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第 1 讲 Translation Skill1.1 专业英语的文体特点1. 专业术语 ( 词汇 ), 科技词汇 , 合成词 , 缩写词多FACTS custom powerfeed back feedbackshut down shutdownbreak down breakdownDC AC GIS SCR

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• 2. 广泛使用被动语句• The capacitance of a capacitor is mea

sured in farads.

• 3. 出现长句• Further interconnection of electric po

wer systems over wide areas, continuing development of reliable automated control systems and apparatus, provision of addition reserve facilities, and further effort in

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• developing personal to engineer, design, construct, maintain, and operate these facilities will continue to improve the reliability of electric power supply.

• 4. 句子结构严谨 , 逻辑性强

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1.2 专业词汇的特点1 本专业特有的形式Lightning rod Transfer switchingLighting arresterDisconnection switchSubstationdielectric

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• The boot is a small routine. Generally, the boot is stored on the first sector(or two) of a disk.

A fuse is connected in the live side of the supply to protect the transformer.

neutral/neural

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2 与其它专业、学科共用的形式 power

transmission line

shield wire

condenser

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3 普通词汇形式Economizer

Hot well 凝结水箱（存放从凝汽器出来　　　　　的凝结水，此凝结水温度较高） The current sources of nearly all the

electrical energy generated come from……..

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另外，将与该词相关联的其它词类及相类似的词一起记忆

Stable stabilityReliable reliabilityFeasible feasibilityFlexible flexibilityInductance inductor inductiveCapacitance capacitor capacitiveResistance resistor resistiveReactance reactor reactiveConductance conductor conductive

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造句：• Work

• Conduction

• Resistor

• Rectifier

• Aerial(antenna)

• Voltmeter

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1.2 专业英语翻译的要求 阅读与翻译的要求不同。英语翻译的要

求：“信、达、雅”。即要做到： 1. 明确－－就是要在技术内容上准确无

误地表达原文的内容。 例 1 ： The one-line diagram summaries

the relevant information about the system for particular problem studied.

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• 例２　 To satisfy this increasing demand the capacity of individual generator is larger and larger.

２．通顺－－符合中文表达的习惯，符合专业表达的要求。

例　 The voltage is usually transformed to a high level at the power plant.

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3. 简练－－要求译文要尽可能简短、精练。 例： Then another voltage reduction is exp

erienced in local substations.

4. 专业英语以直译为主 Electricity is very useful servant when it

is kept under control.

phase-to-phase voltage

ABC 原则

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1.3 词义的选择一词多义 , 一词多类 , 一词多用等如： Concrete, Current

(1)100 kV DC submarine cable

(2)It is round.

(3)The electrons round about the nucleus of atom.

(4)The bus rounded the corner slowly.

(5)In the presence of such supervisory equipment, no rounds is needed from time to time.

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(6)all the year round

(7) When a measurement of the analogue signal does not coincide with one of these binary values, it must be rounded up or down.

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• The higher the frequency of the analogue signal, the more often it must be sampled. However, it is usually adequate to sample a signal at twice its highest frequency. 　 Each binary digit used to show a binary value is known as a bit. The accuracy of conversion is limited by the number of binary bits used by the ADC . If the conversion is made using a four-bit ADC, only sixteen different binary values can be produced. The smallest value is 0000 and the largest is 1111. If an 8-bit ADC is used, then 256 different digital values can be produced. When a measurement of the analogue signal does not coincide with one of these binary values, it must be rounded up or down.

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(8)The energy generated by a power plant in a year is referred to as annual generation.

(9)Please develop this film.

(10)In order to develop our power industry, we must also lay stress on the development and construction of nuclear power station.

(11)This battery will develop 36V voltage.

(12)We must develop new sources of energy.

(13)Albert Einstein developed the theory of relativity.

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The traditional mechanical wristwatch uses a balance wheel and hairspring to keep time. In a digital watch these mechanical parts have been replaced by vibrating quartz crystal controlled by minute electronic circuits. 　 The artificial quartz crystals used in digital watches are designed to vibrate up to 32,768 cycles per second when the current from a battery is passed through them.

　 These vibrations produce electric pulses. As the pulses travel through the electronic circuits of the microchip, their rate is gradually halved.

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The result creates a pulse rate of one per second. 　 Each one-second pulse triggers the microchip to send signals to the digital display to advance the numerals by one second. 　 The pulses are also used to control different functions such as the hour display, date and alarm signal.

　① The best title of this article is .

　 A. Mechanical wristwatch. C. Digital Watch

B. Electronic circuits. D. Counter.

②How many times do the electronic circuits of the microchip halve when creating a pulse rate of one per second?_______.

A. 10 B. 12 C. 13 D. 15

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Writing RESUME/CV(Curriculum vitae)

• PERSONAL• Name:• Address: 289 Peace Avenue, Jinan 250001• Postal code:• Phone number ：• Age: 28• Birthplace:• Sex: Male• Height: 170cm• Weight: 66kg• Health: Good• Date of availability:• Number of ID:

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• Status: • Children:

• EDUCATION• 1992-1996 Beijing University; B. E. E. Major in Electrical A

utomatic Management• 1989-1992 Dalian No. 10 Middle School; Senior High School• 1986-1989 Dalian No. 3 Middle School; Junior High School

• WORK EXPERIENCE /SPECIAL SKILLS• July 1996-present Shandong Electric Power Transmission a

nd Transformation Engineering Company; Electrical Engineer

• May-July 1996 Worked as a trainee in Taoshan Electric Power Plant

• JOB / CAREER OBJECTIVE

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Mobile Phone A mobile phone or cell(ular) phone is an

electronic telecommunications device. Mobile phones are rapidly becoming more common around the world due to their strong functions. Mobile phones’ industry is renowned for being able to fit a wide variety of functions into a very compact product, and this ability was key to make

mobile phones widespread.

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People can now not only tell their friends where they are and what they are doing, they can show them as well by means of mobile phones. Sending e-mail & short message, often with pictures and video, is now a more popular means of communication than just talking on the phone. Users of these services at present can use their mobile phones to purchase concert and airline tickets and do their banking, picture taking and so on. Other functions that many users enjoy include

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games and downloadable ring tones, including popular music. Instead of a simple ringer that signals a call, users can select a song or some other sound of their choice to indicate when someone is calling them. Some cell phones also function in place of a wallet.

In a word, it is unimaginable for us without mobile phones in our daily life.

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• 中性点

• 中性线

• 保护线

• 接地线

• 连接线

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• 1.3 专业英语翻译的方法 ---- 分译法　　所谓分译，就是将原句中较长的句子成分、不易组织表达的句子成分或从句，分出来译成短句。目的是为了避免句子冗长、层次不清和语气不畅。(1) There is a limit to a higher transmission voltag

e which can be economically employed in a particular case.

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(2)The steam enters into the turbine where the internal energy is released and transformed into electrical energy by doing work on the turbine-generator.

(3)The leads are connected to slip rings which make contact with carbon brushes through which the field current is introduced.

(4)Coal is supplied to the pulverizers by variable-speed coal feeders controlled in response to changes in load demand.

(5)Auxiliary drives are usually powered by electric motors, with the large feed pumps and some fan drives powered by mechanical-driven turbines.

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• Air at atmosphere pressure is the most common gaseous insulation. The breakdown of air is of considerable practical importance to the design engineers of power transmission lines and power apparatus. Breakdown occurs in gases due to the process of collisional ionization. Electrons get multiplied in an exponential manner, and if the applied voltage is sufficiently large, breakdown occurs. In some gases, free electrons are removed by attachment to neutral gas molecules; the breakdown strength of such gases is substantially large. An example of such a gas with large dielectric strength is sulphur hexafluoride (SF6).

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• State variables maybe defined as the minimum set of variables such that a knowledge of the values of these variables at time t

0 , together with any inputs u to the system for t≥t0 , will allow the behavior of the system to be determined for t≥t0 .

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Simulation and Experimental Study Of Interharmonic Performance of a Cycloconverter-Fed Syn

chronous Motor Drive

• Abstract—High-power synchronous motor drives are usually fed from naturally commutated cycloconverters. The output voltage of the cycloconverter contains interharmonics subharmonics which affect the power quality and restrict the allowable frequency range. Further, a practical circulating current-free cycloconverter usually gives rise to stator current discontinuities. The present paper deals with a simulation method to study the performance of a cycloconverter-fed synchr

onous motor drive in the presence of

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• interharmonics /subharmonics taking into account the discontiuities in the output current as well as the effect of ripple in the output current on the input current of the cyclo-converter. Interharmonics in output phase voltage, output phase current, input supply current, and the field current are estimated and verified with experimental results on a laboratory prototype.

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• The significant oscillating torque components due to these inter-harmonics are idetified in a typical case. The simulation results are useful in power quality studies for such drives and in devising methods for suppression of these interharmonics/subharmonics.• Index: Terms-Cyclocoverter, interharmo

nics, power quality, simulation, subharmonics, synchronous motor.