1)1) The term The term Ancient GreeceAncient Greece refers to the period of refers to the period of Greek history lasting from the Greek Dark Ages Greek history lasting from the Greek Dark Ages ca. 1100 BC and the Dorian invasion, to 146 BC ca. 1100 BC and the Dorian invasion, to 146 BC

and the Roman conquest of Greece after the and the Roman conquest of Greece after the battle of Corinth.battle of Corinth.

2)2) It is generally considered to be the seminal It is generally considered to be the seminal culture which provided the foundation of culture which provided the foundation of Western civilization. Greek culture had a Western civilization. Greek culture had a

powerful influence on the Roman Empire, which powerful influence on the Roman Empire, which carried a version of it to many parts of Europe.carried a version of it to many parts of Europe.

3) The civilization of the ancient Greeks has 3) The civilization of the ancient Greeks has been immensely influential on the been immensely influential on the language, language,

politics, educational systems, philosophy, politics, educational systems, philosophy, science, and artsscience, and arts, giving rise to the Renaissance , giving rise to the Renaissance in Western Europe and again resurgent during in Western Europe and again resurgent during various neo-Classical revivals in 18th and 19th various neo-Classical revivals in 18th and 19th

century Europe and the Americas.century Europe and the Americas.

Important Types of Greek Important Types of Greek Construction/TermsConstruction/Terms

1) 1) ShaftShaft2) 2) Lintel/ArchitraveLintel/Architrave3) 3) ColumnColumn4) 4) CapitolCapitol5) 5) EntablatureEntablature6) 6) FriezeFrieze7) 7) CorniceCornice8) 8) PedimentPediment9) 9) StylobateStylobate10) 10) Ranking CorniceRanking Cornice

The Three Orders of Decorative StyleThe Three Orders of Decorative Style

The Three Orders of Decorative StyleThe Three Orders of Decorative Style

The Doric Order The principle feature is a simple, heavy

column without a base, topped by a broad, plain capitol.

a) The Parthenon was built using this style.

The Three Orders of Decorative StyleThe Three Orders of Decorative Style2)2)The Ionic Order The Ionic Order These columns had an

elaborate base and a capitol carved into double scrolls that looked like the horns of a ram.a)This style was more elegant than the Doric order.b)This style was suitable from small temples.c)Was later used on lager structures: EX. Erechtheum-which is located near the Parthenon and contained the famous porch, “Porch of Maidens”d) Temple of Athena Nike was built using this style.

3) The Corinthian Order This style of capitol is elongated

and decorated with leaves.a) Most elaborate of a 3 ordersb) This style was originally used on only columns inside of a building, but later was used on the outside as well.c)The Monument of Lysicrates is a great example of this style.

Famous Greek ArchitectureFamous Greek Architecture The AcropolisThe Acropolis

Famous Greek Architecture:Famous Greek Architecture: The AcropolisThe Acropolis

1)1) Is a mass of rock that rises abruptly Is a mass of rock that rises abruptly 500ft above 500ft above the city.the city.

2) This erected city on the hill was like a giant 2) This erected city on the hill was like a giant pedestal that symbolized the glory of Athens.pedestal that symbolized the glory of Athens.

3)3) The The AcropolisAcropolis is made up of several buildings that is made up of several buildings that included: temples, statues, massive flights of included: temples, statues, massive flights of stairs.stairs.

4)4) The western border is where the huge statue of The western border is where the huge statue of Athena is located. Her spear served as a signal to Athena is located. Her spear served as a signal to ships at sea.ships at sea.

5)5) The statue of Athena was created by the famous The statue of Athena was created by the famous sculptor sculptor Phidias.Phidias.

6) The Acropolis, though mostly in ruins, still 6) The Acropolis, though mostly in ruins, still stands today and is a great reminder of a great stands today and is a great reminder of a great civilization.civilization.

http://www.history.com/topics/ancient-greece/videos#deconstructing-history-the-acropolis

Famous Greek ArchitectureFamous Greek Architecture The ParthenonThe Parthenon

Famous Greek ArchitectureFamous Greek Architecture The ParthenonThe Parthenon

1. Pericles, the Athenian leader, used funds from the treasury of the Delian League to build the Parthenon.

2. It took 10 years to complete the Parthenon.3. This structure represented the Greek Architecture to

the fullest with the use of: a) post-and-lintel construction

b) Sloping or gabled roof c) Colonnade

4. Its a simple rectangular building placed on a 3 stepped platform.

5. It contained 2 rooms: 1)Had the Treasury of the Delian League (smaller room), 2) Contained a large gold/ivory statue of Athena (larger room).

Famous Greek ArchitectureFamous Greek Architecture The ParthenonThe Parthenon6) Religious ceremonies were held outside in front of

the Parthenon by the people of Athens.

7) Not many people were allowed in the Parthenon, so because of this, there was NO need for windows or interior decorations.

8.) All the attention was placed on the exterior of the building:

a) Bright colors were used to paint the structure. b) Blues, reds, greens and yellows were used. c) Gold was used for detailed purposes.

9) Much of the exterior decorations have since worn away due to weather exposure.

Famous Greek Famous Greek ArchitectureArchitecture

Temple of Athena Nike Temple of Athena Nike

Famous Greek ArchitectureFamous Greek Architecture

ErechtheumErechtheum

Porch of the Porch of the MaidensMaidens

Famous Greek ArchitectureFamous Greek Architecture Temple of Athena Nike Temple of Athena Nike

1) Built on the Acropolis between 427-424 BC2) It was a place of worship.3) It was much smaller then many of the other

buildings on the Acropolis.4) Nike means “Victory” and the Greeks

worshipped Athena as the goddess of wisdom.

5) It’s style was Ionic and a four column structure.

Famous Greek ArchitectureFamous Greek Architecture ErechtheumErechtheum

1)1) It’s a temple located directly opposite the It’s a temple located directly opposite the Parthenon.Parthenon.

2)2) Erechtheus was a legendary king of Athens who Erechtheus was a legendary king of Athens who was supposedly the foster son of Athena.was supposedly the foster son of Athena.

3)3) This building was unique because it had two This building was unique because it had two porches, one larger than the other.porches, one larger than the other.

4)4) One of these porches is known as the One of these porches is known as the “Porch of the “Porch of the Maidens”Maidens”

5)5) The roof of the “Porch of the Maidens” is supported The roof of the “Porch of the Maidens” is supported by six caryatids or columns carved to look like by six caryatids or columns carved to look like female figures.female figures.

Four Major Greek StylesFour Major Greek StylesGeometric Style(900-700 BCE) Vases, etc. were

decorated in Geometric style exhibit painted horizontal bands filled with patterns: bands covering the entire vase or object usually had triple lines dividing patterned zones at regular intervals.

Archaic Style(700-625 BCE) Greek artists try to achieve realistic likeness in picturing the human figure, and the statues are a far cry from the extremely abstract figures of the geometric style which preceded. In fact, the statues show the influence of Egyptian art in its stiffness, gracefulness, and idealization.

Classical Style(480-325 BCE) Is characterized by a

joyous freedom of movement, freedom of expression, and it celebrates mankind as an independent entity. Artist’s worked in expressing the human figure in a more naturalistic manner.

Hellenistic Style(325-30 BCE) This era expanded it’s formal horizons with dramatic posing, sweeping lines, and high contrast of light, shadow and emotions. The conventions and rules of the classical period gave way to the experimentation and a sense of freedom that allowed the artist to explore his subjects from different unique points of view.

GEOMETRIC PERIODGEOMETRIC PERIOD::1) Votive offerings of bronze and terracotta, and

painted scenes on monumental vessels attest to a renewed interest in figural imagery that focuses on funerary rituals and the heroic world of aristocratic warriors and their equipment.

2) The armed warrior, the chariot, and the horse are the most familiar symbols of the Geometric period.

3) Surviving material shows a mastery of the major media—turning, decorating, and firing terracotta vases; casting and coldworking bronze; engraving gems; and working gold.

1) The only significant medium that had not yet evolved was that of monumental stone sculpture—large-scale cult images most likely were constructed of a perishable material such as wood.

2) Instead, powerful bronze figurines and monumental clay vases manifest the clarity and order that are, perhaps, the most salient characteristics of Greek art.

Archaic StyleArchaic StyleGREEK VASE WORKGREEK VASE WORK

1)1) Vases during this period started out as Vases during this period started out as being decorated with bands of simple being decorated with bands of simple geometric patterns which included: geometric patterns which included: triangles, lines and simple stick figures. triangles, lines and simple stick figures. (Geometric Period)(Geometric Period)

2)2) Many of the vases were used in much the Many of the vases were used in much the same way as tombstones are used today same way as tombstones are used today as grave markers.as grave markers.

3)3) In pottery, the Archaic period sees the In pottery, the Archaic period sees the development of the Orientalizing style , which development of the Orientalizing style , which signals a shift from the Geometric Style of the signals a shift from the Geometric Style of the later Dark Ages.later Dark Ages.

4)4) Later on, many of the figures were added to Later on, many of the figures were added to these vases. Many of the figures appear on these vases. Many of the figures appear on either side that represents the deceased.either side that represents the deceased.

5) Over time, these vases became more life like 5) Over time, these vases became more life like and began to tell stories.and began to tell stories.EXAMPLEEXAMPLE:: Vase with Ajax and Achilles Playing Vase with Ajax and Achilles Playing DiceDiceThis vase was created by the artist ExekiasThis vase was created by the artist Exekias

Vase with Ajax and Achilles Vase with Ajax and Achilles Playing DicePlaying Dice

1) This particular vase was created by the artist Exekias.1) This particular vase was created by the artist Exekias.

2) It’s an image of 2 Greek generals playing a board game.2) It’s an image of 2 Greek generals playing a board game.

3) They story is set up like a modern day comic strip.3) They story is set up like a modern day comic strip.

4) They are having a verbal conversation between each other.4) They are having a verbal conversation between each other.

5) They are so immersed in their game, for a brief moment 5) They are so immersed in their game, for a brief moment they have forgotten they are at war and they are two they have forgotten they are at war and they are two ordinary people lost in a friendly board game.ordinary people lost in a friendly board game.

Exekias’ Use of Exekias’ Use of RealismRealism

1)1) Exekias Exekias wanted to make his vase design (Ajax and Achilles) wanted to make his vase design (Ajax and Achilles) seem as realistic as possible.seem as realistic as possible.

2) He carefully drew in the facial features, hands and feet, even 2) He carefully drew in the facial features, hands and feet, even though the eyes have an Egyptian art feel to them.though the eyes have an Egyptian art feel to them.

3) His particular design and layout complements the vase he 3) His particular design and layout complements the vase he painted it on:painted it on:Example 1Example 1: : The curved backs of the figures follow the curves of The curved backs of the figures follow the curves of the vase.the vase.Example 2Example 2:: The lines of the spears continue the lines of the two The lines of the spears continue the lines of the two handles and then carry the viewers eye to the board game.handles and then carry the viewers eye to the board game.

4) The board game is the 4) The board game is the Focal Point (or) Emphasis Focal Point (or) Emphasis of the art piece.of the art piece.

5) During this time artists used less and less of the once popular 5) During this time artists used less and less of the once popular Geometric Style and also artists began signing their work.Geometric Style and also artists began signing their work.*This showed their pride for their work.*This showed their pride for their work.

Vase with Ajax and Achilles Playing Vase with Ajax and Achilles Playing DiceDice

Learning the Importance of Greek sculptures : WHY and HOW they were created:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=88gXWW3qN7ov=88gXWW3qN7o

Archaic Period Sculpture1) 1) Sculpture in limestone and marble, terra Sculpture in limestone and marble, terra

cotta, bronze, wood and rarer metals was cotta, bronze, wood and rarer metals was used to adorn temples and funerary used to adorn temples and funerary monuments both free-standing and in relief. monuments both free-standing and in relief. The themes were mythical or from daily life. The themes were mythical or from daily life. Life-size statues began suddenly at about Life-size statues began suddenly at about 650 BC. 650 BC.

2) During the period, the major sculptural 2) During the period, the major sculptural forms were the forms were the kouros kouros and its female and its female equivalent the kore. equivalent the kore.

Greek Sculptures: Archaic Period

1) Sculptors during this period concentrated on carving large, freestanding figures known as: a) Kouroi-Plural form of Kouros meaning youth.

b) Korai- Plural form of Kore meaning maiden.

Greek Sculptures: Archaic Period

Kouros SculptureKouros Sculpture1) This was a sculpture of a male youth who was either a 1) This was a sculpture of a male youth who was either a

god or an athlete.god or an athlete.

2) It resembles Egyptian sculptures in that it has a stiff 2) It resembles Egyptian sculptures in that it has a stiff and stright pose.and stright pose.

For ExampleFor Example: Both legs are flat on the: Both legs are flat on the ground.ground.

3) S3) Sculptors later learned how to fix this pose to look culptors later learned how to fix this pose to look more natural and relaxed by bending and twisting more natural and relaxed by bending and twisting their figures.their figures.

4) Details of hair, eyes, mouth and chest are exactly 4) Details of hair, eyes, mouth and chest are exactly alike on both sides which is another similar feature to alike on both sides which is another similar feature to Egyptian art.Egyptian art.

Kouros Kouros SculptureSculpture

5)5) A Greek style incorporated is the separation of A Greek style incorporated is the separation of the arms from the body and the open space the arms from the body and the open space between the legs.between the legs.

6) 6) There is a debate that this sculpture represents There is a debate that this sculpture represents the sun god Apollo (or) he is a great athlete.the sun god Apollo (or) he is a great athlete.

7)7) His facial features are unusual to Greek sculpture His facial features are unusual to Greek sculpture in that there’s the appearance of A) bulging in that there’s the appearance of A) bulging eyes, B) square chin and C) a mouth with slightly eyes, B) square chin and C) a mouth with slightly up turned corners.up turned corners.

8) 8) Sculptors during this time, wanted their Sculptors during this time, wanted their sculptures to look more natural and sculptures to look more natural and THE USE OF A THE USE OF A SMILE WAS A STEP IN THAT DIRECTION!SMILE WAS A STEP IN THAT DIRECTION!

Hera of SamosHera of Samos

1)1) The The Hera of Samos Hera of Samos was a female sculpture which is was a female sculpture which is also known as a also known as a Korai.Korai.

2)2) KoraiKorai were clothed women, often goddesses that were were clothed women, often goddesses that were carved during the Archaic Period.carved during the Archaic Period.

3)3) She looks like a stone cylinder and she has the same She looks like a stone cylinder and she has the same stiff pose as the stiff pose as the Kouros.Kouros. BUT the one arm is held BUT the one arm is held lightly against the body and the feet are placed very lightly against the body and the feet are placed very close together.close together.

4)4) There are There are NO open spaces or separation like the NO open spaces or separation like the KourosKouros, BUT there is the use of a , BUT there is the use of a surface pattern surface pattern (lines) which adds textural interest.(lines) which adds textural interest.

5)5) The folds in the garment gently follows the subtle The folds in the garment gently follows the subtle curves of the figure.curves of the figure.

6)6) This statue is roughly 6 ft in height and was an This statue is roughly 6 ft in height and was an impressive symbol of authority and dignity.impressive symbol of authority and dignity.

Hera of Hera of SamosSamos

The Classical PeriodThe Classical Period Art Historians today divide this period into three phases, based on the Art Historians today divide this period into three phases, based on the

formal qualities of the art:formal qualities of the art:

11) Early Classical Period) Early Classical Period (480-450 BCE) (480-450 BCE)

2) 2) Mature Classical Period Mature Classical Period (450-400BCE)(450-400BCE)

3) 3) Late Classical Period Late Classical Period (400-325 BCE) (400-325 BCE)

The Classical PeriodThe Classical Period 1) 1) The Early Classical period is deemed to have begun after The Early Classical period is deemed to have begun after

Athens’ double defeat of the Persian invaders in 490 and Athens’ double defeat of the Persian invaders in 490 and 479 BC but a new feeling of self-confidence was already 479 BC but a new feeling of self-confidence was already in the air about 500 BC, possibly as a result of the firm in the air about 500 BC, possibly as a result of the firm establishment of democracy in Athens 10 years earlier. establishment of democracy in Athens 10 years earlier.

2)2) By now the Archaic color and pattern were gone from By now the Archaic color and pattern were gone from vase painting, to be replaced by sobriety and dignity....vase painting, to be replaced by sobriety and dignity....

This brief period is more than a mere transition from This brief period is more than a mere transition from Archaic to Classical; in the figurative arts a distinctive Archaic to Classical; in the figurative arts a distinctive style developed, in some respects representing as much style developed, in some respects representing as much of a contrast with what came afterward as with what of a contrast with what came afterward as with what went before. went before.

3) 3) Its name—Severe style—is in part an indication that the Its name—Severe style—is in part an indication that the “prettiness” of Archaic art, with its patterns of drapery “prettiness” of Archaic art, with its patterns of drapery and its decisive action,...and its decisive action,...

Early Classical Period ArtEarly Classical Period Art (Sculpture(Sculpture))

GREEK VASE GREEK VASE WORKWORK

1) 1) Geometric StyleGeometric Style 2) 2) Archaic Archaic StyleStyle

3) 3) Classical StyleClassical Style 4) 4) Hellenistic Hellenistic StyleStyle

**Focused more on **Focused more on sculptures and sculptures and

steered away from the steered away from the vase vase paintings.paintings.

Greek Sculpture: Greek Sculpture: Classical Classical PeriodPeriod

During this period, sculptors became more During this period, sculptors became more BOLD BOLD and and SKILLFULSKILLFUL in that they did away with in that they did away with straight, stiff poses and made their figures straight, stiff poses and made their figures appear to move in space.appear to move in space.

Myron’s Discus Thrower Myron’s Discus Thrower is a perfect is a perfect example of this.example of this.

Myron’s Discus ThrowerMyron’s Discus Thrower1) 1) Another name for this sculpture is Another name for this sculpture is DiscobolusDiscobolus

which was created by the sculptor: which was created by the sculptor: Myron.Myron.

2)2) Myron did a wonderful job of doing away with the Myron did a wonderful job of doing away with the old blocky and rigid poses and replaced it with a old blocky and rigid poses and replaced it with a “athletic action.”“athletic action.”

3)3) Myron was known for creating his sculptures out Myron was known for creating his sculptures out of bronze and he of bronze and he NEVERNEVER worked with marble, worked with marble, although most of his art pieces are marble although most of his art pieces are marble reproductions produced during Roman times.reproductions produced during Roman times.

4)4) Most of the ancient Greek’s sculptures were Most of the ancient Greek’s sculptures were either destroyed, melted down, lost or ruined so either destroyed, melted down, lost or ruined so the sculptures you see today were made later on the sculptures you see today were made later on by the Romans.by the Romans.

Sculptures from the AcropolisSculptures from the Acropolis1)1) Phidias was responsible for many of the Greek Phidias was responsible for many of the Greek

sculptures you see today. He was one of the greatest sculptures you see today. He was one of the greatest Greek sculptors and creator of the Greek sculptors and creator of the 2nd2nd sculpture to be sculpture to be discussed: discussed: Athena ParthenosAthena Parthenos

2)2) Phidias also took part in creating other decorations for Phidias also took part in creating other decorations for the Parthenon, in the form of a frieze, which included the Parthenon, in the form of a frieze, which included 350 people and 125 horses in relief sculpture form. It 350 people and 125 horses in relief sculpture form. It was in honor of the parade they held every 4 years to was in honor of the parade they held every 4 years to celebrate Athena.celebrate Athena.

a) a) Procession of HorsemenProcession of Horsemen is a small example of is a small example of Phidias’ relief sculptures.Phidias’ relief sculptures.

b) This work is a great example of movement because b) This work is a great example of movement because of Phidia’s use of light and shadow carved into the of Phidia’s use of light and shadow carved into the drapery and negative space.drapery and negative space.

Athena Athena ParthenosParthenos

1.1. It stood at 42 feet.It stood at 42 feet.

2.2. Her skin was made of the whitest ivoryHer skin was made of the whitest ivory

3.3. One ton of gold was used to fashion her armor and One ton of gold was used to fashion her armor and garmentsgarments

4.4. Precious stones were used for eyes and as other Precious stones were used for eyes and as other decorations.decorations.

5.5. A full scale re-creation is located Nashville, TN.A full scale re-creation is located Nashville, TN.

Nike Fastening her Sandal

1)1) This is a relief sculpture This is a relief sculpture found in the Temple of Athena found in the Temple of Athena Nike.Nike.

2)2) It was created by an unknown sculptor.It was created by an unknown sculptor.

3)3) She is bending down to fasten her sandal.She is bending down to fasten her sandal.4) Another great example of movement is strongly is strongly

shown in the carved drapery.shown in the carved drapery.

5)5) You can You can CLEARLY CLEARLY see the amazing strides Greek sculptors see the amazing strides Greek sculptors have made within 150 year period when comparing this have made within 150 year period when comparing this sculpture with sculpture with Hera of Samos.Hera of Samos.

Nike Fastening her Nike Fastening her SandalSandal

Polyclitus’s Spear Polyclitus’s Spear BearerBearer

1)1) Polyclitus was another famous Greek Sculptor from the Polyclitus was another famous Greek Sculptor from the Classical Period.Classical Period.

2)2) He was famous for introducing the form called He was famous for introducing the form called Contrapposto. (pg. 183)Contrapposto. (pg. 183)

3)3) He specialized in creating sculptures of youthful athletes. He specialized in creating sculptures of youthful athletes. EX. Doryphoros=Spear Bearer.EX. Doryphoros=Spear Bearer.

4)4) This sculptor is a great example of This sculptor is a great example of ContrappostoContrapposto because:because:a) The left leg is bent and the toes lightly touch the a) The left leg is bent and the toes lightly touch the ground.ground.b) The body is slightly turned to show movement so it b) The body is slightly turned to show movement so it looks more life like.looks more life like.c) The right hip and left shoulder are raised.c) The right hip and left shoulder are raised.d) The head is tipped forward and turns to the right.d) The head is tipped forward and turns to the right.e) Action is kept to a minimum but the sculpture exudes e) Action is kept to a minimum but the sculpture exudes athletic strength.athletic strength.

Polyclitus’s Spear Polyclitus’s Spear BearerBearer

Hellenistic Period: SculpturesHellenistic Period: Sculptures1) This was a period when Greek culture and non-Greek culture’s 1) This was a period when Greek culture and non-Greek culture’s

were blended with the help of Alexander the Great because were blended with the help of Alexander the Great because he admired Greek culture so much he wanted to spread the he admired Greek culture so much he wanted to spread the culture world wide.culture world wide.

2)2) Sculptors during this period were extremely skillful and Sculptors during this period were extremely skillful and confident.confident.

3)3) They created dramatic and often violent sculptures made of They created dramatic and often violent sculptures made of bronze and marble.bronze and marble.

4)4) Sculptors were very interested in faces because they can hold Sculptors were very interested in faces because they can hold so much emotion.so much emotion.

5)5) Emotional expression was more important than beauty. Emotional expression was more important than beauty. Whereas Classical sculpture focused on balance and harmony.Whereas Classical sculpture focused on balance and harmony.

6)6) A great example of this new style is the sculpture: A great example of this new style is the sculpture: A Dying A Dying GaulGaul

The The Dying GaulDying Gaul

1)This sculpture was originally made from bronze.1)This sculpture was originally made from bronze.

2) It was created as a celebratory monument of a 2) It was created as a celebratory monument of a victory over the Gauls –which were fierce warriors victory over the Gauls –which were fierce warriors from the north.from the north.

3) This sculpture is the is the final moments of a Gaul 3) This sculpture is the is the final moments of a Gaul who was fatally wounded in battle.who was fatally wounded in battle.

4) The sculptor goes to great lengths to incorporate 4) The sculptor goes to great lengths to incorporate details which include: flowing blood, open wound, details which include: flowing blood, open wound, pain in the face through distorted features.pain in the face through distorted features.

5) As a viewer, you are meant to become involved in 5) As a viewer, you are meant to become involved in the drama of a dying Gaul. The sculptor wants you to the drama of a dying Gaul. The sculptor wants you to share and feel his pain and loneliness right before he share and feel his pain and loneliness right before he dies.dies.

The The Dying GaulDying Gaul

Nike of SamothraceNike of Samothrace1)1) This sculpture was created to celebrate a naval This sculpture was created to celebrate a naval

victory.victory.

2)2) It’s a sculpture of a winged Nike=goddess of victory.It’s a sculpture of a winged Nike=goddess of victory.

3)3) The way it was created gave it a look as if it were The way it was created gave it a look as if it were part of the bow of a ship.part of the bow of a ship.

4)4) The details in her garments portray (or) imply the The details in her garments portray (or) imply the ocean breeze is whipping through her garments.ocean breeze is whipping through her garments.

5)5) This immense detail implies movement-as if she This immense detail implies movement-as if she were really standing on the front of the ship.were really standing on the front of the ship.

6)6) It was discovered in 1875 on a hillside in Samothrace It was discovered in 1875 on a hillside in Samothrace with NO head or arms and in 118 pieces.with NO head or arms and in 118 pieces.

Nike of SamothraceNike of Samothrace

The Seated BoxerThe Seated Boxer

1)1) This is a bronze sculpture that was This is a bronze sculpture that was discovered on Rome.discovered on Rome.

2)2) This is a sculpture of a young but mature This is a sculpture of a young but mature athlete (a boxer) resting after suffering a athlete (a boxer) resting after suffering a brutal loss.brutal loss.

3)3) The details of the swollen nose, battered The details of the swollen nose, battered checks, scratches and sweat are very checks, scratches and sweat are very apparent and really shows the skill(s) of the apparent and really shows the skill(s) of the artist.artist.

4)4) There’s no mistake that the joyless There’s no mistake that the joyless expression on his face shows he infact, lost.expression on his face shows he infact, lost.

Drastic Changes in Greek Drastic Changes in Greek SculpturesSculptures

**The growth of Greek sculpture can be **The growth of Greek sculpture can be traced through an examination of the traced through an examination of the gods, goddesses and athletes created gods, goddesses and athletes created from the Archaic period to the from the Archaic period to the Hellenistic.Hellenistic.

1) Sculptured figures produced during 1) Sculptured figures produced during the the Archaic PeriodArchaic Period were solid and stiff. were solid and stiff. Ex. Ex. Kouros and KoraiKouros and Korai..

Drastic Changes in Greek SculpturesDrastic Changes in Greek Sculptures

2) During the 2) During the Classical PeriodClassical Period, sculptors had , sculptors had achieved near perfection in balance, proportion achieved near perfection in balance, proportion and sense of movement.and sense of movement.

Ex. Ex. The Discus ThrowerThe Discus Thrower

* A later Classical work, * A later Classical work, The Spear Bearer, The Spear Bearer, is a is a great example of balance, harmony and beauty.great example of balance, harmony and beauty.

3) The Hellenistic Period brought sculptures that 3) The Hellenistic Period brought sculptures that reflected very dramatic and emotional art pieces. reflected very dramatic and emotional art pieces.

Ex. Ex. The Seated BoxerThe Seated Boxer

http://www.history.com/videos/greek-http://www.history.com/videos/greek-gods?cmpid=MRSS_Bing_HIS#greek-gods?cmpid=MRSS_Bing_HIS#greek-godsgods