01_iec 61850 systems and their components

8/14/2019 01_IEC 61850 Systems and Their Components

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IEC 61850 Systems and theirIEC 61850 Systems and their

ComponentsComponents

IEC 61850 Seminar


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Communication in SubstationsCommunication in Substations

Centralized monitoring and control With numerical relays (IEDs) substation

automation has become more popular and easyto install

Reduced hardwiring saving time and effort oncommissioning and maintenance


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Communication in SubstationsCommunication in Substations

SUBSTATION COMMUNICATION

Physical link Protocol

RS485 - copper

RS232 - copper

Ethernet - copper

Ethernet optic

SPA

Courier

Prof ibus . . .

MODBUS

DNP3

IEC 60870

Proprietary

Open


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IEC 61850IEC 61850 -- in briefin brief

Not just another bus system

Goes far beyond almost all othercommunication standards

It extends the way automation devices work together

Defines WHAT to communicate and HOW tocommunicate

Everything has a name

Configuration language for devices andsubstations


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Selects communication protocols Applicable in substations and many other

domains

Windpower Distributed Energy Resources

Hydro plant

IEC 61850IEC 61850 -- in briefin brief


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IEC 61850IEC 61850 -- ScopeScope

WG10: Functional Architecture and General Requirements


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Station BusStation Bus

WG11: Communication within and between Unitand Station levels


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Process BusProcess Bus

WG12: Communication within and between Processand Unit levels


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Standardized data models

for all applications

IEC 61850 StandardIEC 61850 Standard

Uses the strengths of the OSI 7 layer communication model

Station bus

Communication between IED and master stations

Data polled by Master from IED (Buffered or un-buffered)

Inter IED data exchange through multi-cast GOOSEmessages

Process bus

Communication between plant equipment and IEDs(switchgear, Instrument transformers)

Exchange of sampled values

Bus separation is becoming less distinct


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Requirements of New StandardRequirements of New Standard

Free Configuration: The support of different

philosophies and ability for free allocation of functions, i.e.it will work equally well for centralized (RTU like) or

decentralized (SCS like) systems.

Interoperability: The ability for IEDs from one or several

manufacturer to exchange information and use theinformation for the their own functions.

Long Term Stabil ity: The standard shall be future proof,

i.e. it must be able to follow the progress in communication

technology as well as evolving system requirements.

The goal of the IEC 61850 standard is to ensure:


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InteroperabilityInteroperability

Ability of two or more IEDs from the same vendor, orfrom different vendors, to exchange information anduse that information for correct execution of specifiedfunctions

IEDIntelligent

Electronic

Device

Request

Response

Event

Has a DATA

MODEL modelthat can be

accessed

The WHAT toexchange (IEC

61850-7-3 &4)

The HOW to

exchange (IEC

61850-7-2)


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Free Configuration ofFree Configuration of

communicationcommunication Hardwired & point to point links


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communicationcommunication Separate Station and Process bus networks


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communicationcommunication Single substation bus network


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Free Configuration of functionsFree Configuration of functions

to IEDsto IEDs Combined protection and control unit


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Free Configuration of functionsFree Configuration of functions

to IEDsto IEDs Separate protection, smart switchgear


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Long term stabilityLong term stability


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Generic Communication ModelGeneric Communication Model

Data Access Model

Semantics Services


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Modeling ApproachModeling Approach

Functional Decomposition Used to understand the logical relationships

between components of a distributed functionand is presented in terms of logical nodes thatdescribe the functions, sub-functions andfunctional interfaces

Data Flow Used to understand the communication

interfaces that must support the exchange of

information between distributed functionalcomponents and the functional performancerequirements


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ModelingModelingApproachApproach

Information Modeling Used to define the abstract syntax and semantics of the

information exchanged and is presented in terms of dataobject classes and types, attr ibutes, abstract objectmethods (services) and their relationships

Object oriented communications organise the databy function to simplify distributed applications

Standardized object models allow for applicationinteroperability

Self-description and Meta-Data allows for onlinevalidation

Focus is shifting from data acquisition to DataManagement

D t C i ti i IECD t C i ti i IEC


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Data Communication using IECData Communication using IEC

6185061850 Logical Nodes 92 Logical Node Classes

IEC61850-7-1 Standard

D t C i ti i IEC


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6185061850 Logical Groupings 13 different groups


Vi li iVi t li ti


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VirtualizationVirtualization


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VirtualizationVirtualization

Real

Data/Devicescontroller

(Virtual World)

class

class

class

ACSI

Services

Virtual Device

Hides/encapsulatesrealWorld

Application



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6185061850 Data classes and example




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6185061850 Logical groupings Devices, nodes, classes and data.Physical Device (Server)

Logical Device

Logical Node XCBR Logical Node MMXU

Data Class Pos

Data StV

Data ClassA

Data PhA

IEC 61850 Cl M d lIEC 61850 Class Model


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IEC 61850 Class ModelIEC 61850 Class Model

{Aggregation determinedby 7-4 table-references }

{Values and Types are determinedby Common Data Classes}

1..n

XCBR

POS

DATA-

ATTRIBUTE

SERVER

LOGICAL-

DEVICE

PDISLOGICAL-

NODE

MDD

DATA

**

1..n

* *

Class Model of IEC 61850-7 (Example)

DPCSPS

myXCBR1: XCBR

xyz: LOGICAL-DEVICE

abc: SERVER

pos1: POS

stVal: DATA-ATTRIBUTE

Instances (Examples)

Logical Node Classes defined in 7-4

Data Classes defined in 7-4

Common Data Classes defined in 7-3


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SelfSelf--describing Datadescribing Data

A client can discover the deviceservers capabilities

Comparable to the services of a

web browser Used initially when defining the

system configuration or duringtuning/maintenance of the system

Modeling ApproachModeling Approach


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Modeling ApproachModeling Approach --

Standardized extensionsStandardized extensions

I f ti FlI f ti Fl S iS i


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Information FlowInformation Flow -- ServicesServices

Communication ConceptsCommunication Concepts


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Communication ConceptsCommunication Concepts

B i R f M d lBasic Reference Model


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Basic Reference ModelBasic Reference Model --

ServicesServices

Server Building BlocksServer Building Blocks


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Server Building BlocksServer Building Blocks

Server

Logical Device nameplate, health

Logical Node

Data

Control

Substitution

Get/Set

Dir/Definition

Data

Set

Reporting

& Logging Report

Setting GroupAct ivate

GOOSE GOOSE

Sampled

Values SMV

Time Synchronisation File Transfer Association

Logical Devices as ProxyLogical Devices as Proxy


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Logical Devices as ProxyLogical Devices as Proxy

ServersServersPHD A

LD1

LLN0

LD specific

LN

LPHD

PHD specific

LD2

LLN0

LPHD

LN

PHD B

LD6

LD5

Proxy/Gateway

LD Proxy

LPHD

LD2

LLN0

LPHD

LN

LD1

LLN0

LPHD

LN

LLN0

LD5

LD6

Mapping ExampleMapping Example


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Mapping ExampleMapping Example

XCBR

TCTR

GGIO

TVTR

ATCC

Tap Changer Controller

Voltage Transformer

Current Transformer

General Input / Output

Circuit Breaker

ICIRC

RFLO

RDRE

PDIS

Disturbance Recorder

Distance Protection

Fault Locator

MMXUMeasurement Unit

XARCMonitoring for Arcs

GAPC

Automat ic

Process Control

limit

overflow

added switch

current

distance

instantaneous

(record)

reactance

RMS

demand

circulating

current

Physical Device Bay ControllerSingle Line Diagram

Example for some currentrelated information

IEC 61850 StandardIEC 61850 Standard SystemSystem


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Testing AspectsTesting Aspects Part 3 - General Requirements

Quality Requirements ( reliabil ity, maintainabili ty, system

availability, security) Environmental conditions

Auxiliary Services

Other standards and specifications

Part 4 - System and Project Management Engineering (parameter classification, engineering tools,

documentation) System lifecycle ( product versions, discontinuation, support

after discontinuation)

Quality assurance ( responsibili ties, test equipment type

tests, system tests, FAT and SAT)

IEC 61850 StandardIEC 61850 Standard -- SystemSystem


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AspectsAspects Part 5 - Communication Requirements for Functions andDevice Models Logical interfaces

Requirements and interoperability

Substation automation system functions: Function categories and list of functions

Specification of functions Performance requirements of functions

Logical nodes and PICOMs Concept

Logical node categories and list of logical nodes The use of logical nodes, interaction of logical nodes

Specification of message types with performance requirements

List of PICOMs and classification of PICOMs to message types

Performance calculations for typical substation configurations

IEC 61850 StandardIEC 61850 Standard --


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IEC 61850 StandardIEC 61850 Standard

ConfigurationConfiguration Part 6 - Substations automation system

configuration language Overview of intended system engineeringprocess

Definition of system parameter exchange fileformat based on XML containing:

primary system schematic (single line) description

Communication connection description

IED capabilit ies Allocation of logical instances to primary system

Allocation of logical nodes to physical devices.

IEC 61850 StandardIEC 61850 Standard DataData


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IEC 61850 StandardIEC 61850 Standard -- DataData

ModellingModelling

Part 7 Basic Communication Structure for

Substation and Feeder Equipment

Part 7-1 Principles and Models

Introduction to part 7-x Concepts of communication modeling in IEC 61850

Part 7-2 Abstract Communication Service Interface Specification of abstract communication models and

services

Concepts of hierarchical object model



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ModellingModelling

Part 7-3 Common Data Classes

Part 7-4 Compatible Logical node classes

and data classes Definitions of logical node classes and data

classes

logical node classes are composed of dataclasses

IEC 61850 StandardIEC 61850 Standard -- StationStation


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Bus MappingBus Mapping Part 8-1 - Mapping to MMS and ISO/IEC 8802-3

Mapping of communication models from part 7-2 except the model fortransmission of sampled values

Mapping to MMSMapping to MMS


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Mapping to MMSMapping to MMS

IEC 61850 StandardIEC 61850 Standard -- ProcessProcess


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IEC 61850 Standard Process

Bus MappingBus Mapping Part 9-1 - Sampled values over serial

unidirectional multi-drop point to point link

Mapping of the core elements from the model fortransmission of sampled measured values

Use of IEEE 802.3

Part 9-2 Sampled values over ISO/IEC 8802-3 Mapping of the complete model for transmission of

sampled measured values and the model forgeneric object orineted system events (GOOSE)

The mapping of the other models of part 7-2 is

according to part 8-1

IEC61850 Standard

IEC 61850 StandardIEC 61850 Standard -- ScopeScope


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C 6 850 S a da d Scopep

Part 9-1 (contd.)

IEC 61850 StandardIEC 61850 Standard --


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IEC 61850 StandardIEC 61850 Standard -

ConformanceConformance

Part 10 - Conformance Testing Conformance test procedure

Quality assurance and testing

Required documentation Device related conformance testing

Certification of test facilit ies, requirement and

validation of test equipment

01_iec 61850 systems and their components

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