{{U.S. HistoryU.S. History

Standard 6 ReviewStandard 6 Review

The student will demonstrate an The student will demonstrate an understandingunderstanding

of the conflict between traditionalism andof the conflict between traditionalism andprogressivism in the 1920s and the economicprogressivism in the 1920s and the economiccollapse and the political response to collapse and the political response to the economic crisis in the 1930s.the economic crisis in the 1930s.

Standard USHC-6:Standard USHC-6:

Explain the impact of the changes in the 1920s on the economy, society, Explain the impact of the changes in the 1920s on the economy, society, and and cultureculture, including the expansion of mass, including the expansion of mass production techniques, the production techniques, the invention of new home appliances, the introduction of the installment invention of new home appliances, the introduction of the installment plan, the role of transportation in changing urban life, the effect of radio plan, the role of transportation in changing urban life, the effect of radio and movies in creating a national mass and movies in creating a national mass culture,culture, and the cultural changes and the cultural changes exemplified by the Harlem Renaissance. exemplified by the Harlem Renaissance.

USHC-6.1USHC-6.1

Mass ProductionMass Production Henry FordHenry Ford Assembly LineAssembly Line

TransportationTransportation AutomobileAutomobile  

AviationAviation

made travel easy made travel easy movement to the movement to the

SuburbsSuburbs  

Charles Charles Lindberg Lindberg pilotpilot

New InventionsNew Inventions Household Household appliancesappliances

InstallmentInstallmentBuyingBuying

Buying Buying w/ Creditw/ Credit

People People purchased purchased things they things they

could not affordcould not afford

The Roaring Twenties and the Great DepressionThe Roaring Twenties and the Great Depression

Harlem Harlem RenaissanceRenaissance

Langston Langston HughesHughes

An outpouring An outpouring of African of African American American

literature, art, literature, art, and poetryand poetry

The “Lost The “Lost Generation”Generation”

Called American Called American cultural values cultural values into questioninto question

F. Scott F. Scott Fitzgerald/Fitzgerald/The Great The Great

GatsbyGatsby

Ernest Ernest Hemingway/Hemingway/Farewell to Farewell to

ArmsArms

EntertainmeEntertainmentnt

Radio & MoviesRadio & Movies

KDKA KDKA 

Movies like Movies like Birth of a Birth of a

Nation Nation influenced influenced

cultural cultural attitudes.attitudes.

The Roaring Twenties and the Great DepressionThe Roaring Twenties and the Great Depression

Explain the causes and effects of the social change and conflict Explain the causes and effects of the social change and conflict between traditional and modern between traditional and modern cultureculture that took place during that took place during the 1920s, including the role of women, the “Red Scare,” the the 1920s, including the role of women, the “Red Scare,” the resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan, immigration quotas, resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan, immigration quotas, Prohibition, and the Scopes trial. Prohibition, and the Scopes trial.

USHC-6.2USHC-6.2

Caused by the Rise of CommunistCaused by the Rise of Communist Countries in EuropeCountries in Europe Palmer Raids arrested alleged communists Palmer Raids arrested alleged communists New wave of American nativismNew wave of American nativism

““Red Scare”Red Scare”

New hatred focused on the immigrantsNew hatred focused on the immigrants Geographic shift to the Northern StatesGeographic shift to the Northern States

Resurgence of the KKKResurgence of the KKK

Polices limited Polices limited

immigration in the immigration in the

1920’s1920’s Asian immigrants were Asian immigrants were

bannedbanned Eastern and Southern Eastern and Southern

European immigrants European immigrants

were limitedwere limited

ImmigrationImmigration

Flappers—women that revolted Flappers—women that revolted

against the Victorian Idealagainst the Victorian Ideal 1919thth Amendment gave women the Amendment gave women the

right to voteright to vote Same jobs but less pay than menSame jobs but less pay than men

Role of WomenRole of Women

18th 18th

Amendment Amendment

prohibited prohibited

alcoholalcohol

ProhibitionProhibitionTemperanceTemperance movement movement

Leads to the development of Leads to the development of organized crimeorganized crime

RepealedRepealed

by the by the

21st 21st

AmendmentAmendment

Scopes fined for teaching EvolutionScopes fined for teaching Evolution Religious Fundamentalism Religious Fundamentalism Evolution is against GOD-secularEvolution is against GOD-secular   Called the “Monkey” TrialCalled the “Monkey” Trial

FACT:FACT: The phrase, “ The phrase, “Monkey TrialMonkey Trial,” was coined by ,” was coined by H.L. MenckenH.L. Mencken, a reporter covering the trial for , a reporter covering the trial for the the Baltimore Sun.Baltimore Sun.

ScopesScopesTrialTrial

Explain the causes and consequences of the Great Explain the causes and consequences of the Great Depression, including the disparities in income and Depression, including the disparities in income and wealth distribution; the collapse of the farm wealth distribution; the collapse of the farm economy and the effects of the Dust Bowl; limited economy and the effects of the Dust Bowl; limited governmental regulation; taxes, investment; and governmental regulation; taxes, investment; and stock market speculation; policies of the federal stock market speculation; policies of the federal government and the Federal Reserve System; and government and the Federal Reserve System; and the effects of the Depression on the people.the effects of the Depression on the people.

USHC-6.3USHC-6.3

“Easy Money” Policies

Overconsumption Stock Market Speculation

During the 1920s, the Federal Reserve kept interest rates

low, which encouraged borrowing.

Consumers borrowed money to

pay for new appliances and other consumer

goods, purchasing these items on

credit.

Since the stock market was doing so well, many people

borrowed money to speculate in the market.

Borrowing money to invest in stocks is called

 buying on the margin.

The Great DepressionThe Great Depression

By the late 1920s, consumers had so By the late 1920s, consumers had so

much debt that they could no longer much debt that they could no longer

pay for expensive consumer goods, pay for expensive consumer goods,

which lowered demand. This resulted which lowered demand. This resulted

in overproduction, resulting in in overproduction, resulting in

decreased profits for companies.decreased profits for companies.

STOCK MARKETCRASH (1929)

“Hoovervilles” The Dust Bowl

Unemployment

Banks

Shantytowns were the homeless lived

Severe drought in the Midwest

25% of the population was unemployed

Banks failed because of the crash and the run on the banks

President Herbert Hoover tried many President Herbert Hoover tried many things, such as increasing tax rates and things, such as increasing tax rates and the tariff, but his efforts failed to bring the tariff, but his efforts failed to bring

about recovery. Hoover rejected the about recovery. Hoover rejected the idea of Direct Relief (payments from the idea of Direct Relief (payments from the

government to individuals).government to individuals).

The Great DepressionThe Great Depression

Analyze President Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal Analyze President Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal as a response to the economic crisis of the Great as a response to the economic crisis of the Great Depression, including the effectiveness of New Deal Depression, including the effectiveness of New Deal programs in relieving suffering and achieving programs in relieving suffering and achieving economic recovery, in protecting the rights of economic recovery, in protecting the rights of women and minorities, and in making significant women and minorities, and in making significant reforms to protect the economy such as Social reforms to protect the economy such as Social Security and labor laws. Security and labor laws.

USHC-6.4USHC-6.4

Franklin D. Franklin D. RooseveltRoosevelt

Wife: Eleanor Wife: Eleanor RooseveltRoosevelt

The “First 100 The “First 100 Days”Days”

Bank HolidayBank Holiday

TheTheNew DealNew Deal

The “Three R’s” of the New

Deal:

Relief 

Recovery 

Reform

TheTheNew DealNew Deal

AgencAgencyy

Issue addressedIssue addressed

AAA approved loans to farmers and paid farmers subsidies to not grow certain

crops to keep prices high

FDIC insured bank deposits up to $100,000.00 to prevent people from withdrawing money during panic

NRA passed to bolster industrial prices and prevent U.S. business failures. Also

created the Public Works Administration which constructed

dams, highways, and bridges

SEC established to regulate the stock market and prevent unfair trading

practices

TVA TVA built dams to create jobs and

bring cheap electricity to parts of the South

FD

R’s

Alp

hab

et S

oup

F

DR

’s A

lph

abet

Sou

p

AgencyAgency Issue AddressedIssue Addressed

NLRB created a board to monitor unfair business practices like firing workers for joining labor unions. Established

by the Wagner Act

SSA Created Social Security which established retirement income for workers when they reached 65.

Second New Deal LegislationSecond New Deal Legislation

African American workers were typically the last hired and the African American workers were typically the last hired and the first fired, leading to black workers suffering from a much higher first fired, leading to black workers suffering from a much higher level of unemployment (50%) than whites (25%). Although FDR level of unemployment (50%) than whites (25%). Although FDR took little official action to combat racial discrimination, black took little official action to combat racial discrimination, black voters began to align themselves with Roosevelt’s Democratic voters began to align themselves with Roosevelt’s Democratic Party in the 1930s. Before the New Deal, African American Party in the 1930s. Before the New Deal, African American

voters had typically supported the Republican Party.voters had typically supported the Republican Party.

African Americans and the New DealAfrican Americans and the New Deal

Many of the New Deal successes did not address Many of the New Deal successes did not address labor problems that were faced by womenlabor problems that were faced by women

Women and the New Women and the New DealDeal