01 basic of piping material

7/29/2019 01 Basic of Piping Material

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"Try not to become a man of SUCCESS, but rather try to become a man of VALUE"

BASIC OF PIPING MATERIAL


By:Miduk Aritonang


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2. CRISTAL STRUCTURE OF IRONS:

Face Centred Cubic (FCC)

- Stable structure above about 900oC

- Atom volume is about74 %

- Coordination num. is 12

- Known asAustenite

- Low Strength, Ductile, High

Toughness

- Non Magnetic

- Aluminium, Nickel, etc

Body Centred Cubic (BCC)- Stable structure below about 700oC

- Atom volume is about68 %

- Coordination num. is 8

- Known asFerrite

- High Strength, Brittle, Low Toughness

- Magnetic

- Iron, Chromium, Vanadium, Molybdenum,Tungsten, etc


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3. TESTING OF MATERIAL

- Hardness Test Hardness measurement of material towarda deformation (plastic deformation or permanent

defomation)

Type of Hardness Test:- Scratch Hardness- Identation Hardness- Dynamic Hardness

Type of Identation Hardness Test:- Brinell Hardness by J.A. Brinell (1900), using steel ball.

- Vickers Hardness

using diamond pyramid- Rockwell Hardness using cone pyramid


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- Tensile Test

F

F

"T b f SUCCESS b h b f VALUE"


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- Impact Test

"T t t b f SUCCESS b t th t t b f VALUE"


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- Non Destructive Test To detect a defect or crack/fracture at inside or surface

material without demage a material.

Visual Method Liquid Penetrant Method Magnetic Particle Method Ultrasonic Method Radiografy Method Eddy Current Method

"Try not to become a man of SUCCESS but rather try to become a man of VALUE"


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Visual Method Visual monitoring or using optic device (fiberscope, boroscope, etc)with min. of enlargement is 5x



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Try not to become a man of SUCCESS, but rather try to become a man of VALUE


Liquid Penetrant Method Using Fluorescant Penetrant

Crack


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Ultrasonic Method Using Piezo Electric that can be convert the electric energy (current)to mechanical energy (wave) & the other hand, and called as Probe.

Function of Probe device are as Transmitter and also Receiver

Plate

crack

0 2 4 6 8 10

Initialpulse

Crackecho

Back surfaceecho

Oscilloscope or FlawDetector Screen



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Radiografy Method

Specimen

Defect

Film

Film (Top View)


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y , y


NDT Inspection LevelASNT SNT TC Level I :

Techniciansqualified to perform only specific calibrations and tests under close supervision anddirection by higher level personnel

Can only report test results

Normally they work following specific work instructions for testing procedures and rejectioncriteria.

ASNT SNT TC Level I I:

Engineers or experienced technicianswho are able to set up and calibrate testing equipment,conduct the inspection according to codes and standards (instead of following work instructions)and compile work instructions for Level 1 technicians

Have authorize to report, interpret, evaluate and document testing results

Must be familiar with applicable codes and standards and have some knowledge of themanufacture and service of tested products

ASNT SNT TC Level I I I:

Specialized engineers or very experienced technicians. They can establish NDT techniques andprocedures and interpret codes and standards

Conducts directly NDT laboratories and have central role in personnel certification

Have wider knowledge covering materials, fabrication and product technology.


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SEAMLESS WELDED

Longitudinal Welded Pipe

Spiral Welded Pipe

Seamless Pipe Manufacture

Welded



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ELECTRIC RESISTANCE WELDED (ERW) PIPE

ERW Pipe FailureERW Pipe Manufacture

Lowest Cost

ERW type only that still be producted by domestic pipe manufacture ERW type mostly producted for small diameter pipe, up to 30 ERW type for small wall thickness & Seamless type for heavy wall thickness


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Reducer:

Concentric Reducer Eccentric Reducer

WeldoletNipoletThreadolet

Sockolet

Nipple:

Concentric Nipple Eccentric Nipple

Outlet Fitting (Olet):

Nipolet Weldolet

Threadolet Sockolet



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Cap:

Plug:

Union:

Nipple:


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8. GASKET & RING MATERIAL


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11 SPECIAL ITEMS MATERIAL


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11. SPECIAL ITEMS MATERIAL

Strainer :

Barred Tee :

Flame Arrestor :

Chemical Injection :


12 WELDING


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12. WELDING

Single sided

Double sided

Butt Weld: Fillet Weld:

Single sided

Double sided


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- Structure Welding AWS

- Pressure Parts Welding ASME Section IX

- Pipeline Welding API 1104

International Standards for Welding:


AWS Specification:


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AWS Specification:

- Electrodes enumeration:

EABC D EE = electrode

ABC = tensile strength (psi)D = positionE = power supply

ex: E 07010E = arc welding electrode070 = 70,000 psi1 = all position welding0 = DC+


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14. STAINLESS STEEL FAMILY


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14. STAINLESS STEEL FAMILY

Grade UNS No. Family

Cr Ni Mo N C (max) Other PRE No.Yield

StrengthTensileStrength

% % % % % % %MPa(min)b

MPa(min)b

420 S42000 Martensitic 13

0.15

(min) 13.00 1480 1720

430 S43000 Ferritic 17 0.12 17.00 205 450

304 S30400 Austenitic 18 8 - 9 0.04 - 0.1 18.00 205 515

304L S30403 Austenitic 18 8 - 9


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15 ALLOY 825 (INCOLOY 825)


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15a. ALLOY 825 (INCOLOY 825)

Composition42% Ni, 21.5% Cr, 3% Mo, 2% Cu, Fe

Benefits

Lower cost Nickel alloy

Good H2S / CO2 resistance

Welding / fabrication

Limitations

Low yield strength

Low PREN (~28)

Not sea water resistant


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16 RAW MATERIAL COST GUIDE


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Carbon Steel 1

Austenitic Stainless Steels (type 304/304L, 316/316 L) 6

Super Austenitic Stainless Steels 12-20

22%Cr - Duplex SS 6

25%Cr - Super Duplex SS 12

Alloy 825 (Incoloy) 18

Alloy 625 (Inconel) 35

16. RAW MATERIAL COST GUIDE

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01 basic of piping material

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