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Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami Politechnika Poznańska | WILiT | IT | ZST 1 00 Tytuł: Wprowadzenie Kluczowe elementy BPM Przedmiot: Zarządzanie procesami transportowo-logistycznymi Specjalność: Logistyka transportu Wersja: 2020.03.03 Autor: Piotr SAWICKI, dr hab. inż Zakład Systemów Transportowych | WILiT | PP [email protected] piotr.sawicki.pracownik.www.put.poznan.pl www.facebook.com/Piotr.Sawicki.PUT 2 Kluczowe elementy wykładu Agenda WPROWADZENIE Cel i zakres wykładu. Poznajmy się. Kluczowe pojęcia. BPM – BUSINESS PROCESS MANAGEMENT Cykl życia BPM. Główne fazy. NOTACJE I NARZĘDZIA BPM Kluczowe notacje – różnice i podobieństwa ŹRÓDŁA WIEDZY O BPM Literatura podstawowa i uzupełniająca PODSUMOWANIE Pewnie są pytania :-) Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

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Page 1: 00 Wprowadzenie Kluczowe elementy BPMpiotr.sawicki.pracownik.put.poznan.pl/dydaktyka/_-zarzadzanie-procesami/zp_00...•opisu przebiegu i zasobów procesu •istnieją różne koncepcje

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Politechnika Poznańska | WILiT | IT | ZST 1

00Tytuł:

WprowadzenieKluczowe elementy BPM

Przedmiot:

Zarządzanie procesami transportowo-logistycznymiSpecjalność:

Logistyka transportuWersja:

2020.03.03

Autor:

Piotr SAWICKI, dr hab. inżZakład Systemów Transportowych | WILiT | [email protected] piotr.sawicki.pracownik.www.put.poznan.plwww.facebook.com/Piotr.Sawicki.PUT

2

Kluczowe elementy wykładuAgendaWPROWADZENIE

Cel i zakres wykładu. Poznajmy się.Kluczowe pojęcia.

BPM – BUSINESS PROCESS MANAGEMENT

Cykl życia BPM. Główne fazy.

NOTACJE I NARZĘDZIA BPMKluczowe notacje – różnice

i podobieństwa

ŹRÓDŁA WIEDZY O BPMLiteratura podstawowa

i uzupełniająca

PODSUMOWANIEPewnie są pytania :-)

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Page 2: 00 Wprowadzenie Kluczowe elementy BPMpiotr.sawicki.pracownik.put.poznan.pl/dydaktyka/_-zarzadzanie-procesami/zp_00...•opisu przebiegu i zasobów procesu •istnieją różne koncepcje

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Politechnika Poznańska | WILiT | IT | ZST 2

3

Cel i zakres wykładuWprowadzenie

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

à Cel• zdefiniowanie pojęć kluczowych dla

całego przedmiotu

• nakreślenie obszaru zainteresowania w ramach przedmiotu

• ustalenie zasad współpracy

4

à Kluczowe pytania• Co to jest proces?

• Czym różni się proces transportowy od innych?

• Co wspólnego mają ze sobą proces i struktura organiza-cyjna?

• Kim jest klient?

• Czym jest Business ProcessManagament (BPM?

• Z jakich narzędzi wspierania BPM będziemy korzystać?

• Jaka jest dostępność tych narzędzi?

• Co stanowi główne źródła wiedzy pozwalające przygotować się do zajęć?

Cel i zakres wykładuWprowadzenie

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Page 3: 00 Wprowadzenie Kluczowe elementy BPMpiotr.sawicki.pracownik.put.poznan.pl/dydaktyka/_-zarzadzanie-procesami/zp_00...•opisu przebiegu i zasobów procesu •istnieją różne koncepcje

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Politechnika Poznańska | WILiT | IT | ZST 3

5

Proces wg. Melao i Pidd, 2000Wprowadzenie

2. Zarządzanie procesami 29

tywa postrzegania procesu jako konstrukcji społecznej według Arlbjørna i Hauga oraz Melão i Pidda zdecydowanie różni się od wcześniejszych.

a) b)

c) d)

Rys. 2.1. Porównanie czterech kluczowych podejść do rozumienia procesu Proces jako: a) mechanizm o charakterze deterministycznym, b) złożony system o cha-

rakterze dynamicznym, c) zbiór powiązanych pętli, d) konstrukcja społeczna Źródło: opracowanie własne na podstawie: Arlbjørn i Haug [8], Melão i Pidd [75]

Autorzy podkreślają, że proces realizowany jest przede wszystkim przez ludzi, którzy z definicji charakteryzują się zróżnicowanym systemem wartości, oczekiwań i celów. Z tego względu pojęcie procesu ma charakter bardziej su-biektywny, abstrakcyjny i domyślny - stanowi rezultat konstrukcji myślowej

Pion A Pion B Pion C

Proces transformacji

Wyjście Wejście Wyjście Wejście

Zasoby ludzkie

Zadania i

Technologia

Regulator 1

Poziom 2

Poziom 3

Regulator 2

Regulator 3

Regulator 4 Regulator 5

Regulator 7

Regulator 6 Wejście

Poziom 1

Poziom 4 Wyjście Wyjście Wejście

Osoba

1

Osoba

2

Osoba

3

Osoba

5

Osoba

7

Osoba

4 Osoba

6

Transformacja poprzez ludzi

Proces jako mechanizm deterministyczny

2. Zarządzanie procesami 29

tywa postrzegania procesu jako konstrukcji społecznej według Arlbjørna i Hauga oraz Melão i Pidda zdecydowanie różni się od wcześniejszych.

a) b)

c) d)

Rys. 2.1. Porównanie czterech kluczowych podejść do rozumienia procesu Proces jako: a) mechanizm o charakterze deterministycznym, b) złożony system o cha-

rakterze dynamicznym, c) zbiór powiązanych pętli, d) konstrukcja społeczna Źródło: opracowanie własne na podstawie: Arlbjørn i Haug [8], Melão i Pidd [75]

Autorzy podkreślają, że proces realizowany jest przede wszystkim przez ludzi, którzy z definicji charakteryzują się zróżnicowanym systemem wartości, oczekiwań i celów. Z tego względu pojęcie procesu ma charakter bardziej su-biektywny, abstrakcyjny i domyślny - stanowi rezultat konstrukcji myślowej

Pion A Pion B Pion C

Proces transformacji

Wyjście Wejście Wyjście Wejście

Zasoby ludzkie

Zadania i

Technologia

Regulator 1

Poziom 2

Poziom 3

Regulator 2

Regulator 3

Regulator 4 Regulator 5

Regulator 7

Regulator 6 Wejście

Poziom 1

Poziom 4 Wyjście Wyjście Wejście

Osoba

1

Osoba

2

Osoba

3

Osoba

5

Osoba

7

Osoba

4 Osoba

6

Transformacja poprzez ludzi

Złożony system o charakterze dynamicznymPiotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

6

Proces wg. Melao i Pidd, 2000Wprowadzenie

2. Zarządzanie procesami 29

tywa postrzegania procesu jako konstrukcji społecznej według Arlbjørna i Hauga oraz Melão i Pidda zdecydowanie różni się od wcześniejszych.

a) b)

c) d)

Rys. 2.1. Porównanie czterech kluczowych podejść do rozumienia procesu Proces jako: a) mechanizm o charakterze deterministycznym, b) złożony system o cha-

rakterze dynamicznym, c) zbiór powiązanych pętli, d) konstrukcja społeczna Źródło: opracowanie własne na podstawie: Arlbjørn i Haug [8], Melão i Pidd [75]

Autorzy podkreślają, że proces realizowany jest przede wszystkim przez ludzi, którzy z definicji charakteryzują się zróżnicowanym systemem wartości, oczekiwań i celów. Z tego względu pojęcie procesu ma charakter bardziej su-biektywny, abstrakcyjny i domyślny - stanowi rezultat konstrukcji myślowej

Pion A Pion B Pion C

Proces transformacji

Wyjście Wejście Wyjście Wejście

Zasoby ludzkie

Zadania i

Technologia

Regulator 1

Poziom 2

Poziom 3

Regulator 2

Regulator 3

Regulator 4 Regulator 5

Regulator 7

Regulator 6 Wejście

Poziom 1

Poziom 4 Wyjście Wyjście Wejście

Osoba

1

Osoba

2

Osoba

3

Osoba

5

Osoba

7

Osoba

4 Osoba

6

Transformacja poprzez ludzi

2. Zarządzanie procesami 29

tywa postrzegania procesu jako konstrukcji społecznej według Arlbjørna i Hauga oraz Melão i Pidda zdecydowanie różni się od wcześniejszych.

a) b)

c) d)

Rys. 2.1. Porównanie czterech kluczowych podejść do rozumienia procesu Proces jako: a) mechanizm o charakterze deterministycznym, b) złożony system o cha-

rakterze dynamicznym, c) zbiór powiązanych pętli, d) konstrukcja społeczna Źródło: opracowanie własne na podstawie: Arlbjørn i Haug [8], Melão i Pidd [75]

Autorzy podkreślają, że proces realizowany jest przede wszystkim przez ludzi, którzy z definicji charakteryzują się zróżnicowanym systemem wartości, oczekiwań i celów. Z tego względu pojęcie procesu ma charakter bardziej su-biektywny, abstrakcyjny i domyślny - stanowi rezultat konstrukcji myślowej

Pion A Pion B Pion C

Proces transformacji

Wyjście Wejście Wyjście Wejście

Zasoby ludzkie

Zadania i

Technologia

Regulator 1

Poziom 2

Poziom 3

Regulator 2

Regulator 3

Regulator 4 Regulator 5

Regulator 7

Regulator 6 Wejście

Poziom 1

Poziom 4 Wyjście Wyjście Wejście

Osoba

1

Osoba

2

Osoba

3

Osoba

5

Osoba

7

Osoba

4 Osoba

6

Transformacja poprzez ludzi

Proces jako zbiór powiązanych pętli Proces jako konstrukcja społecznaPiotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Page 4: 00 Wprowadzenie Kluczowe elementy BPMpiotr.sawicki.pracownik.put.poznan.pl/dydaktyka/_-zarzadzanie-procesami/zp_00...•opisu przebiegu i zasobów procesu •istnieją różne koncepcje

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Politechnika Poznańska | WILiT | IT | ZST 4

7

à Proces to:• ustrukturyzowany zbiór czynności

realizowanych z wykorzystaniem niezbędnych zasobów

• przetwarza elementy wejściowe w oczekiwane rezultaty

• przebieg kształtują interakcje wewnętrzne w procesie, z otoczeniem wewnętrznym (inne procesy) i zewnętrznym (rynek i klienci)

Proces wg. Sawicki P. (2013)Wprowadzenie2"

Czynności

Logika, kolejność,

związki przyczynowo-

skutkowe

Zasoby

Wykonawcy,

wyposażenie techniczne,

informacja, kapitał, materiały, energia

PROCES

Rezultaty

Rezultaty,

wyniki

Wejście

Dane,

zdarzenia,

oczekiwania,

wymogi

2"

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

8

à Jak rozumiesz proces?• przewozu pasażerów w transporcie

zbiorowym• kompletacji dostaw do sklepów

ProcesWprowadzenie2"

Czynności

Logika, kolejność,

związki przyczynowo-

skutkowe

Zasoby

Wykonawcy,

wyposażenie techniczne,

informacja, kapitał, materiały, energia

PROCES

Rezultaty

Rezultaty,

wyniki

Wejście

Dane,

zdarzenia,

oczekiwania,

wymogi

2"

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Page 5: 00 Wprowadzenie Kluczowe elementy BPMpiotr.sawicki.pracownik.put.poznan.pl/dydaktyka/_-zarzadzanie-procesami/zp_00...•opisu przebiegu i zasobów procesu •istnieją różne koncepcje

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Politechnika Poznańska | WILiT | IT | ZST 5

9

Proces vs. struktura organizacyjnaWprowadzenie

Rozwój

nowego

wyrobu

Proukcja

wyrobu

Promowanie

wyrobu

Dystrybucja

Zaopatrzenie

Obsługa

zamówień

Gotowy wyrób

Wzór nowego

wyrobu

Kampania

promocyjna

Przyjęte

zamówienia

Zrealizowana

dostawa

Dostępne

surowce

Controling

finansowy

Rentowność

wyrobu

Klient

Klient

Dostawca

Potrzeba

Surowce

Zaspokojona

potrzeba

Zamówienia

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

10

Proces vs. struktura organizacyjnaWprowadzenie

Finanse

i księgowość Marketing

Projektowanie

i rozwój Produkcja Sprzedaż Logistyka

ZARZĄD

Rozwój

nowego

wyrobu

Proukcja

wyrobu

Promowanie

wyrobu

Dystrybucja

Zaopatrzenie

Obsługa

zamówień

Gotowy wyrób

Wzór nowego

wyrobu

Kampania

promocyjna

Przyjęte

zamówienia

Zrealizowana

dostawa

Dostępne

surowce

Controling

finansowy

Rentowność

wyrobu

Klient

Klient

Dostawca

Potrzeba

Surowce

Zaspokojona

potrzeba

Zamówienia

Finanse i księgowość Marketing

Projektowanie i rozwój Produkcja Sprzedaż Logistyka

ZARZĄD

A. Orientacja funkcjonalna B. Orientacja procesowa

- komunikacja

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Page 6: 00 Wprowadzenie Kluczowe elementy BPMpiotr.sawicki.pracownik.put.poznan.pl/dydaktyka/_-zarzadzanie-procesami/zp_00...•opisu przebiegu i zasobów procesu •istnieją różne koncepcje

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Politechnika Poznańska | WILiT | IT | ZST 6

11

Proces vs. struktura organizacyjna vs. klientWprowadzenie

Finanse

i księgowość Marketing

Projektowanie

i rozwój Produkcja Sprzedaż Logistyka

ZARZĄD

Rozwój

nowego

wyrobu

Proukcja

wyrobu

Promowanie

wyrobu

Dystrybucja

Zaopatrzenie

Obsługa

zamówień

Gotowy wyrób

Wzór nowego

wyrobu

Kampania

promocyjna

Przyjęte

zamówienia

Zrealizowana

dostawa

Dostępne

surowce

Controling

finansowy

Rentowność

wyrobu

Klient

Klient

Dostawca

Potrzeba

Surowce

Zaspokojona

potrzeba

Zamówienia

Klient ZEwnętrzny Klient WEwnętrznyPiotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

12

Konfiguracja

Realizacja

Monitoring

Ocena

Analiza

Projektowanie

Projektowanie

Modelowanie Doskonalenie

Cykl życia BPMBPM – business process mngt

- Wymagania biznesu- Niezbędne zasoby

- Formalny zapis procesu

- Uruchomienie procesu- Przeszkolenie

wykonawców- Ustalanie parametrów

funkcjonalnych- Regularna realizacja procesu

- Obserwacja - Kontrola efektów

- Możliwości poprawy- Optymalizacja,

symulacja Cykl zarządzania procesem

(BPM)

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Page 7: 00 Wprowadzenie Kluczowe elementy BPMpiotr.sawicki.pracownik.put.poznan.pl/dydaktyka/_-zarzadzanie-procesami/zp_00...•opisu przebiegu i zasobów procesu •istnieją różne koncepcje

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Politechnika Poznańska | WILiT | IT | ZST 7

13

Konfiguracja

Realizacja

Monitoring

Ocena

Analiza

Projektowanie

Projektowanie

Modelowanie Doskonalenie

Cykl życia BPMBPM

- Wymagania biznesu- Niezbędne zasoby- Formalny zapis procesu

- Uruchomienie procesu- Przeszkolenie

wykonawców- Ustalanie parametrów

funkcjonalnych- Regularna realizacja procesu

- Możliwości poprawy- Optymalizacja,

symulacja- Obserwacja- Kontrola efektów

Cykl zarządzania procesem

(BPM)

1

2

3

4

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

14

àAnaliza, projektowanie i modelowanie• (1.1) Jak identyfikować / budować

proces? Podstawy metodyczne– Istota budowy modelu – po co

modelować? – Architektura procesów – Notacja EPC vs. BPMN2.0

Podstawy narzędziowe– Narzędzie ARIS Architect & Designer

(10.0)

Kluczowe elementy BPMBPM

Konfiguracja

Realizacja

Monitoring

Ocena

Analiza

Projektowanie

Projektowanie

Modelowanie Doskonalenie 1

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Page 8: 00 Wprowadzenie Kluczowe elementy BPMpiotr.sawicki.pracownik.put.poznan.pl/dydaktyka/_-zarzadzanie-procesami/zp_00...•opisu przebiegu i zasobów procesu •istnieją różne koncepcje

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Politechnika Poznańska | WILiT | IT | ZST 8

15

àAnaliza, projektowanie i modelowanie• (1.2) Modelowanie w praktyce

Podstawy narzędziowe– Narzędzie ARIS Architect & Designer

(10.0)– Raportowanie procesu

Kluczowe elementy BPMBPM

Konfiguracja

Realizacja

Monitoring

Ocena

Analiza

Projektowanie

Projektowanie

Modelowanie Doskonalenie 1

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

16

à Konfigurowanie• (2.1) Konfigurowanie procesu

Podstawy metodyczne

– Konwersja modelu procesu do modelu symulacyjnego

– Miary charakteryzujące proces czas trwania procesuczas przetwarzania funkcji/czynnościwydajność procesucałkowity czas przetwarzaniastopień wykorzystania zasobów zjawisko wąskiegoliczba / czas oczekiwania w kolejce gardła …

Kluczowe elementy BPMBPM

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Konfiguracja

Realizacja

Monitoring

Ocena

Analiza

Projektowanie

Projektowanie

Modelowanie Doskonalenie

2

Page 9: 00 Wprowadzenie Kluczowe elementy BPMpiotr.sawicki.pracownik.put.poznan.pl/dydaktyka/_-zarzadzanie-procesami/zp_00...•opisu przebiegu i zasobów procesu •istnieją różne koncepcje

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Politechnika Poznańska | WILiT | IT | ZST 9

17

à Konfigurowanie• (2.2) Konfigurowanie procesu

Podstawy narzędziowe

– Parametryzacja modelu procesu –tworzenie modelu symulacyjnego

– Sterowanie symulacjąustawienie zakresu czasowegookreślanie dostępności zasobów

– Ocena wyników symulacjądobór statystyk rezultatówinterpretacja wyników

Kluczowe elementy BPMBPM

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Konfiguracja

Realizacja

Monitoring

Ocena

Analiza

Projektowanie

Projektowanie

Modelowanie Doskonalenie

2

18

àOcena, monitorowanie i doskonalenie• (4.1) Jak doskonalić procesy?

Zastosowanie symulacji do oceny skutków zmian

Kluczowe elementy BPMBPM

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Konfiguracja

Realizacja

Monitoring

Ocena

Analiza

Projektowanie

Projektowanie

Modelowanie Doskonalenie

4

Page 10: 00 Wprowadzenie Kluczowe elementy BPMpiotr.sawicki.pracownik.put.poznan.pl/dydaktyka/_-zarzadzanie-procesami/zp_00...•opisu przebiegu i zasobów procesu •istnieją różne koncepcje

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Politechnika Poznańska | WILiT | IT | ZST 10

19

àNotacja to formalny zapis procesu• Czy potrafisz zbudować czytelny opis procesu?

Notacje modelowaniaNarzędzia i notacje w BPM

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

20

àNotacja - język modelowania• opisu przebiegu i zasobów

procesu

• istnieją różne koncepcje opisu– EPC

ang. Event-driven process chaindiagram (Scheer, 1999)

– BPMN v.2.0 ang. Business process modelingnotation (OMG, 2011)

– inne: Petri-net, YAWL, UML,… (Waske, 2012; Sawicki, 2013)

Notacje modelowaniaNarzędzia i notacje w BPM

!14!

Rys. 2.9. Model procesu weryfikacji i przydziału zlecenia przewozowego do realizacji, opisany w notacji BPMN v.2.0 (po korektach)

Zax $$

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na pojazd 32EUR

Wpłynęło zlecenie na

pojazd do18EUR

Wprowadzanie

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Odmowa realizacji

zlecenia

Przydzielanie zamówienia do

pojazdu

Spedyto

r

Brak zaległości

Stwierdzone zaległości

`$Zlecenie

przydzielone do pojazdu

Poinformowano klienta o braku

możliwości realizacji zlecenia

Dostępne pojazdy

Chwilowy brak wolnych pojazdów

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4.7 Business Process Modeling Notation 211

final version of the paper that will be printed in the conference proceedings.In case the paper is rejected, the join gateway is triggered. To clarify the be-haviour of the split gateway, the outgoing sequence flows are associated withthe respective annotations.

The participants that cooperate in the context of a business process com-municate by sending and receiving messages. In business process diagrams,messages are represented by message flow. Typically a message flow connectsan activity of one participant to an activity or an event of another participant.

Depending on the kind of business process diagram (abstract or global),message flows can link pairs of flow objects, pools, and events. Detailed ruleson message flow connections are discussed below. “A Message Flow is used toshow the flow of messages between two participants that are prepared to sendand receive them. In BPMN, two separate Pools in the Diagram will representthe two participants (e.g., business entities or business roles).”

The notational elements of the BPMN regarding transactional behaviour ofbusiness processes (transaction groups, compensation flow, and cancellation)will not be covered, because their semantics is not laid out in su�cient detailand precision.

Events

Events play a central role in business process management, since they are theglue between situations in business organizations and processes that will be en-acted if these situations occur. Events in a business process can be partitionedinto three types, based on their position in the business process: start eventsare used to trigger processes, intermediate events can delay processes, or theycan occur during processes. End events signal the termination of processes.The notational elements for the event trigger types are shown in Figure 4.80.

Start

Intermediate

End

Termination

Message Timer Rule Error Link Multiple

Fig. 4.80. Event types in the BPMN, Object Management Group (2006)

Start events can have di↵erent triggers.

4.7 Business Process Modeling Notation 211

final version of the paper that will be printed in the conference proceedings.In case the paper is rejected, the join gateway is triggered. To clarify the be-haviour of the split gateway, the outgoing sequence flows are associated withthe respective annotations.

The participants that cooperate in the context of a business process com-municate by sending and receiving messages. In business process diagrams,messages are represented by message flow. Typically a message flow connectsan activity of one participant to an activity or an event of another participant.

Depending on the kind of business process diagram (abstract or global),message flows can link pairs of flow objects, pools, and events. Detailed ruleson message flow connections are discussed below. “A Message Flow is used toshow the flow of messages between two participants that are prepared to sendand receive them. In BPMN, two separate Pools in the Diagram will representthe two participants (e.g., business entities or business roles).”

The notational elements of the BPMN regarding transactional behaviour ofbusiness processes (transaction groups, compensation flow, and cancellation)will not be covered, because their semantics is not laid out in su�cient detailand precision.

Events

Events play a central role in business process management, since they are theglue between situations in business organizations and processes that will be en-acted if these situations occur. Events in a business process can be partitionedinto three types, based on their position in the business process: start eventsare used to trigger processes, intermediate events can delay processes, or theycan occur during processes. End events signal the termination of processes.The notational elements for the event trigger types are shown in Figure 4.80.

Start

Intermediate

End

Termination

Message Timer Rule Error Link Multiple

Fig. 4.80. Event types in the BPMN, Object Management Group (2006)

Start events can have di↵erent triggers.

Zlecenie

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261

Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers

Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level

EventSub-ProcessInterrupting

EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting

Catching BoundaryInterrupting

BoundaryNon-Interrupting

Throwing

None

Message

Timer

Error

Escalation

Cancel

Compensation

Conditional

Link

Signal

Terminate

Multiple

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261

Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers

Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level

EventSub-ProcessInterrupting

EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting

Catching BoundaryInterrupting

BoundaryNon-Interrupting

Throwing

None

Message

Timer

Error

Escalation

Cancel

Compensation

Conditional

Link

Signal

Terminate

Multiple

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261

Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers

Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level

EventSub-ProcessInterrupting

EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting

Catching BoundaryInterrupting

BoundaryNon-Interrupting

Throwing

None

Message

Timer

Error

Escalation

Cancel

Compensation

Conditional

Link

Signal

Terminate

Multiple

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261

Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers

Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level

EventSub-ProcessInterrupting

EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting

Catching BoundaryInterrupting

BoundaryNon-Interrupting

Throwing

None

Message

Timer

Error

Escalation

Cancel

Compensation

Conditional

Link

Signal

Terminate

Multiple

Ocena wiarygodności

klienta

`$

Dzi

ał t

ransport

u

36 Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0

Data Object Data Objects provide information about what Activities require to be performed and/or what they produce (see page 205), Data Objects can represent a singular object or a collection of objects. Data Input and Data Output provide the same information for Processes.

Data Object

Data Objec (Collection)

Data Input Data Output

Message A Message is used to depict the contents of a communication between two Participants (as defined by a business PartnerRole or a business PartnerEntity—see on page 93).

Fork BPMN uses the term “fork” to refer to the dividing of a path into two or more parallel paths (also known as an AND-Split). It is a place in the Process where activities can be performed concurrently, rather than sequentially.

There are two options:

• Multiple Outgoing Sequence Flows can be used (see figure top-right). This represents “uncontrolled” flow is the preferred method for most situations.

• A Parallel Gateway can be used (see figure bottom-right). This will be used rarely, usually in combination with other Gateways.

Table 7.2 - BPMN Extended Modeling Elements

Odrzucenie zlecenia

36 Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0

Data Object Data Objects provide information about what Activities require to be performed and/or what they produce (see page 205), Data Objects can represent a singular object or a collection of objects. Data Input and Data Output provide the same information for Processes.

Data Object

Data Objec (Collection)

Data Input Data Output

Message A Message is used to depict the contents of a communication between two Participants (as defined by a business PartnerRole or a business PartnerEntity—see on page 93).

Fork BPMN uses the term “fork” to refer to the dividing of a path into two or more parallel paths (also known as an AND-Split). It is a place in the Process where activities can be performed concurrently, rather than sequentially.

There are two options:

• Multiple Outgoing Sequence Flows can be used (see figure top-right). This represents “uncontrolled” flow is the preferred method for most situations.

• A Parallel Gateway can be used (see figure bottom-right). This will be used rarely, usually in combination with other Gateways.

Table 7.2 - BPMN Extended Modeling Elements

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 161

Receive Task

A Receive Task is a simple Task that is designed to wait for a Message to arrive from an external Participant (relative to the Process). Once the Message has been received, the Task is completed.

The actual Participant from which the Message is received can be identified by connecting the Receive Task to a Participant using a Message Flows within the definitional Collaboration of the Process – see Table 10.1.

A Receive Task is often used to start a Process. In a sense, the Process is bootstrapped by the receipt of the Message. In order for the Receive Task to instantiate the Process its instantiate attribute MUST be set to true and it MUST NOT have any incoming Sequence Flow.

A Receive Task object shares the same shape as the Task, which is a rectangle that has rounded corners. However, there is an unfilled envelope marker (the same marker as a catch Message Event) in the upper left corner of the shape that indicates that the Task is a Receive Task.

A Receive Task is a rounded corner rectangle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line and includes an unfilled envelope marker that distinguishes the shape from other Task types (as shown in Figure 10.15). If the instantiate attribute is set to true, the envelope marker looks like a Message Start Event (as shown in Figure 10.16).

Figure 10.15 - A Receive Task Object

Table 10.9 – Send Task model associations

Attribute Name Description/Usage

messageRef: Message [0..1] A Message for the messageRef attribute MAY be entered. This indicates that the Message will be sent by the Task. The Message in this context is equivalent to an out-only message pattern (Web service). One or more corresponding outgoing Message Flows MAY be shown on the diagram. However, the display of the Message Flows is NOT REQUIRED. The Message is applied to all outgoing Message Flows and the Message will be sent down all outgoing Message Flows at the completion of a single instance of the Task.

operationRef: Operation This attribute specifies the operation that is invoked by the Send Task.

implementation: string = ##webService

This attribute specifies the technology that will be used to send and receive the Messages. Valid values are "##unspecified" for leaving the implementation technology open, "##WebService" for the Web service technology or a URI identifying any other technology or coordination protocol A Web service is the default technology.

160 Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0

A Send Task is a rounded corner rectangle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line and includes a filled envelope marker that distinguishes the shape from other Task types (as shown in Figure 10.13).

Figure 10.13 - A Send Task Object

Figure 10.14 - The Send Task and Receive Task class diagram

The Send Task inherits the attributes and model associations of Activity (see Table 10.3). In addition the following constraints apply when the Send Task references a Message: The Send Task has at most one inputSet and one Data Input. If the Data Input is present, it MUST have an ItemDefinition equivalent to the one defined by the associated Message. At execution time, when the Send Task is executed, the data automatically moves from the Data Input on the Send Task into the Message to be sent. If the Data Input is not present, the Message will not be populated with data from the Process.

Table 10.9 presents the additional model associations of the Send Task.

Zlecenie

4.7 Business Process Modeling Notation 209

Pool

Flow Objects

Events

Activities Place Order

Gateways

Connecting Objects

Sequence Flow

Message Flow

Association

Swimlanes

Lane

Data Object

Group

Artefacts

Annotation

Fig. 4.78. Business Process Modeling Notation: categories of elements

Since the goal of this example is to introduce the core elements, simplifica-tions are in place: the business process model provides a simplified view of howreview processes are actually conducted. In addition, there are many authorsand there are also many reviewers. For convenience, just one author and onereviewer are shown. As will be discussed below, situations in which multipleparticipants are involved in the same role cannot be covered conveniently.

The pools in this example represent roles and not concrete participants in abusiness process. Each role at run time has multiple concrete participants whoare actually involved in the business process instance. The BPMN standardindicates that “a pool represents a participant in a process. It is also acts as a“swimlane” and a graphical container for partitioning a set of activities fromother pools, usually in the context of B2B situations.”

The process starts when the PC Chair is asked to organize the scientificprogram of a conference. This is reflected by the start event of the process atthe PC Chair. An event is something that ‘happens’ during the course of abusiness process. These events a↵ect the flow of the process and usually havea cause (trigger) or an impact (result). Events are circles with open centresto allow internal markers to di↵erentiate di↵erent triggers or results.”

The activity enacted first is the publication of a call for papers with de-tailed information on the conference, such as name and location, and alsoinformation regarding the topics addressed by the conference. The receipt ofa message can be an event that is relevant for the process. This concept isused in the sample process when the published call for papers activity sendsa message that the author receives. Receiving this message is represented bythe start event of the author process. The cause of this event is receiving the

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 163

User Task

A User Task is a typical “workflow” Task where a human performer performs the Task with the assistance of a software application and is scheduled through a task list manager of some sort.

A User Task is a rounded corner rectangle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line and includes a human figure marker that distinguishes the shape from other Task types (as shown in Figure 10.17).

Figure 10.17 - A User Task Object

See “User Task” on page 163 within the larger section of “Human Interactions” for the details of User Tasks.

Manual Task

A Manual Task is a Task that is expected to be performed without the aid of any business process execution engine or any application. An example of this could be a telephone technician installing a telephone at a customer location.

A Manual Task is a rounded corner rectangle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line and includes a hand figure marker that distinguishes the shape from other Task types (as shown in Figure 10.17).

Figure 10.18 - A Manual Task Object

See “Manual Task” on page 165 within the larger section of “Human Interactions” for the details of Manual Tasks.

Business Rule

A Business Rule Task provides a mechanism for the Process to provide input to a Business Rules Engine and to get the output of calculations that the Business Rules Engine might provide. The InputOutputSpecification of the Task (see page 211) will allow the Process to send data to and receive data from the Business Rules Engine.

A Business Rule Task object shares the same shape as the Task, which is a rectangle that has rounded corners. However, there is a graphical marker in the upper left corner of the shape that indicates that the Task is a Business Rule Task (see Figure 10.11).

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 163

User Task

A User Task is a typical “workflow” Task where a human performer performs the Task with the assistance of a software application and is scheduled through a task list manager of some sort.

A User Task is a rounded corner rectangle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line and includes a human figure marker that distinguishes the shape from other Task types (as shown in Figure 10.17).

Figure 10.17 - A User Task Object

See “User Task” on page 163 within the larger section of “Human Interactions” for the details of User Tasks.

Manual Task

A Manual Task is a Task that is expected to be performed without the aid of any business process execution engine or any application. An example of this could be a telephone technician installing a telephone at a customer location.

A Manual Task is a rounded corner rectangle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line and includes a hand figure marker that distinguishes the shape from other Task types (as shown in Figure 10.17).

Figure 10.18 - A Manual Task Object

See “Manual Task” on page 165 within the larger section of “Human Interactions” for the details of Manual Tasks.

Business Rule

A Business Rule Task provides a mechanism for the Process to provide input to a Business Rules Engine and to get the output of calculations that the Business Rules Engine might provide. The InputOutputSpecification of the Task (see page 211) will allow the Process to send data to and receive data from the Business Rules Engine.

A Business Rule Task object shares the same shape as the Task, which is a rectangle that has rounded corners. However, there is a graphical marker in the upper left corner of the shape that indicates that the Task is a Business Rule Task (see Figure 10.11).

System dyspozytorski

Baza klientów

Ocena możliwości

warunkowego

przyjęcia zlec.

164 Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0

A Business Rule Task is a rounded corner rectangle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line and includes a marker that distinguishes the shape from other Task types (as shown in Figure 10.19).

Figure 10.19 - A Business Rule Task Object

The Business Rule Task inherits the attributes and model associations of Activity (see Table 10.3). Table 10.11 presents the additional attributes of the Business Rule Task.

Script Task

A Script Task is executed by a business process engine. The modeler or implementer defines a script in a language that the engine can interpret. When the Task is ready to start, the engine will execute the script. When the script is completed, the Task will also be completed.

A Script Task object shares the same shape as the Task, which is a rectangle that has rounded corners. However, there is a graphical marker in the upper left corner of the shape that indicates that the Task is a Script Task (see Figure 10.11).

A Script Task is a rounded corner rectangle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line and includes a marker that distinguishes the shape from other Task types (as shown in Figure 10.20).

Figure 10.20 - A Script Task Object

Table 10.11 – Business Rule Task attributes and model associations

Attribute Name Description/Usage

implementation: string = ##unspecified

This attribute specifies the technology that will be used to implement the Business Rule Task. Valid values are "##unspecified" for leaving the implementation technology open, "##WebService" for the Web service technology or a URI identifying any other technology or coordination protocol. The default technology for this task is unspecified.

Warunkowo przyjęto zlecenie

do realizacji

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261

Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers

Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level

EventSub-ProcessInterrupting

EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting

Catching BoundaryInterrupting

BoundaryNon-Interrupting

Throwing

None

Message

Timer

Error

Escalation

Cancel

Compensation

Conditional

Link

Signal

Terminate

Multiple

Brak możliwości realizacji zlecenia

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261

Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers

Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level

EventSub-ProcessInterrupting

EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting

Catching BoundaryInterrupting

BoundaryNon-Interrupting

Throwing

None

Message

Timer

Error

Escalation

Cancel

Compensation

Conditional

Link

Signal

Terminate

Multiple

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261

Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers

Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level

EventSub-ProcessInterrupting

EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting

Catching BoundaryInterrupting

BoundaryNon-Interrupting

Throwing

None

Message

Timer

Error

Escalation

Cancel

Compensation

Conditional

Link

Signal

Terminate

Multiple

Zbyt długi okres oczekiwania na wolny pojazd !

13!

Rys. 2.7. Model procesu weryfikacji i przydziału zlecenia przewozowego do realizacji, opracowany w notacji EPC

(po korektach)

Ocena

wiarygodności

klienta

Na koncie klienta

brak jest zaległych

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widnieją zaległe

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na pojazd 32EUR

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pojazdów

Spedytor

Spedytor

Spedytor

Klienta

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realizacji zlecenia

Dyspozytor

Baza

klientów

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dyspozytorski

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dyspozytorski Baza

klientów

Zlecenie

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warunkowego

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Spedytor Baza

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Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Page 11: 00 Wprowadzenie Kluczowe elementy BPMpiotr.sawicki.pracownik.put.poznan.pl/dydaktyka/_-zarzadzanie-procesami/zp_00...•opisu przebiegu i zasobów procesu •istnieją różne koncepcje

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Politechnika Poznańska | WILiT | IT | ZST 11

21

Notacja EPCNarzędzia i notacje w BPM

!13!

Rys. 2.7. Model procesu weryfikacji i przydziału zlecenia przewozowego do realizacji, opracowany w notacji EPC

(po korektach)

Ocena

wiarygodności

klienta

Na koncie klienta

brak jest zaległych

płatności

Na koncie klienta

widnieją zaległe

płatności

Odmowa

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zlecenia do

systemu

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zlecenia

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jest zbyt długie

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Spedytor

Spedytor

Klienta

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Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

22

Notacja BPMN 2.0Narzędzia i notacje w BPM

!14!

Rys. 2.9. Model procesu weryfikacji i przydziału zlecenia przewozowego do realizacji, opisany w notacji BPMN v.2.0 (po korektach)

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4.7 Business Process Modeling Notation 211

final version of the paper that will be printed in the conference proceedings.In case the paper is rejected, the join gateway is triggered. To clarify the be-haviour of the split gateway, the outgoing sequence flows are associated withthe respective annotations.

The participants that cooperate in the context of a business process com-municate by sending and receiving messages. In business process diagrams,messages are represented by message flow. Typically a message flow connectsan activity of one participant to an activity or an event of another participant.

Depending on the kind of business process diagram (abstract or global),message flows can link pairs of flow objects, pools, and events. Detailed ruleson message flow connections are discussed below. “A Message Flow is used toshow the flow of messages between two participants that are prepared to sendand receive them. In BPMN, two separate Pools in the Diagram will representthe two participants (e.g., business entities or business roles).”

The notational elements of the BPMN regarding transactional behaviour ofbusiness processes (transaction groups, compensation flow, and cancellation)will not be covered, because their semantics is not laid out in su�cient detailand precision.

Events

Events play a central role in business process management, since they are theglue between situations in business organizations and processes that will be en-acted if these situations occur. Events in a business process can be partitionedinto three types, based on their position in the business process: start eventsare used to trigger processes, intermediate events can delay processes, or theycan occur during processes. End events signal the termination of processes.The notational elements for the event trigger types are shown in Figure 4.80.

Start

Intermediate

End

Termination

Message Timer Rule Error Link Multiple

Fig. 4.80. Event types in the BPMN, Object Management Group (2006)

Start events can have di↵erent triggers.

4.7 Business Process Modeling Notation 211

final version of the paper that will be printed in the conference proceedings.In case the paper is rejected, the join gateway is triggered. To clarify the be-haviour of the split gateway, the outgoing sequence flows are associated withthe respective annotations.

The participants that cooperate in the context of a business process com-municate by sending and receiving messages. In business process diagrams,messages are represented by message flow. Typically a message flow connectsan activity of one participant to an activity or an event of another participant.

Depending on the kind of business process diagram (abstract or global),message flows can link pairs of flow objects, pools, and events. Detailed ruleson message flow connections are discussed below. “A Message Flow is used toshow the flow of messages between two participants that are prepared to sendand receive them. In BPMN, two separate Pools in the Diagram will representthe two participants (e.g., business entities or business roles).”

The notational elements of the BPMN regarding transactional behaviour ofbusiness processes (transaction groups, compensation flow, and cancellation)will not be covered, because their semantics is not laid out in su�cient detailand precision.

Events

Events play a central role in business process management, since they are theglue between situations in business organizations and processes that will be en-acted if these situations occur. Events in a business process can be partitionedinto three types, based on their position in the business process: start eventsare used to trigger processes, intermediate events can delay processes, or theycan occur during processes. End events signal the termination of processes.The notational elements for the event trigger types are shown in Figure 4.80.

Start

Intermediate

End

Termination

Message Timer Rule Error Link Multiple

Fig. 4.80. Event types in the BPMN, Object Management Group (2006)

Start events can have di↵erent triggers.

Zlecenie

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261

Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers

Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level

EventSub-ProcessInterrupting

EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting

Catching BoundaryInterrupting

BoundaryNon-Interrupting

Throwing

None

Message

Timer

Error

Escalation

Cancel

Compensation

Conditional

Link

Signal

Terminate

Multiple

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261

Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers

Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level

EventSub-ProcessInterrupting

EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting

Catching BoundaryInterrupting

BoundaryNon-Interrupting

Throwing

None

Message

Timer

Error

Escalation

Cancel

Compensation

Conditional

Link

Signal

Terminate

Multiple

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261

Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers

Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level

EventSub-ProcessInterrupting

EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting

Catching BoundaryInterrupting

BoundaryNon-Interrupting

Throwing

None

Message

Timer

Error

Escalation

Cancel

Compensation

Conditional

Link

Signal

Terminate

Multiple

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261

Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers

Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level

EventSub-ProcessInterrupting

EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting

Catching BoundaryInterrupting

BoundaryNon-Interrupting

Throwing

None

Message

Timer

Error

Escalation

Cancel

Compensation

Conditional

Link

Signal

Terminate

Multiple

Ocena wiarygodności

klienta

`$

Dzi

ał t

ransport

u

36 Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0

Data Object Data Objects provide information about what Activities require to be performed and/or what they produce (see page 205), Data Objects can represent a singular object or a collection of objects. Data Input and Data Output provide the same information for Processes.

Data Object

Data Objec (Collection)

Data Input Data Output

Message A Message is used to depict the contents of a communication between two Participants (as defined by a business PartnerRole or a business PartnerEntity—see on page 93).

Fork BPMN uses the term “fork” to refer to the dividing of a path into two or more parallel paths (also known as an AND-Split). It is a place in the Process where activities can be performed concurrently, rather than sequentially.

There are two options:

• Multiple Outgoing Sequence Flows can be used (see figure top-right). This represents “uncontrolled” flow is the preferred method for most situations.

• A Parallel Gateway can be used (see figure bottom-right). This will be used rarely, usually in combination with other Gateways.

Table 7.2 - BPMN Extended Modeling Elements

Odrzucenie zlecenia

36 Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0

Data Object Data Objects provide information about what Activities require to be performed and/or what they produce (see page 205), Data Objects can represent a singular object or a collection of objects. Data Input and Data Output provide the same information for Processes.

Data Object

Data Objec (Collection)

Data Input Data Output

Message A Message is used to depict the contents of a communication between two Participants (as defined by a business PartnerRole or a business PartnerEntity—see on page 93).

Fork BPMN uses the term “fork” to refer to the dividing of a path into two or more parallel paths (also known as an AND-Split). It is a place in the Process where activities can be performed concurrently, rather than sequentially.

There are two options:

• Multiple Outgoing Sequence Flows can be used (see figure top-right). This represents “uncontrolled” flow is the preferred method for most situations.

• A Parallel Gateway can be used (see figure bottom-right). This will be used rarely, usually in combination with other Gateways.

Table 7.2 - BPMN Extended Modeling Elements

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 161

Receive Task

A Receive Task is a simple Task that is designed to wait for a Message to arrive from an external Participant (relative to the Process). Once the Message has been received, the Task is completed.

The actual Participant from which the Message is received can be identified by connecting the Receive Task to a Participant using a Message Flows within the definitional Collaboration of the Process – see Table 10.1.

A Receive Task is often used to start a Process. In a sense, the Process is bootstrapped by the receipt of the Message. In order for the Receive Task to instantiate the Process its instantiate attribute MUST be set to true and it MUST NOT have any incoming Sequence Flow.

A Receive Task object shares the same shape as the Task, which is a rectangle that has rounded corners. However, there is an unfilled envelope marker (the same marker as a catch Message Event) in the upper left corner of the shape that indicates that the Task is a Receive Task.

A Receive Task is a rounded corner rectangle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line and includes an unfilled envelope marker that distinguishes the shape from other Task types (as shown in Figure 10.15). If the instantiate attribute is set to true, the envelope marker looks like a Message Start Event (as shown in Figure 10.16).

Figure 10.15 - A Receive Task Object

Table 10.9 – Send Task model associations

Attribute Name Description/Usage

messageRef: Message [0..1] A Message for the messageRef attribute MAY be entered. This indicates that the Message will be sent by the Task. The Message in this context is equivalent to an out-only message pattern (Web service). One or more corresponding outgoing Message Flows MAY be shown on the diagram. However, the display of the Message Flows is NOT REQUIRED. The Message is applied to all outgoing Message Flows and the Message will be sent down all outgoing Message Flows at the completion of a single instance of the Task.

operationRef: Operation This attribute specifies the operation that is invoked by the Send Task.

implementation: string = ##webService

This attribute specifies the technology that will be used to send and receive the Messages. Valid values are "##unspecified" for leaving the implementation technology open, "##WebService" for the Web service technology or a URI identifying any other technology or coordination protocol A Web service is the default technology.

160 Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0

A Send Task is a rounded corner rectangle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line and includes a filled envelope marker that distinguishes the shape from other Task types (as shown in Figure 10.13).

Figure 10.13 - A Send Task Object

Figure 10.14 - The Send Task and Receive Task class diagram

The Send Task inherits the attributes and model associations of Activity (see Table 10.3). In addition the following constraints apply when the Send Task references a Message: The Send Task has at most one inputSet and one Data Input. If the Data Input is present, it MUST have an ItemDefinition equivalent to the one defined by the associated Message. At execution time, when the Send Task is executed, the data automatically moves from the Data Input on the Send Task into the Message to be sent. If the Data Input is not present, the Message will not be populated with data from the Process.

Table 10.9 presents the additional model associations of the Send Task.

Zlecenie

4.7 Business Process Modeling Notation 209

Pool

Flow Objects

Events

Activities Place Order

Gateways

Connecting Objects

Sequence Flow

Message Flow

Association

Swimlanes

Lane

Data Object

Group

Artefacts

Annotation

Fig. 4.78. Business Process Modeling Notation: categories of elements

Since the goal of this example is to introduce the core elements, simplifica-tions are in place: the business process model provides a simplified view of howreview processes are actually conducted. In addition, there are many authorsand there are also many reviewers. For convenience, just one author and onereviewer are shown. As will be discussed below, situations in which multipleparticipants are involved in the same role cannot be covered conveniently.

The pools in this example represent roles and not concrete participants in abusiness process. Each role at run time has multiple concrete participants whoare actually involved in the business process instance. The BPMN standardindicates that “a pool represents a participant in a process. It is also acts as a“swimlane” and a graphical container for partitioning a set of activities fromother pools, usually in the context of B2B situations.”

The process starts when the PC Chair is asked to organize the scientificprogram of a conference. This is reflected by the start event of the process atthe PC Chair. An event is something that ‘happens’ during the course of abusiness process. These events a↵ect the flow of the process and usually havea cause (trigger) or an impact (result). Events are circles with open centresto allow internal markers to di↵erentiate di↵erent triggers or results.”

The activity enacted first is the publication of a call for papers with de-tailed information on the conference, such as name and location, and alsoinformation regarding the topics addressed by the conference. The receipt ofa message can be an event that is relevant for the process. This concept isused in the sample process when the published call for papers activity sendsa message that the author receives. Receiving this message is represented bythe start event of the author process. The cause of this event is receiving the

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 163

User Task

A User Task is a typical “workflow” Task where a human performer performs the Task with the assistance of a software application and is scheduled through a task list manager of some sort.

A User Task is a rounded corner rectangle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line and includes a human figure marker that distinguishes the shape from other Task types (as shown in Figure 10.17).

Figure 10.17 - A User Task Object

See “User Task” on page 163 within the larger section of “Human Interactions” for the details of User Tasks.

Manual Task

A Manual Task is a Task that is expected to be performed without the aid of any business process execution engine or any application. An example of this could be a telephone technician installing a telephone at a customer location.

A Manual Task is a rounded corner rectangle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line and includes a hand figure marker that distinguishes the shape from other Task types (as shown in Figure 10.17).

Figure 10.18 - A Manual Task Object

See “Manual Task” on page 165 within the larger section of “Human Interactions” for the details of Manual Tasks.

Business Rule

A Business Rule Task provides a mechanism for the Process to provide input to a Business Rules Engine and to get the output of calculations that the Business Rules Engine might provide. The InputOutputSpecification of the Task (see page 211) will allow the Process to send data to and receive data from the Business Rules Engine.

A Business Rule Task object shares the same shape as the Task, which is a rectangle that has rounded corners. However, there is a graphical marker in the upper left corner of the shape that indicates that the Task is a Business Rule Task (see Figure 10.11).

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 163

User Task

A User Task is a typical “workflow” Task where a human performer performs the Task with the assistance of a software application and is scheduled through a task list manager of some sort.

A User Task is a rounded corner rectangle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line and includes a human figure marker that distinguishes the shape from other Task types (as shown in Figure 10.17).

Figure 10.17 - A User Task Object

See “User Task” on page 163 within the larger section of “Human Interactions” for the details of User Tasks.

Manual Task

A Manual Task is a Task that is expected to be performed without the aid of any business process execution engine or any application. An example of this could be a telephone technician installing a telephone at a customer location.

A Manual Task is a rounded corner rectangle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line and includes a hand figure marker that distinguishes the shape from other Task types (as shown in Figure 10.17).

Figure 10.18 - A Manual Task Object

See “Manual Task” on page 165 within the larger section of “Human Interactions” for the details of Manual Tasks.

Business Rule

A Business Rule Task provides a mechanism for the Process to provide input to a Business Rules Engine and to get the output of calculations that the Business Rules Engine might provide. The InputOutputSpecification of the Task (see page 211) will allow the Process to send data to and receive data from the Business Rules Engine.

A Business Rule Task object shares the same shape as the Task, which is a rectangle that has rounded corners. However, there is a graphical marker in the upper left corner of the shape that indicates that the Task is a Business Rule Task (see Figure 10.11).

System dyspozytorski

Baza klientów

Ocena możliwości

warunkowego

przyjęcia zlec.

164 Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0

A Business Rule Task is a rounded corner rectangle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line and includes a marker that distinguishes the shape from other Task types (as shown in Figure 10.19).

Figure 10.19 - A Business Rule Task Object

The Business Rule Task inherits the attributes and model associations of Activity (see Table 10.3). Table 10.11 presents the additional attributes of the Business Rule Task.

Script Task

A Script Task is executed by a business process engine. The modeler or implementer defines a script in a language that the engine can interpret. When the Task is ready to start, the engine will execute the script. When the script is completed, the Task will also be completed.

A Script Task object shares the same shape as the Task, which is a rectangle that has rounded corners. However, there is a graphical marker in the upper left corner of the shape that indicates that the Task is a Script Task (see Figure 10.11).

A Script Task is a rounded corner rectangle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line and includes a marker that distinguishes the shape from other Task types (as shown in Figure 10.20).

Figure 10.20 - A Script Task Object

Table 10.11 – Business Rule Task attributes and model associations

Attribute Name Description/Usage

implementation: string = ##unspecified

This attribute specifies the technology that will be used to implement the Business Rule Task. Valid values are "##unspecified" for leaving the implementation technology open, "##WebService" for the Web service technology or a URI identifying any other technology or coordination protocol. The default technology for this task is unspecified.

Warunkowo przyjęto zlecenie

do realizacji

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261

Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers

Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level

EventSub-ProcessInterrupting

EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting

Catching BoundaryInterrupting

BoundaryNon-Interrupting

Throwing

None

Message

Timer

Error

Escalation

Cancel

Compensation

Conditional

Link

Signal

Terminate

Multiple

Brak możliwości realizacji zlecenia

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261

Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers

Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level

EventSub-ProcessInterrupting

EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting

Catching BoundaryInterrupting

BoundaryNon-Interrupting

Throwing

None

Message

Timer

Error

Escalation

Cancel

Compensation

Conditional

Link

Signal

Terminate

Multiple

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261

Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers

Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level

EventSub-ProcessInterrupting

EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting

Catching BoundaryInterrupting

BoundaryNon-Interrupting

Throwing

None

Message

Timer

Error

Escalation

Cancel

Compensation

Conditional

Link

Signal

Terminate

Multiple

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4.7 Business Process Modeling Notation 211

final version of the paper that will be printed in the conference proceedings.In case the paper is rejected, the join gateway is triggered. To clarify the be-haviour of the split gateway, the outgoing sequence flows are associated withthe respective annotations.

The participants that cooperate in the context of a business process com-municate by sending and receiving messages. In business process diagrams,messages are represented by message flow. Typically a message flow connectsan activity of one participant to an activity or an event of another participant.

Depending on the kind of business process diagram (abstract or global),message flows can link pairs of flow objects, pools, and events. Detailed ruleson message flow connections are discussed below. “A Message Flow is used toshow the flow of messages between two participants that are prepared to sendand receive them. In BPMN, two separate Pools in the Diagram will representthe two participants (e.g., business entities or business roles).”

The notational elements of the BPMN regarding transactional behaviour ofbusiness processes (transaction groups, compensation flow, and cancellation)will not be covered, because their semantics is not laid out in su�cient detailand precision.

Events

Events play a central role in business process management, since they are theglue between situations in business organizations and processes that will be en-acted if these situations occur. Events in a business process can be partitionedinto three types, based on their position in the business process: start eventsare used to trigger processes, intermediate events can delay processes, or theycan occur during processes. End events signal the termination of processes.The notational elements for the event trigger types are shown in Figure 4.80.

Start

Intermediate

End

Termination

Message Timer Rule Error Link Multiple

Fig. 4.80. Event types in the BPMN, Object Management Group (2006)

Start events can have di↵erent triggers.

4.7 Business Process Modeling Notation 211

final version of the paper that will be printed in the conference proceedings.In case the paper is rejected, the join gateway is triggered. To clarify the be-haviour of the split gateway, the outgoing sequence flows are associated withthe respective annotations.

The participants that cooperate in the context of a business process com-municate by sending and receiving messages. In business process diagrams,messages are represented by message flow. Typically a message flow connectsan activity of one participant to an activity or an event of another participant.

Depending on the kind of business process diagram (abstract or global),message flows can link pairs of flow objects, pools, and events. Detailed ruleson message flow connections are discussed below. “A Message Flow is used toshow the flow of messages between two participants that are prepared to sendand receive them. In BPMN, two separate Pools in the Diagram will representthe two participants (e.g., business entities or business roles).”

The notational elements of the BPMN regarding transactional behaviour ofbusiness processes (transaction groups, compensation flow, and cancellation)will not be covered, because their semantics is not laid out in su�cient detailand precision.

Events

Events play a central role in business process management, since they are theglue between situations in business organizations and processes that will be en-acted if these situations occur. Events in a business process can be partitionedinto three types, based on their position in the business process: start eventsare used to trigger processes, intermediate events can delay processes, or theycan occur during processes. End events signal the termination of processes.The notational elements for the event trigger types are shown in Figure 4.80.

Start

Intermediate

End

Termination

Message Timer Rule Error Link Multiple

Fig. 4.80. Event types in the BPMN, Object Management Group (2006)

Start events can have di↵erent triggers.

Zlecenie

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261

Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers

Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level

EventSub-ProcessInterrupting

EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting

Catching BoundaryInterrupting

BoundaryNon-Interrupting

Throwing

None

Message

Timer

Error

Escalation

Cancel

Compensation

Conditional

Link

Signal

Terminate

Multiple

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261

Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers

Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level

EventSub-ProcessInterrupting

EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting

Catching BoundaryInterrupting

BoundaryNon-Interrupting

Throwing

None

Message

Timer

Error

Escalation

Cancel

Compensation

Conditional

Link

Signal

Terminate

Multiple

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261

Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers

Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level

EventSub-ProcessInterrupting

EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting

Catching BoundaryInterrupting

BoundaryNon-Interrupting

Throwing

None

Message

Timer

Error

Escalation

Cancel

Compensation

Conditional

Link

Signal

Terminate

Multiple

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261

Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers

Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level

EventSub-ProcessInterrupting

EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting

Catching BoundaryInterrupting

BoundaryNon-Interrupting

Throwing

None

Message

Timer

Error

Escalation

Cancel

Compensation

Conditional

Link

Signal

Terminate

Multiple

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klienta

`$

Dzi

ał t

ransport

u

36 Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0

Data Object Data Objects provide information about what Activities require to be performed and/or what they produce (see page 205), Data Objects can represent a singular object or a collection of objects. Data Input and Data Output provide the same information for Processes.

Data Object

Data Objec (Collection)

Data Input Data Output

Message A Message is used to depict the contents of a communication between two Participants (as defined by a business PartnerRole or a business PartnerEntity—see on page 93).

Fork BPMN uses the term “fork” to refer to the dividing of a path into two or more parallel paths (also known as an AND-Split). It is a place in the Process where activities can be performed concurrently, rather than sequentially.

There are two options:

• Multiple Outgoing Sequence Flows can be used (see figure top-right). This represents “uncontrolled” flow is the preferred method for most situations.

• A Parallel Gateway can be used (see figure bottom-right). This will be used rarely, usually in combination with other Gateways.

Table 7.2 - BPMN Extended Modeling Elements

Odrzucenie zlecenia

36 Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0

Data Object Data Objects provide information about what Activities require to be performed and/or what they produce (see page 205), Data Objects can represent a singular object or a collection of objects. Data Input and Data Output provide the same information for Processes.

Data Object

Data Objec (Collection)

Data Input Data Output

Message A Message is used to depict the contents of a communication between two Participants (as defined by a business PartnerRole or a business PartnerEntity—see on page 93).

Fork BPMN uses the term “fork” to refer to the dividing of a path into two or more parallel paths (also known as an AND-Split). It is a place in the Process where activities can be performed concurrently, rather than sequentially.

There are two options:

• Multiple Outgoing Sequence Flows can be used (see figure top-right). This represents “uncontrolled” flow is the preferred method for most situations.

• A Parallel Gateway can be used (see figure bottom-right). This will be used rarely, usually in combination with other Gateways.

Table 7.2 - BPMN Extended Modeling Elements

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 161

Receive Task

A Receive Task is a simple Task that is designed to wait for a Message to arrive from an external Participant (relative to the Process). Once the Message has been received, the Task is completed.

The actual Participant from which the Message is received can be identified by connecting the Receive Task to a Participant using a Message Flows within the definitional Collaboration of the Process – see Table 10.1.

A Receive Task is often used to start a Process. In a sense, the Process is bootstrapped by the receipt of the Message. In order for the Receive Task to instantiate the Process its instantiate attribute MUST be set to true and it MUST NOT have any incoming Sequence Flow.

A Receive Task object shares the same shape as the Task, which is a rectangle that has rounded corners. However, there is an unfilled envelope marker (the same marker as a catch Message Event) in the upper left corner of the shape that indicates that the Task is a Receive Task.

A Receive Task is a rounded corner rectangle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line and includes an unfilled envelope marker that distinguishes the shape from other Task types (as shown in Figure 10.15). If the instantiate attribute is set to true, the envelope marker looks like a Message Start Event (as shown in Figure 10.16).

Figure 10.15 - A Receive Task Object

Table 10.9 – Send Task model associations

Attribute Name Description/Usage

messageRef: Message [0..1] A Message for the messageRef attribute MAY be entered. This indicates that the Message will be sent by the Task. The Message in this context is equivalent to an out-only message pattern (Web service). One or more corresponding outgoing Message Flows MAY be shown on the diagram. However, the display of the Message Flows is NOT REQUIRED. The Message is applied to all outgoing Message Flows and the Message will be sent down all outgoing Message Flows at the completion of a single instance of the Task.

operationRef: Operation This attribute specifies the operation that is invoked by the Send Task.

implementation: string = ##webService

This attribute specifies the technology that will be used to send and receive the Messages. Valid values are "##unspecified" for leaving the implementation technology open, "##WebService" for the Web service technology or a URI identifying any other technology or coordination protocol A Web service is the default technology.

160 Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0

A Send Task is a rounded corner rectangle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line and includes a filled envelope marker that distinguishes the shape from other Task types (as shown in Figure 10.13).

Figure 10.13 - A Send Task Object

Figure 10.14 - The Send Task and Receive Task class diagram

The Send Task inherits the attributes and model associations of Activity (see Table 10.3). In addition the following constraints apply when the Send Task references a Message: The Send Task has at most one inputSet and one Data Input. If the Data Input is present, it MUST have an ItemDefinition equivalent to the one defined by the associated Message. At execution time, when the Send Task is executed, the data automatically moves from the Data Input on the Send Task into the Message to be sent. If the Data Input is not present, the Message will not be populated with data from the Process.

Table 10.9 presents the additional model associations of the Send Task.

Zlecenie

4.7 Business Process Modeling Notation 209

Pool

Flow Objects

Events

Activities Place Order

Gateways

Connecting Objects

Sequence Flow

Message Flow

Association

Swimlanes

Lane

Data Object

Group

Artefacts

Annotation

Fig. 4.78. Business Process Modeling Notation: categories of elements

Since the goal of this example is to introduce the core elements, simplifica-tions are in place: the business process model provides a simplified view of howreview processes are actually conducted. In addition, there are many authorsand there are also many reviewers. For convenience, just one author and onereviewer are shown. As will be discussed below, situations in which multipleparticipants are involved in the same role cannot be covered conveniently.

The pools in this example represent roles and not concrete participants in abusiness process. Each role at run time has multiple concrete participants whoare actually involved in the business process instance. The BPMN standardindicates that “a pool represents a participant in a process. It is also acts as a“swimlane” and a graphical container for partitioning a set of activities fromother pools, usually in the context of B2B situations.”

The process starts when the PC Chair is asked to organize the scientificprogram of a conference. This is reflected by the start event of the process atthe PC Chair. An event is something that ‘happens’ during the course of abusiness process. These events a↵ect the flow of the process and usually havea cause (trigger) or an impact (result). Events are circles with open centresto allow internal markers to di↵erentiate di↵erent triggers or results.”

The activity enacted first is the publication of a call for papers with de-tailed information on the conference, such as name and location, and alsoinformation regarding the topics addressed by the conference. The receipt ofa message can be an event that is relevant for the process. This concept isused in the sample process when the published call for papers activity sendsa message that the author receives. Receiving this message is represented bythe start event of the author process. The cause of this event is receiving the

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 163

User Task

A User Task is a typical “workflow” Task where a human performer performs the Task with the assistance of a software application and is scheduled through a task list manager of some sort.

A User Task is a rounded corner rectangle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line and includes a human figure marker that distinguishes the shape from other Task types (as shown in Figure 10.17).

Figure 10.17 - A User Task Object

See “User Task” on page 163 within the larger section of “Human Interactions” for the details of User Tasks.

Manual Task

A Manual Task is a Task that is expected to be performed without the aid of any business process execution engine or any application. An example of this could be a telephone technician installing a telephone at a customer location.

A Manual Task is a rounded corner rectangle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line and includes a hand figure marker that distinguishes the shape from other Task types (as shown in Figure 10.17).

Figure 10.18 - A Manual Task Object

See “Manual Task” on page 165 within the larger section of “Human Interactions” for the details of Manual Tasks.

Business Rule

A Business Rule Task provides a mechanism for the Process to provide input to a Business Rules Engine and to get the output of calculations that the Business Rules Engine might provide. The InputOutputSpecification of the Task (see page 211) will allow the Process to send data to and receive data from the Business Rules Engine.

A Business Rule Task object shares the same shape as the Task, which is a rectangle that has rounded corners. However, there is a graphical marker in the upper left corner of the shape that indicates that the Task is a Business Rule Task (see Figure 10.11).

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 163

User Task

A User Task is a typical “workflow” Task where a human performer performs the Task with the assistance of a software application and is scheduled through a task list manager of some sort.

A User Task is a rounded corner rectangle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line and includes a human figure marker that distinguishes the shape from other Task types (as shown in Figure 10.17).

Figure 10.17 - A User Task Object

See “User Task” on page 163 within the larger section of “Human Interactions” for the details of User Tasks.

Manual Task

A Manual Task is a Task that is expected to be performed without the aid of any business process execution engine or any application. An example of this could be a telephone technician installing a telephone at a customer location.

A Manual Task is a rounded corner rectangle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line and includes a hand figure marker that distinguishes the shape from other Task types (as shown in Figure 10.17).

Figure 10.18 - A Manual Task Object

See “Manual Task” on page 165 within the larger section of “Human Interactions” for the details of Manual Tasks.

Business Rule

A Business Rule Task provides a mechanism for the Process to provide input to a Business Rules Engine and to get the output of calculations that the Business Rules Engine might provide. The InputOutputSpecification of the Task (see page 211) will allow the Process to send data to and receive data from the Business Rules Engine.

A Business Rule Task object shares the same shape as the Task, which is a rectangle that has rounded corners. However, there is a graphical marker in the upper left corner of the shape that indicates that the Task is a Business Rule Task (see Figure 10.11).

System dyspozytorski

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Ocena możliwości

warunkowego

przyjęcia zlec.

164 Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0

A Business Rule Task is a rounded corner rectangle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line and includes a marker that distinguishes the shape from other Task types (as shown in Figure 10.19).

Figure 10.19 - A Business Rule Task Object

The Business Rule Task inherits the attributes and model associations of Activity (see Table 10.3). Table 10.11 presents the additional attributes of the Business Rule Task.

Script Task

A Script Task is executed by a business process engine. The modeler or implementer defines a script in a language that the engine can interpret. When the Task is ready to start, the engine will execute the script. When the script is completed, the Task will also be completed.

A Script Task object shares the same shape as the Task, which is a rectangle that has rounded corners. However, there is a graphical marker in the upper left corner of the shape that indicates that the Task is a Script Task (see Figure 10.11).

A Script Task is a rounded corner rectangle that MUST be drawn with a single thin line and includes a marker that distinguishes the shape from other Task types (as shown in Figure 10.20).

Figure 10.20 - A Script Task Object

Table 10.11 – Business Rule Task attributes and model associations

Attribute Name Description/Usage

implementation: string = ##unspecified

This attribute specifies the technology that will be used to implement the Business Rule Task. Valid values are "##unspecified" for leaving the implementation technology open, "##WebService" for the Web service technology or a URI identifying any other technology or coordination protocol. The default technology for this task is unspecified.

Warunkowo przyjęto zlecenie

do realizacji

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261

Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers

Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level

EventSub-ProcessInterrupting

EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting

Catching BoundaryInterrupting

BoundaryNon-Interrupting

Throwing

None

Message

Timer

Error

Escalation

Cancel

Compensation

Conditional

Link

Signal

Terminate

Multiple

Brak możliwości realizacji zlecenia

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261

Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers

Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level

EventSub-ProcessInterrupting

EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting

Catching BoundaryInterrupting

BoundaryNon-Interrupting

Throwing

None

Message

Timer

Error

Escalation

Cancel

Compensation

Conditional

Link

Signal

Terminate

Multiple

Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261

Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers

Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level

EventSub-ProcessInterrupting

EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting

Catching BoundaryInterrupting

BoundaryNon-Interrupting

Throwing

None

Message

Timer

Error

Escalation

Cancel

Compensation

Conditional

Link

Signal

Terminate

Multiple

Zbyt długi okres oczekiwania na wolny pojazd

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

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23

Jak to zrobić … w ARIS?

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

|Symulacja procesu|Modelowanie procesu

https://youtu.be/N6A2pH2rHCE https://youtu.be/5lyXzBmdQUU

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Jak to zrobić … w ARIS?

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

|Symulacja procesu|Modelowanie procesu

https://youtu.be/N6A2pH2rHCE https://youtu.be/5lyXzBmdQUU

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Jak to zrobić … w ARIS?

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

|Symulacja procesu

Page 13: 00 Wprowadzenie Kluczowe elementy BPMpiotr.sawicki.pracownik.put.poznan.pl/dydaktyka/_-zarzadzanie-procesami/zp_00...•opisu przebiegu i zasobów procesu •istnieją różne koncepcje

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Politechnika Poznańska | WILiT | IT | ZST 13

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àWILiT PP jest partnerem w programie ARIS Community• Studenci mają darmowo do

dyspozycji 100 licencji na ARIS Architect & Designer

• Warunek skorzystania– rejestracja na stronie

ariscommunity.com i posiadanie adresu e-mailowego z domeną put.poznan.pl

– licencja ważna jest na 1 rok

– zastosowanie wyłącznie dydaktyczne

Dostępność narzędzia ARIS

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

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Dostępność narzędzia ARIS

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

ariscommunity.com

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Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Politechnika Poznańska | WILiT | IT | ZST 14

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Mela o N., Pidd M., A conceptual framework for under-standing business process and business process modeling. Information System Journal, 2000, vol. 10, no. 2, s.105-129.

Object Management Group, Business process model and notation (BPMN) – Version 2.0, January 2011, http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/2.0 (doste p: 08.02.2013)

Sawicki P., Wielokryterialna optymalizacja procesów w trans-porcie. ITE, Radom, 2013

Scheer A.W., ARIS - Business Process Frameworks, Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1999.

Weske M., Business Process Management. Concepts, Languages, Architectures. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2012

BibliografiaPodsumowanie

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

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Bibliografia – materiały wykładoweŹródła wiedzy

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Sawicki P.

http://piotr.sawicki.pracownik.put.poznan.pl

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Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Politechnika Poznańska | WILiT | IT | ZST 15

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Scheer A.-W.

ARIS – Business Process ModelingSpringer, 2000

BibliografiaŹródła wiedzy

Davis R., Brabänder E.

ARIS Design Platform. Getting started with BPMSpringer, 2010

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

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Weske M.,

Business Process Management.Concepts, Languages, ArchitecturesSpringer, 2012

BibliografiaŹródła wiedzy

Scheer A-W., Abolhassan R.,Jost W., Kirchmer M.

Business Process Excellence. ARIS in PracticeSpringer, 2004

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

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Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Politechnika Poznańska | WILiT | IT | ZST 16

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Gabryelczyk R.

ARIS w modelowaniu procesówbiznesuDifin, 2010

BibliografiaŹródła wiedzy

Sawicki P.

Wielokryterialna optymalizacja procesów w transporcieITE, Radom, 2013

WIELOKRYTERIALNA OPTYMALIZACJA

PROCESÓW W TRANSPORCIE

ISBN 978-83-7789-222-0

Piotr SAWICKI

WIELOKRYTERIALNA OPTYM

ALIZACJA PROCESÓW W

TRANSPORCIEPiotr SAW

ICKI

studiai

rozprawy

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

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Zapraszam do dyskusji i zadawania pytańPodsumowanie

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Page 17: 00 Wprowadzenie Kluczowe elementy BPMpiotr.sawicki.pracownik.put.poznan.pl/dydaktyka/_-zarzadzanie-procesami/zp_00...•opisu przebiegu i zasobów procesu •istnieją różne koncepcje

Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami

Politechnika Poznańska | WILiT | IT | ZST 17

00Tytuł:

WprowadzenieKluczowe elementy BPM

Przedmiot:

Zarządzanie procesami transportowo-logistycznymiSpecjalność:

Logistyka transportuWersja:

2020.03.03

Autor:

Piotr SAWICKI, dr hab. inżZakład Systemów Transportowych | WILiT | [email protected] piotr.sawicki.pracownik.www.put.poznan.plwww.facebook.com/Piotr.Sawicki.PUT