FLIGHTOPERATIONS

ENGINEERING

General PerformanceSection 3

737-300/-400/-500 Performance Engineers Course

Table of ContentsGeneral Performance

Section 3Route Map – MAD to VOG………………………. 3.03

Mission Profile…………………………………….. 3.04

Useful Weight Calculations……………………… 3.05

Range Capability from MAD…………………….. 3.07

Payload – Range Chart………………………….. 3.08

Historical Winds and Temperatures……………. 3.09

Reserve Rules Defintions……………………….. 3.13

Airport Definitions………………………………… 3.18

Route Study from Madrid to Volgograd

Volgograd

BarcelonaIstanbul

Paris

Rome

Salzburg

Oslo

Moscow

Madrid

BerlinLondon

Great Circle Distance = 2075 nm

Mission Profile"Typical" Mission Rules

Mission Reserves

• Standard day• Fuel density 6.7 lb/U.S. gal.• Passengers at 210 lb (95 kg) Passenger + baggage)

Taxi

out (

9 min

)

Take

off t

o 35

ftC

limb

to 1

,500

ft a

nd a

ccel

erat

e to

250

kn

30-m

in h

old

at 1,

500 f

t

Appr

oach

and

land

(5 m

in)

Econ

omy d

esce

nt

LRC

Econ

omy c

limb

Miss

ed ap

proa

ch

5% fl

ight

fuel

Taxi

in (5

min

from

rese

rves

)

Appr

oach

and

land

(5 m

in)

Desc

end

to 1,

500 f

t

Clim

b

Acce

lerat

e to

clim

b sp

eed

Clim

b to

10,00

0 ft a

t 250

kn

Still air rangeFlight time and fuelBlock time and fuel

200 nmi

Cruise

Useful Weight Calculations

Brake release weight - Trip fuel = Landing weight

Landing weight - 5% of trip fuel = Zero fuel weight- Flight to ALT - 30 minute hold - (Other)

Zero fuel weight - Operating empty weight = Payload

Brake release weight + taxi fuel = Taxi weight

Taxi-in fuel is normally assumed to come from reserves

DefinitionsUseful Weight Calculations (continued)

Empty Weight The Empty Weight of the aircraft is the weight of the airframe, engines, and fixed equipment. It excludes the weight of the crew and payload but includes the weight of all fixed ballast, unusable fuel, undrainable oil, and total quantity of hydraulic fluid.

Operating Empty Weight (OEW, sometimes called Basic Operating or Dry Weight)The basic operating weight established by the operator for an aircraft should include the following

standard items in addition to the empty weight of the aircraft: – Normal oil quantity– Lavatory servicing fluid, potable water, etc– Drainable unusable fuel– Crew and crew baggage– Passenger service equipment, including service carts, food, dishes, beverages, magazines,

etc.– Spare parts normally carried onboard and not accounted for as cargo.– Required emergency equipment for all flights.– All other items of equipment considered standard by the operator.

Zero Fuel Weight The zero fuel weight is the weight of an aircraft with no disposable fuel and oil (OEW + Payload).

Range Capability from MadridFull Passenger Payload

• Typical mission rules• Airways and traffic

allowances included• 85% annual winds

737-30062,820 kg MTOW126 two-class passengers737-40068,040 kg MTOW147 two-class passengers737-50060,550 kg MTOW110 two-class passengers

MadridMadrid

London

Turis

Dakar

Cairo

Antalya

Moscow

Volgograd

London

Antalya

Turis

Dakar

Cairo

Moscow

Volgograd

737 Payload – Range Chart

Typical mission rules

126 two-class passengers

MTOW = 62, 823 kg (138,500 lb)200-nm alternate

Range, 1000 nm

Payload, 1000 kg

25

20

15

10

5

00 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5

Performance-limited TOW

Historical Winds from Madrid to Volgograd

85% Reliability Winds

ROUTE: MADRID TO VOLGOGRAD----DIRECT---- ----RETURN----

ALTITUDE TEMP SPEED SAD WINDS ESAD WINDS ESAD ST.-FT MACH DEG-C - KTAS - NMI SEASON REL - KTS - NMI - KTS - NMI DEV.

-------- ----- ----- ------ -------- ---------- ---- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------35000.0 0.740 0.00 427. 2075. Winter 85. -5.2 2101. -43.3 2310. 21.735000.0 0.740 0.00 427. 2075. Spring 85. -2.2 2086. -38.7 2282. 18.735000.0 0.740 0.00 427. 2075. Summer 85. 5.0 2051. -41.5 2299. 16.835000.0 0.740 0.00 427. 2075. Autumn 85. 0.4 2073. -45.2 2321. 20.435000.0 0.740 0.00 427. 2075. Annual 85. -0.6 2078. -42.2 2303. 0.0

95% Reliability Winds

ROUTE: MADRID TO VOGLOGRAD

----DIRECT---- ----RETURN----ALTITUDE TEMP SPEED SAD WINDS ESAD WINDS ESAD ST.

-FT MACH DEG-C - KTAS - NMI SEASON REL - KTS - NMI - KTS - NMI DEV.-------- ----- ----- ------ -------- ---------- ---- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------35000.0 0.740 0.00 427. 2075. Annual 95. -12.8 2140. -54.2 2377. 0.035000.0 0.740 0.00 427. 2075. Winter 95. -18.4 2169. -56.5 2392. 21.735000.0 0.740 0.00 427. 2075. Spring 95. -13.6 2143. -50.1 2351. 18.735000.0 0.740 0.00 427. 2075. Summer 95. -5.2 2101. -51.7 2362. 16.835000.0 0.740 0.00 427. 2075. Autumn 95. -12.0 2135. -57.6 2399. 20.435000.0 0.740 0.00 427. 2075. Annual 95. -12.8 2140. -54.2 2377. 0.0

Historical Temps from Madrid to Volgograd

85% Reliability TempsROUTE: MADRID TO VOLGOGRAD

ALTITUDE SAD TEMPERATURE(ISA+) STANDARD-FT - NMI SEASON REL DEGREES C DEVIATION

---------- -------- ---------- ----- ------------ -----------35000.0 2075. Winter 85. -1.3 2.735000.0 2075. Spring 85. 0.1 2.635000.0 2075. Summer 85. 5.5 2.235000.0 2075. Autumn 85. 2.1 2.535000.0 2075. Annual 85. 3.3 0.0

95% Reliability TempsROUTE: MADRID TO VOGLOGRAD

ALTITUDE SAD TEMPERATURE(ISA+) STANDARD-FT - NMI SEASON REL DEGREES C DEVIATION

---------- -------- ---------- ----- ------------------- -----------35000.0 2075. Winter 95. 0.4 2.735000.0 2075. Spring 95. 1.7 2.635000.0 2075. Summer 95. 6.9 2.235000.0 2075. Autumn 95. 3.6 2.535000.0 2075. Annual 95. 5.3 0.0

Copyright © The Boeing Company. See title page for details.

2.2.6 D632A003-KG301

Flight Planning and Performance Manual

737-300CFM56-3_22K

FLIGHT PLANNINGSimplified Flight Planning

Simplified Flight Planning

Long Range Cruise Step Climb Trip Fuel and Time

June 08, 2001

Problem 3-1. Trip Fuel and Time Estimate

Given: Trip distance = 2100 nm (Great Circle + 1.2%)Wind = 5 kt headwindTemperature = ISA + 10 CBrake release gross weight = 62,800 kgAssumptions: LRC cruise, Optimum Step Altitudes

Find: Trip fuel = _______________ (Page 3.11)

Trip time = _______________ (Page 3.11)

Federal Aviation RegulationsFAR 121.639

Domestic Fuel Reserve Requirements

A

B

C

An operator must have enough fuel:

(A) Fly to the airport to which it is dispatched;

(B) Thereafter, to fly to and land at the most distant alternate airport (where required) for the airport to which dispatched; and

(C) Thereafter, to fly for 45 minutes at normal cruising fuel consumption

Federal Aviation RegulationsFAR 121.645

International Fuel Reserve RequirementsA

C

B

D

(C) After that, to fly to and land at the most distant alternate airport specified in the flight release, if an alternate is required; and

(D) After that, to fly for 30 minutes at holding speed at 1,500 feet above the alternate airport (or the destination airport if no alternate is required) under standard temperature conditions

An operator must have enough fuel:

(A) Fly to and land at the airport to which it is released;

(B) After that, to fly for a period of 10 percent of the total time required to fly from the airport of departure to, and land at, the airport to which it was released;

International Civil Aviation Organization I.C.A.O.4.3.6.3

B

D

C

A

International Fuel Reserve Requirements

An operator must have enough fuel:

(A) To fly to and execute an approach, and a missed approach, at the aerodrome to which the flight is planned, and thereafter:

(B) To fly to the alternate aerodrome specified in the flight plan; and then

(C) To fly for 30 minutes at holding speed at 450 M (1500 ft) above the alternate aerodrome under standard temperature conditions, and approach and landing; and

(D) To have an additional amount of fuel sufficient to provide for the increased consumption on the occurrence of any of the potential contingencies specified the operator to the satisfaction of the state of the operator. (Typically a percentage of the trip fuel – 3% to 6%).

Electronic Performance Document (EPD)

Check EPD(to see if route is possible) Assume MTOW for now.

Temperatures at Barajas Airport,Madrid, Spain (MAD)

% Reliability

DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV ANN0 -7.3 -10.1 -10.1 -5.1 -4.0 -1.2 3.8 7.7 7.1 2.1 -2.3 -7.3 -10.150 5.7 4.6 6.4 9.3 11.3 15.3 20.6 24.7 24.2 20.3 13.7 8.5 13.785 10.5 9.5 11.4 14.7 16.7 21.4 26.9 31.3 30.6 26.7 19.1 13.7 22.9

100 21.0 19.9 21.0 26.0 29.9 32.7 38.8 39.9 40.4 38.8 31.0 23.8 40.4ADM 11.0 10.4 12.1 15.4 17.1 21.6 27.7 32.1 32.1 27.7 19.9 14.3 20.1STDV -13.3 -13.2 -13.1 -12.7 -12.7 -12.1 -11.7 -11.5 -11.7 -11.7 -12.7 -12.8 -9.1

Temperatures in Degrees C

Madrid – Barajas Airport Definition

Airport [1] [2](code) Runw ay Elevation (ft) Field Length (ft) Slope (%) Clearw ay Stopw ay Height x-distance y-distance

MADRID - BARAJAS 36R 2,000 12,000 0 0 0 90 650 0(MAD) 420 30,000 0

33 2,000 13,450 0.68 328 164 -- -- --

NOTES: [1] Airport definition to be used for training purposes only[2] Referenced from lif t-off end of the runw ay

Obstacles (ft)

Volgograd Airport Definition

Airport [1] [2](code) Runw ay Elevation (ft) Field Length (m) Slope (%) Clearw ay Stopw ay Height x-distance y-distance

VOLGOGRAD 11 482 2,500 0.63 400 0 7 809 0(VOG)

29 482 2,500 -0.63 400 0 3 1,089 0

NOTES: [1] Airport definition to be used for training purposes only[2] Referenced from lif t-off end of the runw ay

Obstacles (m)

Electronic Performance Document (EPD)

• Check EPD to see if route is possible.

• This time, add assumption of Madrid takeoff weight.