03 tm2100eu02tm 0001 gsm services

8/13/2019 03 Tm2100eu02tm 0001 Gsm Services

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GSM Services Siemens

TM2100EU02TM_00011

Contents

1 GSM Phase 1/2 Services 3

2 Applications 13

3 GSM Phase 2+ Services 21

GSM Services


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Siemens GSM Services

TM2100EU02TM_00012


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1 GSM Phase 1/2 Services

Teleservices Bearer Services

SupplementaryServices

GSM Phase 1/2

Services

Services

ISDN-oriented

Mobile specific services

& modifications

Fig. 1


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GSM Services Phase 1/2

The GSM Services enable the users of a network to transmit or receive different

types of information.The Mobile Station MS ME recognizes the desired service automatically or by userinput and sends the appropriate service requests to the network.

The services defined in GSM Phase 2 are similar to the ISDN (Integrated ServicesDigital Network) services. However, when compared with ISDN, GSM also containsmobile specific modifications and services.

The GSM services are divided into three categories:

Bearer Services BS Tele Services TS Supplementary Services SSBearer Services BS

GSM BS define the capabilities to transmit digital data (OSI Layer 1 3). Thus theinformation transmission between terminals at particular access points (user-networkinterface) is achieved. The application itself is not included in this definition.

Tele Services TS

GSM TS are defined "end to end". They offer the transmission of data (speech / data)

and include the application itself (OSI Layer 1 7).

TS and BS are so-called basic services. This means not that a user mayautomatically use these services after the completion of a subscriber contract. Thisonly happens with essential services such as emergency service. Other servicessuch as e.g. SMS or faxing must be additionally ordered.

Supplementary Services SS

Supplementary services are services which enhance or modify the existing BS or TS.

Supplementary services may only be used in connection with a basic service.


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TE(MS)

GSM networkInterworkingFunction IWF

Transit networkTerminating

networkTE

(MS)

Teleservices

Bearer Services

section outside PLMNPLMN section

Bearer Services BS:defines data transmission

Tele Services TS:defines services "end-to-end"

incl. application

Supplementary Services SS:enhance/modify TS / BS

Fig. 2


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GSM Phase 1/2 Bearer Services

The Bearer Services (GSM Rec. 02.01, 02.02) enable data transmission between the

respective terminal equipment interfaces. GSM Bearer Services offer asynchronousand synchronous data transport both circuit or packet switched. In GSM Phase 1 and2 data rates of 300 bit/s up to 9.6 kbit/s or 13 kbit/s for speech transmission areprovided.

The Bearer Services 21 - 53 offer data transmission rates of 0.3 - 9.6 kbit/s. Thesubdivision into UDI (Unrestricted Digital Information) and 3.1 kHz is associated withthe manner in which the services outside a PLMN are further transmitted and deter-mine the Interworking Function which must be activated for each service when thenetwork is changed. UDI corresponds to the UDI services of ISDN and supplies achannel for unlimited transmission of digital information. The category 3.1 kHz is

used to enable a transition in an analogue network (PSTN).Transparent services, with exception of the Interworking Function (enables to changethe network) are not edited in the network elements. They are protected by ForwardError Correction FEC. The non-transparent mode activates an additional protection(Backward Error Correction BEC) via the radio interface.

A change between speech and data is possible via the Bearer Services 61 and 81.Bearer Service 61 allows a multiple change between speech and data. In the case ofBearer Service 81, it is not permitted to change back to a voice service afterchanging to a data service.


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BSNo.

Service Structure Bitrate[bit/s]

Mode Transmission

21

22

23

24

25

26

line oriented asynchronous 300

1200

1200/75

2400

4800

9600

T/NT

T/NT

T/NT

T/NT

T/NT

T/NT

UDI / 3.1 kHz

UDI / 3.1 kHz

UDI / 3.1 kHz

UDI / 3.1 kHz

UDI / 3.1 kHz

UDI / 3.1 kHz

31

32

33

34

line oriented synchronous 1200

2400

4800

9600

T

T/NT

T/NT

T/NT

T/NT

UDI / 3.1 kHz

UDI / 3.1 kHz

UDI / 3.1 kHz

UDI / 3.1 kHz

UDI / 3.1 kHz

41

42

43

44

45

46

PAD asynchronous 300

1200

1200/75

2400

4800

9600

T/NT

T/NT

T/NT

T/NT

T/NT

T/NT

UDI

UDI

UDI

UDI

UDI

UDI

51

52

53

PAD synchronous 2400

4800

9600

NT

NT

NT

UDI

UDI

UDI

61 alternatingspeech/data

13000/9600

81 speechfollowedby data

1300/9600

Bearer Services

T/NT:

UDI:

PAD:

Transparent / Non-Transparent

Unrestricted Digital Information

Packet Assembler / Disassembler

Fig. 3


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Tele Services TS

The Tele Services (GSM Rec. 02.03) offer the complete range of communication

services between users. The most important categories of TS are represented byvoice services (TS11/12), Short Message Service (SMS: TS21-23), Teletext (TS51)and Fax transmission (TS61/62).

TS11sets up speech calls between a mobile subscriber (PLMN) and a fixednetwork subscriber (ISDN/PSTN) or (other) PLMN subscriber. There is adifferentiation in the called party: Mobile Originating Call MOC means to be thatthe mobile subscriber has initiated the call, Mobile Terminating Call MTC means tobe that the mobile subscriber is called.

TS12sets up speech calls between a mobile subscriber (PLMN) and one in anemergency service central office which is allocated to a respective location.

TS21 &TS22: In the case of Short Message Services TS21 and TS22, it ispossible to receive or transmit messages with a length up to 160 alphanumericcharacters.

TS23: In the case of TS23, the Short Message Service Cell Broadcast (SMSCB), itis possible to receive messages of a length up to 93 alphanumeric characters froma Cell Broadcast Center. Classically described as "paging", messages on differenttopics concerning a particular area can be received (e.g. traffic; meteorological;stock information, etc.).

Further Tele Services are provided as an option, but, due to a lack of demand,seldom implemented.


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Teleservices

T/NT:UDI:

PAD:

Transparent / Non-TransparentUnrestricted Digital Information

Packet Assembler / Disassembler

Category TS No. Service

Speech 11

12

Telephony; MOC, MTC

Emergency Call

Short Message Service 21

22

23

Short Message MT, PP

Short Message MO, PP

Short Message Service Cell BroadcastSMSCB

Teletext transmission 51 Teletext

Fax transmission 61

62

Alternating speech / fax (Group 3),T/NT

Fax (Group 3) automatic, T/NT

Fig. 4


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Supplementary Services

Supplementary Services modify or extend a basic BS or a basic TS and can never be

offered alone to a subscriber. A supplementary service must be offered together witha basic telecommunication service. The same supplementary service can be offered

with a range of telecommunication services.

The Supplementary Services are defined in the GSM Rec. 02.8x. An overviewregarding general aspects of GSM Supplementary Services, including definitions andrecommended regulations, is given by the GSM Rec. 02.04 (General onsupplementary services).

In the GSM Phase 1, only a small circuit of supplementary services concerning callforwarding, call transfer and call restriction has been specified. A morecomprehensive range of supplementary services following ISDN was introduced in

GSM Phase 2.

The following groups of Supplementary Services will be offered:

Number Identification Service Call Offering Services Call Completion Services Community of Interest Service Call Restriction ServiceAdditional Information Transfer Service Multi Party Service Charging Service Simultaneous Use of Services


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SupplementaryServices

Category Abbreviation Service

Number

Identification

CLIP

CLIR

CoLP

CoLR

MCI

Calling Line Identification Presentation

Calling Line Identification Restriction

Connected Line identification Presentation

Connected Line identification Restriction

Malicious Call Identification

Call Offering CFU

CFB

CFNRy

CFNRc

CT

MAH

Call Forwarding Unconditional

Call Forwarding on mobile subscriber Busy

Call Forwarding on No Reply

Call Forwarding on mobile subscriber NotReachable

Call Transfer

Mobile Access Hunting

Call Completion HOLD

CW

CCBS

Call HOLD

Call Waiting

Completion of Call to Busy Subscriber

Community

of Interest

CUG Closed User Group

Call Restriction BAOC

BOIC

BAIC

BOIC-ex HC

BIC-Roam

Barring of All Outgoing Calls

Barring of Outgoing International Calls

Barring of All Incoming Calls

BOIC except those to Home PLMN

Barring of Incoming Calls when

Roaming outside the home PLMN

Additional Infor-mation Transfer

UUS User-to-User Signaling

Multi Party 3PTY

CONF

Three Party Service

CONFerence calling

Charging AoC

FPH

REVC

Advice of Charge

FreePhone Service

REVerse Charging

Fig. 5


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2 Applications

Applications

Services

Fig. 6


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Current Situation

GSM is optimized like other 2G mobile communication standards for speech

transmission.Speech transmission also play a dominating role in the services that may be takenup. There are many supplementary services for conversation connections that arespecified in the GSM Recommendations and are for the most part compatible withthe services offered by ISDN. Amongst these are, e.g. call forwarding, call barring,call waiting, automatic dial-back and conference calling.

Mobile Equipment is therefore mainly developed for speech connections. In the GSMRec. 02.06 the different types of Mobile Stations MS (MS = Mobile Equipment ME +Subscriber Identity Module SIM) and their possible transmission powers are defined.They are subdivided into:

Appliances for permanent installation in vehicles (Car Phones) Portable equipment (for vehicles): Portables Handhelds / Mobile PhonesThe maximum transmission power amounts up to 20 W (old) or 8 W for car phonesand up to 2 W for handhelds in GSM900 or up to 4 W for car phones and 1 W forHandhelds in GSM1800/1900. The output power is variable in 2 dB steps to aminimum of 5 / 2 mW (Power Control).

Despite the fact that GSM is mainly optimized for speech transmission, the capabilityto transmit data was planned from the beginning. In addition to speech transmission,a lot of terminal equipment is capable of performing data services (e.g. SMS).

For data transmission purposes, the possibility of connecting further suitable terminalequipment to the hand equipment is usually offered, via an adapter. Examples forthis are fax equipment, laptops, organizers, digital cameras, GPS (Global PositioningSystem) receivers, etc.

Independent equipment solutions are also beginning to encompass even more areasof use (e.g. mobile barcode readers with SMS).


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Mobile equipment: Car phones

Portables

Handhelds

Applications/Transmission:

Speech Short messages (SMS)

Faxes

Data

Internet surfing

Organizer

Mobile banking

Mobile accessories: Fax devices

Laptops

Digital cameras

Headsets

Barcode readers

GPS receivers

....

Transmission power: 8 W / 4 W (GSM 900/1800)

2 W / 1 W

Current Applications:

Terminal Devices

Fig. 7


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Trend: Data transmission

GSM was planned for both speech and data transmission. From central importance

was and however, is speech transmission.In GSM the voice Tele Services (TS11/12) had to be implemented by every networkoperator right from the start. The data services, on the other hand, had to beimplemented by all the network operators at a later time, e.g. fax service (TS61) from1994 onwards and SMS (TS21) from 1996 onwards. The decision regarding theimplementation of further data services or the transport mechanism which were aprerequisite for this, was left to the individual network operators.

The share of data transmission to the entire traffic via the radio interface (air time) ofapprox. 2 % shows that speech transmission, even in 2001, nine years after theintroduction of GSM as the first 2G mobile communication standard, still holds a

dominant position.

The growth rate of the individual data services, particularly the SMS services, butalso general data transmission as a part of the total number of connections, is al-ready showing a shift of focus from voice services to data services.

In the future, data services will gain in importance. In the framework of an increasingmobility in the world of work (work outside the office, teleworking), the need formobile transmission of data will increase. Examples for this are connection of faxequipment, of digital cameras and notebooks. In this context, the growing importanceof the Internet should be emphasized. In addition, the transmission of smaller datapackets using SMS is gaining in importance. Examples for this, besides personal

short message paging offers (SMSCB), are telematics information, GPS location de-termination, inventory via mobile barcode readers and automatic informationtransmission from/to remote-controlled installations.


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SMS:paging,personal

short message,

remote control,

barcode reader,

telematics,

GPS,...

otherdata

transport:

internet,

e-mail,

file transfer,

video tele-

phony,

...fax

speech:

"normal connection"

emergency call

Implementationobligatory after

start phase

Trend in GSM:speechdata

Year

Significance

1992 1994

Implementationobligatory

Implementation

obligatory

1996 1998

Implementation

depending on operator

Traffic volume ofdata services

(total):1 - 2 %

2000

Fig. 8


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Current Demands to GSM

The current demands made for GSM are manifold. Amongst the requirements are:

a quick transfer of a large data volumes mobile computer connection/ Internet access user friendliness improved speech qualityworld-wide availabilityworld-wide offer of Home PLMN services the creation of specific services for special user groups / tools for flexible service

creation

Many of these requirements are taken into account by the Annual Releases of GSMPhase 2+.


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Quick transfer of large

data volumes

(E-Mail, Internet, File transfer, Multimedia)

Improved speech quality

User friendliness

Worldwide availability

Worldwide HPLMN service

Specific servicesSolutions:

Phase 2+

Demands onMobile

Communications

Fig. 9


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3 GSM Phase 2+ Services

Demands on

mobile communications?

GSM

Phase 2+

GSM

Phase 2+

solutions

GSM Phase 2+

Services

Services

Fig. 10


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GSM Phase 2+ Solutions

For many of these requirements that are made on mobile communications now and

in the near future, solutions are being developed in the GSM Phase 2+. New specificdata and voice services, more efficient and user friendly mobile stations, theintroduction of IN Services for the entire GSM, the possibility of the flexible creation offeatures for particular user groups and many other features are introduced in the

Annual Releases of GSM Phase 2+ and are constantly being further optimized.


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EFREnhanced

Full Rate

GPRSGeneral Packet

Radio Service

GSM

Phase 2+

Solutions

MSPMultiple Subscriber

Profile

ASCIAdvanced Speech

Call Items

SORSupport of

Optimal Routing

UUSUser-User

Signalling

multi-

band / modesatellite

roaminge.g. ICO

HSCSDHigh Speed Circuit

Switched Data EDGEEnhanced Data rates

for the GSM Evolution

CAMELCustomized Application

for Mobile network

Enhanced Logic

Fig. 11


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Data Transmission

One of the problems of data transmission using GSM is posed by the current

comparatively user unfriendly usage of data services in the terminals (e.g. SMS) orthe complicated connection of terminal equipment via adapter.

Terminal equipment in which different functions are integrated, as well as displaysoptimized for each individual data transmission form provide an answer to this.

A decisive problem is posed by the comparatively low data transmission rates ofGSM Phase 1 and 2. Data transmission rates of 0.3 -9.6 kbit/s compared to 64 kbit/susing ISDN are considerably too low.

To increase the data transmission rates, new bearer services are being developed inGSM Phase 2+ which will adapt the data transmission rates to the ISDN transmissionrates in various usage areas or even be considerably above them.

High Speed Circuit Switched Data HSCSD General Packet Radio Service GPRS Enhanced Data rates for the GSM Evolution EDGE


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0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

ISDN GSM GSM GSM GSM

max.

da

tarate[kbit/s]

Phase 1/2 Phase 2+

HSCSD

GPRS

ISDN: Integrated Services Digital Network HSCSD: High Speed Circuit Switched DataGPRS: General Packet Radio Service EDGE: Enhanced Data rates for the GSM Evolution

GSM / ISDN: Data Transmission Rates EDGE

Fig. 12


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High Speed Circuit Switched Data HSCSD

HSCSD is an enhancement for the classical GSM circuit switched data transmission.

1. New Coding Scheme: Introducing a new coding scheme, which allows totransmit 14.4 kbit/s in one physical channel, the data rate was increased 50%.The enhancement is possible using reduced redundancy for data transmissionover Um. This is only possible if the radio interface quality is sufficient good. If thequality of transmission decreases, i.e. the error rate increases, the data rate isautomatically reduced from 14.4 kbit/s to the classical 9.6 kbit/s.

2. Channel Combining: It is possible to combine several physical channel to oneuser to enhance the data rate. Theoretically, all 8 physical channel of one carriercan be combined to one user. Thus, HSCSD increases the maximum theoreticaldata rate to 115.2 kbit/s. In praxis, HSCSD is restricted by the maximum data

rate, which can be switched through in the GSM NSS, i.e. 64 kbit/s. Therefor, inpraxis only a maximum of four physical channel with 14.4 kbit/s are combined toone user. This enables a maximum data rate of 57.6 kbit/s.

For implementation of HSCSD no new network elements have to be integrated in aGSM-PLMN. The protocol architecture also remains unchanged. Changes areconfined to certain existing components (software modifications).

HSCSD is described in the GSM Rec. 02.34.


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HSCSDHigh Speed Circuit Switched Data

9.6

14.4 kbit/s

trans-mission

rate

14.4 kbit/s

28.8 kbit/s

57.6 kbit/s

Circuit

Switched

for continuous

data flow

only point-to-point

e.g.

moving pictures,

video telephone

no new network

elements

smaller HW

modifications

SW modifications

Disadvantage:

not resource efficient

Fig. 13


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General Packet Radio Service GPRS

GPRS introduces a total new transmission principle into the GSM PLMNs.

1. Packet Switcheddata transmission: For the first time, packet switched datatransmission is possible in GSM. A direct access to Packet Data Networks PDNs(e.g. Internet, Intranet, X.25) is created. The packet data transmission allows toturn from time dependent charging to volume dependent charging (advantage forthe user) and to optimize the usage of radio resources (advantage for thenetwork operator).

2. New Coding Schemes: Four new Coding Schemes CS are introduced for thedata transmission on Um. CS-1 offers transmission rates of 9.05 kbit/s, CS-2 of13.4 kbit/s, CS-3 of 15.6 kbit/s and CS-4 of 21.4 kbit/s per physical channel. Theredundancy is reduced from CS-1 to CS-4. This allows optimized reaction on the

current actual quality of the radio interface, i.e. CS-4 is automatically chosen, ifthe radio interface is nearly perfect, CS-1 if the quality is comparable low.

3. Channel Combining: Theoretically, it is possible to combine up to 8 physicalchannel of one carrier to one user. Different to HSCSD, there are no restrictionsfrom NSS side. A total new NSS architecture allows to transmit high data rates

well beyond 100 kbit/s. Thus, theoretically up to 171.2 kbit/s can be transmitted.

The introduction of GPRS means to be significant modifications and enhancementsof the total GSM PLMN. A new parallel Core Network for packet data transmission

with new network elements has to be introduced. The BSS has to be enhanced bynew functions. A new protocol architecture has to be implemented.

As a packet oriented service, GPRS leads to a wide range of applications with a highvolume but bursty traffic. GPRS is suitable for Internet applications (e.g. Internetsurfing), E-mail, telematics, telemetry and fleet management. GPRS also creates thepossibility for broadcast data transmission ("point to multipoint). Using GPRS, alarge number of applications are possible for mobile subscribers, which, up until now,could only be used in fixed PDNs. GPRS means to combine the mobile and IP world.

GPRS is a prerequisite for the UMTS introduction.

The definition of GPRS was done in two steps in the GSM Phase 2+ Annual Re-leases '97 and '99. The effects of GPRS are pronounced in many GSM

Recommendations. A main description is given in Rec. 02.60 and 03.60.


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GPRSGPRSGeneral Packet Radio ServiceGeneral Packet Radio Service

bundling:1 - 8 channels

Packet Switched

billing according

to data volumepossible

internet, telemetry,

fleet management,

e-mail, traffic telemetry,..

9.05 kbit/s

13.4 kbit/s

15.6 kbit/s

21.4 kbit/s

CS-1

CS-2

CS-3

CS-4

channel

coding

different redundancy depending on

air interface quality

point-to-multipoint(possible)

Modifications in

Network & Protocol

architecture protocol architecture

modifications

up to > 100 kbit/s(theoret. 171.2 kbit/s)

Advantage:

resource efficient

direct IP access

prerequisite for UMTS

Fig. 14


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Enhanced Data rates for the GSM Evolution EDGE

EDGE has to be regarded as a booster for GPRS or HSCSD.

1. New Modulation Principle: EDGE introduces a new, sophisticated modulationprinciple into GSM. It is called 8 Phase Shift Keying (8PSK). Compared with theclassical GSM modulation principle, the so-called Gaussian Minimum ShiftKeying (GMSK), a 3 times higher data rate is possible.

EDGE can used to enhance the data rates of GPRS and HSCSD. In combinationwith GPRS (so-called E-GPRS) data rates up to 69.2 kbit/s (gross rate) can beachieved. Combining up to 8 physical channel to one user, this means to be amaximum theoretically data rate of 553.6 kbit/s.

Exceeding clearly the 384 kbit/s, which have been requested for 3G wide rangeapplications, EDGE (better: E-GPRS) has been accepted as 3G transmissionprinciple.

It is used to enhance GSM (and also D-AMPS) networks toward 3G requirements.This is useful for all network operators, which lack of licenses for UMTS.Furthermore, a fast roll-out is possible to support high data rates also in rural areas,

where UMTS cannot be implemented in a first step.


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EDGE: Enhanced Data rates for the GSM Evolution

transmission

rate up to138.4 kbit/s

up to207.6kbit/s

TSbundling

up to69.2

1 2 3 4 8

data rate/TS[kbit/s]

up to553.6kbit/s

Modulation GMSK 8PSK

Carrier width 200 kHz 200 kHz

Modulation rate 270.8 kbit/s 813 kbit/s

bit rate/TS 14.4 kbit/s 69.2 kbit/s

Max. rate 115 kbit/s 553.6 kbit/s

GSM

(HSCSD)

GSM

(EDGE) EDGE:

Booster for GPRS(&HSCSD)

High-level modulation(813 instead of 270 kbit/s)

Use of "classical" GSM channel structure (FDMA/TDMA: 200 kHz; 8 TS with 4.615 ms each)

max. 8 x 69.2 kbit/s = 553.6 kbit/s

meets 3G requirements(Zone 3: rural)

Fig. 15


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Enhanced Speech Transmission

A better quality of speech transmission which uses the same (gross) transmission as

the classical Full Rate FR speech codec is offered in GSM Phase 2+ by theEnhanced Full Rate EFRspeech codec.

An expansion of the existing GSM voice services has been introduced using the termAdvanced Speech Call Items ASCIin GSM Phase 2+. This is for special usergroups, particularly for the usage of railway GSM systems (GSM-R). The ASCIservices contain group and broadcast services with a fast call setup and control ofpriorities.

The following specifications are summarized using the term ASCI:

Voice Broadcast Service VBS (Rec. 02.69)Voice Group Call Service VGCS (Rec. 02.68) enhanced Multi-Level Precedence and Pre-Emption eMLPP (Rec. 02.67)


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Speech Transmissionin Phase 2+

Voice Broadcast Service VBS

Voice Group Call Service VGCS

enhanced Multi-Level Precedence

and Pre-Emption eMLPP

For Closed User Groups (GSM-R)

Group and broadcast services

Quick call set-up

Priority control

Enhanced Full Rate EFRimproved speech codec

(13 kbit/s)

ASCIAdvanced Speech Call Items

Fig. 16


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Voice Broadcast Service VBS

Closed user groups (e.g. GSM-R) need to be able to transmit information quickly

from one subscriber to a number of other subscribers.VBS enables subscribers to multiply a message to a number of other subscribers("listeners"). For this message transmission only the initial Mobile Station (originatingMS) interacts with the PLMN, whilst the receiving MSs passively receive themessages. The initiating MS transmits to the network the identity of the group of sub-scribers to which the message has to be sent. A call notification, which is not con-firmed by the listening MSs, as well as the message, are sent out to all cells in

which the group members are located.

VBS can be initiated not only by a MS, but also by the fixed network. Mobile stations,which belong to a particular group and are located in a previously defined

geographical area and/or in a closely defined group of dedicated network stationsmay be ad-dressed.

The setup time for the VBS should be extremely short, as these messages, amongstother purposes, are intended for warnings of situations regarding safety.

Voice Group Call Service VGCS

VGCS enables voice group call for Closed User Groups with special call qualities. Agroup call channel is created which enables the fixed network and mobile stations tocreate a group call channel on which the group members may listen or also transmit.

After the person who has initiated the call has transmitted his message, he/she

leaves the channel and changes over to the "listener" mode. Now every subscribermay apply for channel allocation, i.e. the "right to broadcast" and use this until he/shechanges back into "listener mode". A VGCS group call is ended by the initiator.

The addressed groups are the same for VGCS and VBS.

enhanced Multi-Level Precedence and Pre-Emption eMLPP

A control of priorities of the ASCI services is possible using eMLPP. Five priorities'classes for subscribers are existing (0 - 4: 0 highest, 4 lowest priority) and two priori-ties' classes (A, B) for internal network processes (e.g. to configure group calls andbroadcasting).

The maximum priority that is applied to a subscriber is negotiated with the serviceprovider and stored on the SIM card.


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Voice Broadcast Service VBS 1 "speaker (MS or fixed network), many l isteners

Message for particular groups / particular cells Only speaker" interacts with network

Notification (instead of paging) & message in def. cells "Listener" passive (confirmation message possible)

Voice Group Call Service VGCS Speech group call: 1 group call channel

1 "speaker", many listeners; group as with VBS

Changing speaker (call initiator listener mode) "Transmission rights" in speech pauses

Ended by initiator / VAD

enhanced Multi-Level

Precedence & Pre-Emption

eMLPP Priority control for VBS, VGCS

Priority classes:5 (subscriber) + 2 (network-internalprocedures)

Priority allocation: service provider / SIM

Advanced Speech Call Items

ASCI

Fig. 17


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CAMEL: Customized Applications for Mobile network Enhanced Logic

The support of IN (Intelligent Network) services in GSM is introduced with CAMEL

(GSM Rec. 02.78, 03.78, 09.78).Previous IN solutions for GSM were of a proprietary nature and could therefore onlybe used by subscribers in the home PLMN (HPLMN). CAMEL allows the global useof IN services. CAMEL services can also be deployed for international roaming in allCAMEL-supporting GSM networks. Operator-specific services can be introduced withCAMEL.

These kinds of services were introduced in 3 phases (Annual Rel. '96, '98 and '99) inGSM.

Services such as call screening services, call supervision services and numbertranslation services were defined in CAMEL Phase 1.

CAMEL Phase 2 specifies additional services such as online charging, transfer ofsubscriber location information and downloading of HPLMN-specific charginginformation.

CAMEL Phase 3 implements the interworking of GSM Mobility Management andGSM features, thereby allowing so-called location-based services. The ability tocontrol calls with more than 2 parties is also supported.

CAMEL Phase 3 is a large component of the new UMTS VHE concept and isconsequently a major step on the evolutionary path from GSM to UMTS.

Network modifications are required for the introduction of CAMEL. A so-calledCAMEL Service Environment (CSE modification of the network) and a CAMEL

Application Part (CAP extension of the protocol architecture) will be introduced.


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TM2100EU02TM_000137

CAMEL

Customized Application

for Mobile network Enhanced Logic

ETSI definition

of IN services

allows

operator-specific

services

exchange of

subscriber information

HPLMNVPLMN

Implementation in steps:

Step 1: Release 96Support of some service definitionse.g. "Call Screening Services", "Call Supervision Services",

"Number Translation Services"

Step 3: Release 99 Co-operation with GSM mobility management

Multiparty callsSupport of UMTS - VHE concept

implementation of

IN functional elements

usage also with

International

Roaming

Step 2: Release 97other features: download HPLMN-charginginformation, on-line charging, internal pre-paid,

Specialized Resource Functions SRF (add.service info, tones, announcements,..), local info,...

Fig. 18


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TM2100EU02TM_000138

SIM Toolkit

The SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) Toolkit application was introduced in the GSM

Standard in the Releases 96/97 and integrated in GSM Standard (Rec. 11.11,11.14).

The SIM Toolkit is an expression of the desire to enable a service differentiation inthe networks, without having to offer different Mobile Equipment variants. Using theSIM Toolkit, there is no need to buy always new a new MS if a new service is createdor if a service is updated. The SIM Toolkit applications are completely logicallyseparated from the GSM functions of the SIM and supplement the functionality ofmobile equipment.

Using SIM Toolkits it is, for instance, possible to:

download data via SMS from the network, directly onto the SIM (Data Download),making new data, commands or applications that are different from the extant SIMToolkit applications possible

deliver complete SMS from the SIM to the ME for transmission implement "Call Control" by using the SIM, i.e. check digit sequences of the sub-

scriber before execution, modify if necessary or prevent the execution

local information about cell identity, call status, etc. shall be implemented into theSIM applications to modify the applications if the status is changed

In the near future SIM Toolkit applications will consist of e.g.:

mobile banking via GSM booking flights information servicesBecause these applications involve specific commercial and safety questions specialsafety mechanisms are used for the SIM Toolkit and/or the opposite side oftransmission (Rec. 02.48, 03.48).


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TM2100EU02TM_000139

SIM Toolkit

SIMSubscriber Identity Module

MEMobile Equipment

GSM

functions

Supplements ME functions without HW modifications

Data download (SMS)

Call control (digit sequence)

Info on cell identity, call status

application modifications for status change possible

Applications: home banking, booking flights,

info services,...

Special security mechanisms

SIM Toolkit

Fig. 19


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TM2100EU02TM_000140

Mobile station application Execution Environment MExE

MExE shall support a operator specific applications to the network and the mobile

stations, as well as a simplified access to the Internet. The possibility of installinguser-friendly interfaces by downloading software is included.

Two techniques may be employed within the framework of MExE:

WAP (Wireless Application Protocol architecture), which was developed by WAPForum Ltd. WAP is intended to allow the development of applications as industrystandard (e.g. Internet surfing) via a wireless communication network, independentfrom the access technology. The WAP was optimized for small equipment (mobilephones); it is based on the Internet client server architecture.

JAVA, will find application due to its universal usage, the independence from aplatform, as well as the built-in capability of being able to recognize networks. Thisuniversality is achieved at the cost of a decrease of PC performance and istherefore restricted to the high-end applications, such as PDAs (Personal Digital

Assistants) or laptops.


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TM2100EU02TM_000141

MExEMExEMobile station applicationMobile station application

Execution EnvironmentExecution Environment

simplified implementation

of operator-dependentapplications

SW downloaduser friendly interfaces

(internet surfing /

mobile phones)

JAVAWAP

Wireless

Application Protocol

Fig. 20


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TM2100EU02TM_000142

Support of Optimal Routing SOR (Rec. 02.79)

SOR enables the routing of incoming calls directly to the mobile subscriber, i.e. to

his/her current location even in a foreign network (VPLMN), instead of taking the longroute via the home network (HPLMN). Only signaling is exchanged between VPLMNand HPLMN.

User-to-User Signaling UUS(Rec. 02.87)

User-to-User Signaling enables a combination of SMS (Short Message Service) andtelephone services. Simple short messages e.g. telephone numbers, addresses etc.may be transmitted while a call is in progress to the other call partner.

Multiple Subscriber Profile MSP(Rec. 02.97)

MSP is intended to offer the possibility of separate identities for one subscriber. Up tofour different identities per subscriber will be possible and may be stored on one SIMcard. Thus the user may multiply his personal identity, e.g. into private and business,for incoming calls that require a different treatment (e.g. alarm, supplementaryservices, etc.).


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TM2100EU02TM_000143

work

private

Max. 4 different

subscriber identities

1 SIM

Direct connection

No detour via HPLMN

VPLMNHPLMN: only signaling MSP

Multiple

Subscriber Profile

UUSUser to User

SignalingSOR

Support of

Optimal Routing

Other Phase 2+ Features

speech

SMS

+

Fig. 21


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03 tm2100eu02tm 0001 gsm services

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