Which explorer contributed to the

establishment of Portuguese colonies in Africa and India?

A. Hernando Cortez B. Ferdinad Magellan C. Vasco da Gama D. Francis Drake

*** Grab a sheet of paper and label 1-5

Bell Ringer

The novel emerged as a distinct form of

literature in Europe during the – A. Age of Absolutism B. Reformation C. Industrial Revolution D. Enlightenment

“Revolutionary government owes to all good

citizens the fullest protection the state can afford; to enemies of the people it owes nothing but death”

- Maximilien Robespierre 12/25/ 1793 What was the immediate result of this

philosophy? A. an increase in taxes B. a period of restored peace C. an expansion of the justice system D. a time of mass executions

Industrialization helped lead to the European

colonization of Africa by – A. promoting the development of tourist

markets B. causing domestic governments to collapse C. increasing competition for overseas

markets D. bringing the major powers into armed

conflict

During the 19th Century, which change led to

an increase in the use of child labor? A. the creation of a public welfare system B. the development of the factory system C. the expansion of large cities D. the rise of wages for skilled workers

Agenda/Objectives

British Imperialismin India

As the Mughal Empire declined, Britain seizes Indian territory and soon it controls almost the whole

subcontinent.

East India Company Dominates •British East India Company rules India until

1850s •Company has its own army led by British

officers •Army is staffed by sepoys—Indian soldiers

British Expand Control over India

Britain’s “Jewel in the Crown” •India is Britain’s most valuable colony, or

“jewel in the crown” •Forced to produce raw materials for British

manufacturing •Also forced to buy British goods

British Expand Control over India

British Transport Trade Goods •Railroads move cash crops and goods faster •Trade in specific crops is tied to international events

Impact of Colonialism •British hold much of political and economic power •Cash crops result in loss of self-sufficiency, famine •Indian life disrupted by missionaries and racist

attitudes •British modernize India’s economy, improve public

health

British Expand Control over India

Indians Rebel •Sepoys refuse to use cartridges of new rifles

for religious reasons •Many Sepoys are jailed; others start Sepoy

Mutiny against British •Many Indians, especially Sikhs, remain loyal

to British

The Sepoy Mutiny

Turning Point •British put down rebellion, take direct

command of India •Raj—term for British rule over India, lasts

from 1757 to 1947 •Uprising increases distrust between British

and Indians

The Sepoy Mutiny

Call for Reforms •In 1800s, Ram Mohun Roy leads modernization

movement •Many Indians adopt western ways and call for social

reforms •Indians resent being second-class citizens in own

countryNationalist Groups Form •Indian National Congress and Muslim League form •Nationalists angered by partition of Bengal

-pressure forces Britain to divide it differently

Nationalism Surfaces in India