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Effects of MR Damper Placement onEffects of MR Damper Placement on

Structure Vibration ParametersStructure Vibration Parameters

By: Karla VillarrealBy: Karla Villarreal

Advisors:Advisors:

Claudia WilsonClaudia Wilson

Makola M. Abdullah, Ph.D.Makola M. Abdullah, Ph.D.


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OverviewOverviewIntroductionIntroductionControl SystemsControl Systems

MR DamperMR Damper

BackgroundBackground

ObjectiveObjective

MethodologyMethodology

ResultsResultsConclusionConclusion

Future WorkFuture Work


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Collapsed apartment buildings (Kandilli Observatory

and Earthquake Research Institute 1999) (3)

IntroductionIntroduction

Parking garage (FEMA 2004) (1)

Damage on 12th street (Paso

Robles Earthquake 2003) (2)


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MagnetoMagneto

--Rheological DamperRheological Damper

SemiSemi--ActiveActiveMagnetoMagneto

RheologyRheologyControllable fluidControllable fluid

ParaPara--magneticmagneticparticles

20-ton large-scale MR Fluid Damper (Yang 2001) (4)

particles


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BackgroundBackground

1940s1940s

ServiceabilityServiceability

Suspension systemsSuspension systems

Shock absorbersShock absorbers

Seat suspensionsSeat suspensions

ProstheticsProsthetics Other UsesOther Uses

Exercise machinesExercise machines

Washing machinesWashing machines

SemiSemi--Active vibration controlActive vibration control

BridgesBridges

BuildingsBuildings

LORD Corporation (2004) (5)


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Research ObjectiveResearch Objective

To find the effect of MR damper placement onTo find the effect of MR damper placement onthe equivalent damping ratio and on the naturalthe equivalent damping ratio and on the natural

frequency of a building.frequency of a building.


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MethodologyMethodology

MATLAB:MATLAB: UncontrolledUncontrolled

ControlledControlled

Simulink:Simulink: MR damperMR damper

Free vibration responseFree vibration response

Graphical Analysis:Graphical Analysis: Free Vibration Building Response vs. TimeFree Vibration Building Response vs. Time Modal Building Response vs. TimeModal Building Response vs. Time

Data Analysis:Data Analysis: Damping ratio (Damping ratio ())Natural frequency shiftNatural frequency shift

Determine the sensitive current rangeDetermine the sensitive current range

Comparing MR damper placement resultsComparing MR damper placement results


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EquationsEquations

Equation of Motion of building with earthquakeEquation of Motion of building with earthquake

[ ]

)()(

)(1

)(

1

1

10

yxAzyxzzyxz

yxkxczcc

y

xxkycf

nn

oo

o

o

!!!!!!!

!!

!

+=

++

+

=

+=

Mechanical Model of the MR Damper (6)

gxmfkxxcxm !!!!! =++

Damper EquationsDamper Equations (Spencer et al. 1997) (6)(Spencer et al. 1997) (6)

constants,,,,,, 1 =kxnkA oo

MR D


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MR Damper


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Controlled and Uncontrolled Systems

3 DOF Building (8)

Mass: 3.456*105 kg

Stiffness: 1.2*108 kN/m

1st natural frequency: 1.319 Hz

Subjected to FVR

Constant input of zero force Given initial conditions

5 cm displacement on eachfloor

2nd simulation controlled by MRDamper

1st simulation uncontrolled


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Equiv. Damping and Freq. ShiftEquiv. Damping and Freq. Shift

Frequency ShiftFrequency Shift

ji

i

u

u

j += ln

*2

1

Equivalent DampingEquivalent Damping

EquationEquation (7)(7)


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Freq. ResponseFreq. ResponsePlacement:Placement: 11stst FloorFloor 22ndnd FloorFloor 33rdrd FloorFloor

Current (A)Current (A) ResonantResonant

Freq. (Hz)Freq. (Hz)

Freq. ShiftFreq. Shift

(Hz)(Hz)

ResonantResonant



(Hz)(Hz)

ResonantResonant



(Hz)(Hz)

No DamperNo Damper 1.319771.31977 00 1.319771.31977 00 1.319771.31977 00

00 1.326811.32681 .00702.00702 1.324431.32443 .00467.00467 1.323201.32320 .00657.00657

11 1.333741.33374 .01396.01396 1.3251171.325117 .00535.00535 1.309791.30979 .00997.00997

22 1.334041.33404 .01426.01426 1.3249941.324994 .00523.00523 1.309811.30981 .00996.00996

33 1.335761.33576 .01597.01597 1.3202711.320271 .01599.01599 1.309331.30933 .01044.01044

44 1.336201.33620 .01642.01642 1.3193831.319383 .00038.00038 1.309111.30911 .01066.01066

55 1.335901.33590 .01611.01611 1.3191561.319156 .00061.00061 1.309041.30904 .01073.01073

66 1.355861.35586 .01608.01608 1.3191041.319104 .00066.00066 1.308991.30899 .01078.01078


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Equivalent Damping RatiosEquivalent Damping Ratios

Placement:Placement: 11stst FloorFloor 22ndnd FloorFloor 33rdrd FloorFloor

Current (A)Current (A) DampingDamping

Ratio (%)Ratio (%)

Add.Add.

Damping (%)Damping (%)

DampingDamping

Ratio (%)Ratio (%)

Add.Add.


DampingDamping

Ratio (%)Ratio (%)

Add.Add.


No DamperNo Damper 2.193652.19365 00 2.193652.19365 00 2.193652.19365 00

00 2.803572.80357 .60992.60992 3.913373.91337 1.719721.71972 1.592081.59208 --.60157.60157

11 5.994765.99476 3.801113.80111 3.607663.60766 1.414011.41401 1.270501.27050 --.092315.092315

22 6.288606.28860 4.094954.09495 4.867154.86715 2.673502.67350 2.307442.30744 .011379.011379

33 7.148847.14884 4.955194.95519 3.385423.38542 1.191771.19177 1.134091.13409 --1.059561.05956

44 7.428237.42823 5.234585.23458 2.197722.19772 0.004080.00408 1.087891.08789 --1.105761.10576

55 7.472077.47207 5.278435.27843 2.202842.20284 0.009190.00919 1.068361.06836 --1.125291.12529

66 7.479767.47976 5.286125.28612 2.204502.20450 0.010860.01086 1.058261.05826 --1.135391.13539


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Damper Placement ResultsDamper Placement Results


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Sensitive Current RangeSensitive Current Range

Sensitive Current Range

0.00000

1.00000

2.00000

3.00000

4.00000

5.00000

6.00000

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Current (Amps)

AdditionalDam

ping(%)

Sensitive Current Range

0.00000

0.00200

0.00400

0.00600

0.00800

0.01000

0.01200

0.01400

0.01600

0.01800

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Current (Amps)

FrequencyShift(Hz)


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ConclusionConclusion

1.1. Effect of MR Damper placement on naturalEffect of MR Damper placement on natural

freq. shift:freq. shift:

Occurs at every floorOccurs at every floor

Larger shifts occur when MR Damper wasLarger shifts occur when MR Damper was

placed on the 1placed on the 1stst floorfloor

2.2. Effect of MR Damper placement onEffect of MR Damper placement on ::

Values decreased as the MR Damper was movedValues decreased as the MR Damper was moved

up in the buildingup in the building

Controlled best on 1Controlled best on 1stst FloorFloor

3.3. Sensitive current range from 0Sensitive current range from 0--3 Amps3 Amps


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Future WorkFuture Work

Comparing the SensitiveComparing the Sensitive

Current Range to theCurrent Range to theSensitive Voltage RangeSensitive Voltage Range

Run simulations forRun simulations for10 DOF10 DOF

New project onNew project on EffectsEffects

of MR Damperof MR Damperplacement on bridgeplacement on bridge

vibration responsevibration response


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AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements

MCEERMCEER

REUJAT programREUJAT program

Makola M. Abdullah, Ph.D.Makola M. Abdullah, Ph.D.

Claudia Wilson, M.S.C.E.Claudia Wilson, M.S.C.E.Tokyo UniversityTokyo University

Dr.Dr. YozoYozo FujinoFujino

R fR f


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shl/kids/picture.cfm?picture=002730.gif&id=10shl/kids/picture.cfm?picture=002730.gif&id=10 2004.2004.2.2. Paso Robles picture: Central Coast TouristPaso Robles picture: Central Coast Tourist

http://www.centralcoasttourist.com/San_Luis_Obispo_CO/earthquakehttp://www.centralcoasttourist.com/San_Luis_Obispo_CO/earthquake2003/Paso_Robl2003/Paso_Robles_Earthquake.htmes_Earthquake.htm 2004.2004.

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