unit 3 overview 5 weeks (now through 12/11) major topics the weimar republic and its failings ...
TRANSCRIPT
Unit 3: Nazi Germany and the
Holocaust
Unit 3 Overview
5 weeks (now through 12/11) Major topics
The Weimar Republic and its failings Hitler’s rise to power Nazi ideology and laws The Holocaust
Assessments DBQ: The Weimar Republic Nazi Germany paper (week after Thanksgiving) Some quizzes, of course
A fact to ponder: Adolf Hitler came to power legally and
democratically
The End of the First World War
1914-1918 Central Powers (Germany, Austria-
Hungary, Ottoman Empire) defeated by Allied Powers (France, United Kingdom, Russia, US)
Effects on Germany 2.5 million dead Political turmoil Psychological shock
Review: World War I
July 1918: US troops arrive
in France October 1918: Germany
requests an armistice based on Fourteen Points
November 10: Kaiser Wilhelm abdicates
Armistice signed November 11
The End of the War
How should Germany be governed after WWI? How should the Allies make peace with Germany?
Two Questions
Woodrow Wilson (USA) wants fair treatment, self-determination, and a League of Nations
The other Allies (France, UK, Italy) want revenge
Questions for Analyzing the Treaty
of Versailles
1. What is this document saying? (Translate it into plain English)
2. Why might Germans be upset about this document?
Signed June 28, 1919 Treaty ending World War I with Germany Germany was not allowed to negotiate – a diktat
Major provisions Blame – the War Guilt Clause Army – severe limits on Germany’s
military Reparations – Germany owed money
to the Allies Territory – Germany lost 13% of
territory + all colonies
The Treaty of Versailles
“The Allied and Associated Governments affirm and Germany accepts the responsibility of Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage to which the Allied and Associated Governments and their nationals have been subjected as a consequence of the war imposed upon them by the aggression of Germany and her allies.”
Blame: The War Guilt Clause
June 28, 1919 (included in Treaty of
Versailles) Blamed Germany for WWI Germans resented this provision Justified demands for huge reparations
Blame: The War Guilt Clause
Germany’s army and
navy severely restricted
Germans worried about external threats
Left many Germans unemployed
Freikorps – unofficial anti-Communist armies
Army: Restrictions on the Military
Dolchstoßlegende
– “stab in the back” myth
Traitors (possibly Jews!) stopped Germany from winning WWI
Gave Germans an outlet for frustration
And Now, a Fancy German Word
Germany forced to pay back massive amounts
of reparations to Britain and France Britain and France needed reparations to pay
back wartime loans from the US Total:
Initially $63 billion ($768 billion in 2010 money) Later reduced to $33 billion ($402 billion in
2010 money) Last payment made October 3, 2010
Reparations
Germany lost territory in Europe Also lost all its colonies Total losses:
13% of European territory 10% of population (about 6.5 million
people) Lots of Germans suddenly living in
other countries
Territory
German Territorial Losses after WWI
A fact to ponder (again):
Adolf Hitler came to power legally and
democratically