color : MATERIAL
Modulas Of Elastisity, E : 3E+07 [kN/m2]
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion, A : 1E-05
[1/Co]
74
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,
75
75
-
,
76
:
Define Section Properties, Frame
Sections, Frame Properties
76
-
,
77
77
-
,
78
.
. ,
.
concrete.
- >
78
-
,
79
79
-
,
80
Section Name (
, FSEC2)
Material ,
.
Dimensions
-
Depth (t3) 0.8 Width (t2) 0.4
t3 = 0.8
3 frame .
t2 = 0.4
2 frame .
OK Frame
Properties - FSEC2
80
-
,
81
( Ctrl +
Enter) Assign -
:
Assign / Frame / Frame Sections
Frame Properties
.
81
-
,
82
frame
82
-
,
83
: AC, CD, DE
t =18+24
2= 3
t = 24 18 = 42
: BD
t =24+24
2= 24
t = 24 24 = 0
83
-
,
84
t AC, CD, DE :
frame .
Assign Frame Loads / Temperature
Frame Temperature Loading
84
-
,
85
85
-
,
86
:
.
- AC :
86
-
,
87
e
t1 t2 , t2
2.
(-18 24 )/0,8 = -52,5
87
-
,
88
CD DE
24 - (- 18) / 0,8 = 52,5
88
-
,
89
89
-
,
90
BD -
- .
.
-
,
:
[kN,mm,oC ].
90
-
,
91
5. .
,
[5].
.
91
-
,
92
- :
92
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,
93
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93
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,
94
-
94
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,
95
-
95
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,
96
: ,
,
.
File New Model Grid Only.
2,4
Y , .
96
-
,
97
97
-
,
98
98
-
,
99
,
frame
.
99
-
,
100
,
.
Edit -> Edit Lines ->
Divide Frames
100
-
,
101
Frame :
101
-
,
102
Divide Selected Frames
Number of Frames 2 , Last/First
Ratio 0,5 ( - )
.5
102
-
,
103
:
Ctrl + A ,
, .
103
-
,
104
Edit Replicate, - Mirror
Parallel to Z (,
, Z.)
XY :
,
.
104
-
,
105
105
-
,
106
106
-
,
107
:
Assign -> Frame -> Releases/Partial Fixity
Moment 3-3 Start End.
107
-
,
108
:
Define Load Patterns
:
108
-
,
109
Gk DEAD.
,
.
Sl, Sr , (
Gk)
LIVE
109
-
,
110
Define Load Cases
110
-
,
111
Gk:
Assign -
> Joint Loads-Forces.
Joint Forces
111
-
,
112
:
EN 1990 - 1 [1],[2]
Define Load Combinations
Define Load Combinations Add New
Combo.
112
-
,
113
113
-
,
114
1.35 ,
1.5. Scale Factor.
:
: GkSl
: GkSr
Define Load Combinations
.
114
-
,
115
115
-
,
116
EN 19931-1
GkSk1 Gk = 1.0; Sk = 1.0
GkSk Gk = 1.35; S = 1.5
GkSl Gk = 1.35; Sl = 1.5
GkSr Gk = 1.35; Sr = 1.5
116
-
,
117
-
S235
:
117
-
,
118
:
2L 10
. :
2L 50.50.5
2L 56.56.5
2L 70.70.6
2L 75.75.7
2l 80.80.7
2L 110.110.7
Section
Builder
118
-
,
119
Define -> Section Properties -> Frame Sections ->
Add New Property
119
-
,
120
120
-
,
121
121
-
,
122
122
-
,
123
XY.
L .
.
123
-
,
124
124
-
,
125
2L
.
,
. Width 0,23 ,
Separation 0.01 .
Sap2000
.
Define -> Section Properties ->Frame Sections
125
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,
126
126
-
,
127
.
127
-
,
128
.
128
-
,
129
i3 i2
9.6 1.53 2.45
9.5 1.54 2.47 sect. builder
1.0% -0.7% -0.8%
10.82 1.72 2.69
10.7 1.73 2.71 sect. builder
1.1% -0.6% -0.7%
16.3 2.15 3.25
16.08 2.17 3.29 sect. builder
1.3% -0.9% -1.2%
20.15 2.3 3.47
20.02 2.32 3.47 sect. builder
0.6% -0.9% 0.0%
21.6 2.45 3.67
21.4 2.48 3.71 sect. builder
0.9% -1.2% -1.1%
30.4 3.4 4.85
29.8 3.44 4.92 sect. builder
2.0% -1.2% -1.4%
50.50.5
56.56.5
70.70.6
75.75.7
80.80.7
110.110.7
,
1 2
.
, Section Designer [8]
-
,
130
USections.
, .
Design -> Steel Frame Design -> View / Revise Preferences.
Steel Frame Design Preferences
130
-
,
131
.
131
-
,
132
.
Design -> Steel Frame Design -> Set Displacement Targets
4 6 . 1/300
.
132
-
,
133
:
Sap2000
133
-
,
134
DSTL2,
134
-
,
135
135
-
,
136
136
-
,
137
Steel
Frame Design.
137
-
,
138
, Design -> Steel
Frame Design -> Start Design -> Check of Structure.
138
-
,
139
.
. Sap2000 ,
, AutoSelect.
,
.
( VD) - 50% .
2L .
.
139
-
,
140
VD.
140
-
,
141
.
141
-
,
142
7. AutoCAD SAP2000
Massprop AutoCAD.
1,
.
142
-
,
143
,
Region.
: Region Created.
Massprop ,
: Select Objects: .
.
:
143
-
,
144
,
.
, .
REGIONS ----------------
Area: 3550.0000
Perimeter: 379.2541
Bounding box: X: -30.0000 -- 30.0000
Y: 0.0000 -- 120.0000
Centroid: X: 0.0000
Y: 50.4085
Moments of inertia: X: 14747458.3333
Y: 564593.3333
144
-
,
145
Product of inertia: XY: 0.0000
Radii of gyration: X: 64.4532
Y: 12.6111
Principal moments and X-Y directions about centroid:
I: 564593.3333 along [0.0000 1.0000]
J: 5726866.0798 along [-1.0000 0.0000]
.
:
Area: 3550.0000 - .
Perimeter: 379.2541 - .
Bounding box: X: -30.0000 -- 30.0000
Y: 0.0000 -- 120.0000
145
-
,
146
: (-30,0) (30,120).
Moments of inertia: X: 14747458.3333 Y: 564593.3333
X Y
Product of inertia: XY: 0.0000
.
Radii of gyration: X: 64.4532
Y: 12.6111
146
-
,
147
Principal moments and X-Y directions about centroid:
I: 564593.3333 along [0.0000 1.0000]
J: 5726866.0798 along [-1.0000 0.0000]
I J.
:
147
-
,
148
Area: 5200.0000
Perimeter: 360.0000
Bounding box:
X: 0.0000 -- 80.0000
Y: 0.0000 -- 100.0000
148
-
,
149
Centroid: X: 29.2308
Y: 41.9231
Moments of inertia: X: 13693333.3333
Y: 6613333.3333
Product of inertia: XY: 5080000.0000
Radii of gyration: X: 51.3160
Y: 35.6622
Principal moments and X-Y directions about centroid:
I: 1604129.4899 along [0.4013 -0.9160]
J: 5120229.4844 along [0.9160 0.4013]
149
-
,
150
150
-
,
151
():
151
-
,
152
Region ,
( ).
Subtract
:
Subtract Select objects:
, - .
Massprop
.
:
152
-
,
153
Area: 88.0000
Perimeter: 88.0000
: 10*16 - 12*6 = 88 2.
:
2*(16 + 10) + 2*(6 + 12) = 88 .
153
-
,
154
:
154
-
,
155
Region:
.
2 Regions created.
Union
().
Command: union
Select objects: Specify opposite corner: 2 found
. -
,
.
Massprop.
155
-
,
156
156
-
,
157
Area: 34.0000
Perimeter: 72.0000
Bounding box: X: -7.5000 -- 7.5000
Y: -4.5000 -- 4.5000
Centroid: X: 0.0000
Y: 0.0000
Moments of inertia: X: 378.8333
Y: 1228.8333
Product of inertia: XY: 0.0000
Radii of gyration: X: 3.3380
Y: 6.0118
Principal moments and X-Y directions about centroid:
I: 378.8333 along [1.0000 0.0000]
J: 1228.8333 along [0.0000 1.0000]
157
-
,
158
massprop ( AutoCAD) SAP2000.
158
-
,
159
159
-
,
160
160
-
,
161
, AutoCAD,
dxf .
161
-
,
162
.
Mirror
. Divide
8 .
( SAP2000 frame
).
162
-
,
163
,
(frame )
163
-
,
164
Sap_frames
AutoCAD (frame )
. frame
MOVE a
(0,0). .dxf
Sap2000
.dxf . :
File > New Model -> Blank (
).
File >Import -> AutoCAD .dxf File .
164
-
,
165
Sap2000 .
: AutoCAD
( y ,
XY AutoCAD
XZ Sap2000. , y
AutoCAD , Z Sap2000.
165
-
,
166
166
-
,
167
167
-
,
168
,
, ,
dxf
.
24
frame .
168
-
,
169
169
8.
SAP2000
:
- ,
;
- ;
-
P-D .
-
,
170
170
.
-
,
171
171
16
. Assign / Frame Tension/Compression Limits
Assign / Frame
Tension/Compression Limits.
,
.
-
,
172
172
-
,
173
173
,
.
-
,
174
174
-
,
175
175
-
,
176
176
-
,
177
177
.
-
,
178
178
-
, .
.
.
-
,
179
179
.
, e
LEFT RIGHT.
.
-
,
180
180
-
,
181
181
P-D .
,
60 18 5 .
.
.
.
S235.
: HE 260A HE 700x352
-
,
182
182
:
-
,
,
, 1
,
,
0.5*6 3.5 6.5 /
6.5*1.35 8.78 /
EN 1991-1-3 [5]:
* * * * *
2.2*0.8*1*1*6*0.8 8.45 /
8.45*1.5 12.68 /
k r
d r
k r k e t
k r
d r
g kN m
g kN m
s s c c b c
s kN m
s kN m
, ,
, , 0
:
8.78 12.68 21.45 /
* 8.78 12.68*0.5 15.12 /
( I )
I
r d r d r
II
r d r d r
q g s kN m
q g s kN m
-
,
183
183
:
- :
,
,
, ,10 ,0
,
,
6*0.5 0.68 3.68 /
3.68*1.35 5 /
EN 1991-1-4 [7]
( )* * * * *
1.93*0.705*0.42*1*1*6 3.43 /
3
k c
d c
k cL e pe b season dir
k cL
d cL
g kN m
g kN m
w c z c q c c b
w kN m
w
,10
,
,
.43*1.5 5.15 /
0.31
1.93* 0.31*0.42*1*1*6 1.51 /
1.51*1.5 2.26 /
pe
k cR
d cR
kN m
c
w kN m
w kN m
-
A B C D E
h/d cpe,10 cpe,1 cpe,10 cpe,1 cpe,10 cpe,1 cpe,10 cpe,1 cpe,10 cpe,1
5 -1,2 -1,4 -0,8 -1,1 -0,5 +0,8 +1,0 -0,7
1 -1,2 -1,4 -0,8 -1,1 -0,5 +0,8 +1,0 -0,5
0,25 -1,2 -1,4 -0,8 -1,1 -0,5 +0,7 +1,0 -0,3
Z [m] . I . V .
1 1.08 1.28 1.18
2 1.42 1.28 1.18
3 1.64 1.28 1.18
4 1.80 1.28 1.18
5 1.93 1.28 1.18
6 2.04 1.39 1.18
7 2.13 1.48 1.18
8 2.21 1.57 1.18
9 2.29 1.64 1.18
10 2.35 1.71 1.18
11 2.41 1.77 1.24
12 2.47 1.83 1.29
13 2.52 1.88 1.35
14 2.57 1.93 1.40
15 2.62 1.98 1.44
100 4.01 3.45 2.93
Ce(Z)
:
-
,
185
185
,
, 0
, 0
,
,
:
- I
3.68*1.35 5 /
1.5* * 1.5*3.43*0.6 3.05 /
1.5* * 1.5*2.26*0.6 1.36 /
- II
3.68*1.35 5 /
1.5* 1.5*
d c
I
dcL k cL
I
dcR k cR
d c
I
dcL k cL
g kN m
w w kN m
w w kN m
g kN m
w w
,
3.43 5.15 /
1.5* 1.5*2.26 3.39 /IdcR k cR
kN m
w w kN m
-
,
186
186
-
,
187
187
Define / Load Cases :
-
,
188
188
-
,
189
189
.
.
I kNm
II
kNm
: 30.16 56.11
II :
32.1 58.72
: 6.4% 4.7%
-
,
190
190
1
EN 1990 [2]
ikJ i
iiQkQPjkjG QQpG ,,,,,,, """"""
1 1
011
:
Gk,j J ;
G,i J ;
P ;
P ;
Qk,1 ;
Q,1
-;
-
,
191
191
( ) :
1,5 1,35. 1,0,Q G
STR
ikJ i
ikdjk QQApG ,,,,,, "")(""""""
1 1
211211
1,1 2,1
1,1
1.
EN 1991-2 .
-
,
192
192
, 2, ,
1 1
" " " " " "k j Ed i kiJ i
G p A Q
-
,
193
193
1
50 ;
1%
;
50 % .
-
,
194
194
0 1 2
( EN
1991-1-1):
:
0,7
0,5
0,3
: 0,7 0,5 0,3
: , 0,7 0,7 0,6
D: 0,7 0,7 0,6
: 1,0 0,9 0,8
F:
30 kN
0,7
0,7
0,6
G:
30 kN,
160 kN
0,7
0,5
0,3
-
,
195
195
0 1 2
H: 0 0 0
( EN 1991-1-3)*:
- , , ,
- - CEN,
- 1 000 m
- - CEN,
1 000 m
0,7
0,7
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,2
0,2
0,2
0
( EN 1991-1-4) 0,6 0,2 0
( ) ( EN 1991-1-5) 0,6 0,5 0
: .
* - , .
-
,
196
:
.
2
,
.
-
,
197
Assign Frame Loads
/ Distributed. .
Forces
.
Coord Sys
.
-
,
198
-
Z.
Z
,
Load
- .
,
Options
Add to Existing
Loads (
.)
-
,
199
, , -
, -
.
.
.
-
,
200
projected
:
Direction Z.
5 ,
50 kN.
-
,
201
Projected Z ,
10 kN/m
.
-
,
202
- Display
Show Forces/Stresses Frame/Cable/Tendon
Case/Combo Name
.
Component
:
- Axial Force N
- Shear 2-2 -
2
- Shear 3-3 -
3
-
,
203
Torsion
Moment 2-2 - 2.
Moment 3-3 - 3.
Scale
.
Options
.
:
-
,
204
M
.
:
Diagrams for Frame Object1.
-
,
205
Items
,
. (
2
3).
N
: Axial [P and T].
Deflection -
.
Location :
.
-
,
206
File / Export Sap2000 MS Excel SpreadSheet.xls File.
.
.
206
-
,
207
,
,
.
207
-
,
208
,
Data Data Filter.
, N
(P) Remove
Duplicates
208
-
,
209
209
-
,
210
210
-
,
211
211
:
1. . I
, 2001
2. EN 1990
3. EN 1990
- .
4. EN 1993 1 - 3
. 1-3: .
.
5. EN 1993 1 - 3
. 1-3: .
. .
-
,
212
212
6. EN 1993 1 - 4
. 1-4: .
.
7. EN 1993 1 - 4
. 1-4: .
. .
8. . ,
2004
9.
SAP2000 . . , . . , . .
. - , , 2012
-
,
213
213
10. CSI Analysis Reference Manual For SAP2000, ETABS,
SAFE and CSiBridge
Berkeley, California, USA
11. Handbook1 Basis of Structural Design. Leonardo da Vinci
Project