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AEA 2011November 4, 2011

Hilton Anaheim

AEA 2011November 4, 2011

Hilton Anaheim

Osamu Nakamura*Shinichi Matsui

Yoshiyuki Sasaki* osamu.nakamura@aist.go.jp

Osamu Nakamura*Shinichi Matsui

Yoshiyuki Sasaki* osamu.nakamura@aist.go.jp

Strategic collaboration network to develop the low carbon

society by the innovative renewable

energy

Strategic collaboration network to develop the low carbon

society by the innovative renewable

energy

National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Chugoku, http://www.aist.go.jp/

AbstractAbstract

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Japanese government has adopted the new growth strategy, which consists of life innovation and green innovation in order to revive the active Japan. AIST has set these two innovations as the mission of its 3rd research term, to support economy and environment and raise the QOL of people.

In AIST Chugoku, Biomass Technology Research Center (BTRC) has been developing the manufacturing technologies for renewable energy by utilizing resources of woody biomass abundant in Chugoku district. Moreover, based on these technologies, we contribute to act as a local innovation hub to collaborate with universities, public research institutes, and SMEs in Chugoku areas to encourage the local industry and economy. Scenario and roadmaps, network for innovation hub and dissemination of research outputs are especially important to bring about innovation eventually.

In this study, the strategy formation and the useful evaluation system will be discussed in order to enhance the dialogue between actors mentioned above.

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AIST does play a key role as the open innovation hub to enhance the industrial competitiveness

Promotion of Open innovation

Life innovation

Advanced technology development

Green Innovation

AIST as the OpenInnovation Hub

Human resourcesTechnology seeds, Human resources

Human resources

Technology seedsHuman resources,Fund, Installation

Political Cooperation

Universities,Public Inst.

Government

Industrial firm

Innovations created by regionalregional companies companies are expected to play an important role in regional economic revitalization. AIST has eight research bases throughout Japan (Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Tohoku, Tokyo Waterfront, Tohoku, Tokyo Waterfront, Chubu, Kansai, Chugoku, Chubu, Kansai, Chugoku, Shikoku, andShikoku, and 　　 KyushuKyushu) to contribute to regional innovation.

Regional innovation and 8 regional bases

AIST Hokkaido

AIST Tohoku

AIST Tokyo Waterfront

AIST Chubu

AIST Kansai

AIST ChugokuAIST Kyushu AIST Shikoku

AIST Tsukuba

The regional research bases strive to offer high-level research results to regional industries.

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Research Bases Priority Fields

AIST Hokkaido Biology-related manufacturing technology

AIST Tohoku Chemical processing technology with low environmental loads

AIST Tokyo Waterfront Bio-IT integrated technology

AIST Chubu Advanced material processing technology

AIST Kansai Ubiquitous energy technology, Collaboration of engineering and medicine, Information technology for embedded systems

AIST Chugoku Biomass energy technology

AIST Shikoku Health technology

AIST Kyushu Production measurement technology, Hydrogen energy technology

Priority research fields in 8 regional bases

AIST Chugoku AIST Chugoku conducts research toward a low-carbon society, with an emphasis on the development of technologies (bioenergy technologies) to produce renewable energy using wood-based biomass resources abundant in the Chugoku region.

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Regionalregeneration

Low carbon society

Manufacturingto support growth

Market development

in Asia

Activation of Chugoku area in 4 growing fields

< Chugoku Bureau of Economy, Trade and Industry >

by 2020

Formation ofNext generation of

manufacturing station

Introduction of vital energy

in Asia

Top runner of CO2 reductions

Accelerated development of unique and independent regions

-Transferring the 　 technologies obtained to local businesses-Training biomass specialists in Japan, Asian countries and so on

･Establishbiomass　energymanufacturingtechnology･Leadtechnologydevelopmentin　J apan　andoverseas

AIST　2nd　phase　（2005～2009) 3rd　phase　（2010～2011)

Towards　practicalapplication

Establishment　of　basictechnology　and　process　design

2）Develop　manufacturing　technology　for　BTL-FT　dieselDesign　of　a　high　efficiency　BTL　diesel　manufacturingprocess　using　combined　small-scale　gasification,hot　gas　cleaning,　and　catalyzed　reaction

3）Develop　biomass　conversion　system　evaluationtechnologyEvaluation　of　high　efficiency　utilization　of　biomass,　and　itseconomic　efficiency　and　environmental　performance　

1）Develop　ethanol　and　ETBE　manufacturing　technologyPractical　application　of　saccharification　without　sulfuric　acid　using　a　combination　of　hydrothermal　andmechanochemical　pretreatment　and　enzymatic　saccharification

Towards　a　COE　forbiomass　energy　research

and　development

A　more　tightlyfocused　perspectivefor　the　Center

Biomass　Refining　Technology　TeamEthanol　and　Bioconversion　TeamBTL　Total　System　TeamBTL　Catalyst　TeamBiomass　System　Technology　Team

Networking　betweenindustry　and　academia

(requirements　and　initiatives)

Establish　basictechnology　forsaccharificationwithout　sulfuric　acid

Develop　innovativecomprehensiveBTL　systems

Establishtechnology　for　evaluatingthe　economic　efficiencyand　environmentalperformance　of　biomass

Priority　issues

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Biomass Technology Research Center (BTRC)

to reduce the environment load

2011 is the last fiscal year

1) Pretreatment-Hydrothermal process ： The milled materials are softened by hot-compressed water. -Fine pulverizing processes: The softened materials are finely fibrillated to several microns by wet disc-milling. The milled sample are concentrated to make a dewatered cake.

Pressure　cooker　(Max　temp.　180˚C,　Max　press.　1.0　MPa)

Wet　disc-milling

Disc-milled　sample(5-7%w/v)

BTRC ethanol production process

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BTRC ethanol production processBTRC ethanol production process

Ethanol

Enzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol fermentation (including xylose utilization)Wood,

Rice straw,Bagasse etc.

pretreatment

Cellulase & Hemicellulase

Recombinant yeast

Pretreated sample

-Pretreatment without separation of cellulose and hemicellulose fraction

-Treatment with cellulase and hemicellulase to hydrolyze both components

-Application of glucose- and xylose-fermenable recombinant yeast

2) One-batch concept

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10

Bench-scale BTL plant

Compressor & Gas holder

FT synthesis reactor

WoodScrubber

Desulfurization tower &CO2 removal tower

Liquid fuel

Gasifier

Biomass System Analysis and Simulation

Ex.: Process model for ETBE & BTL木材 水 水 水

50 90 320

炭酸ガス

K３Ｇ蒸気 ETOH500

240C6酵素糖化 空気 水

250 冷却水600

850 630℃９５ 温水 五炭糖

水 710 六炭糖840 水

270 640120 130 400 炭酸ガス

430150

灰分 灰分 415 冷却水205 530

190810 670

K３Ｇ蒸気 690水800 660 460 445 冷却水

680180 乳酸

830 465℃９５ 温水 空気 炭素材 メタン 水 乳酸

水 水 六炭糖820 冷却水 水 六炭糖

水

炭酸ガス ギ酸メチル 　 　炭酸ガス ﾌ ﾛ゚ﾊ ﾝ゚ｼ ｵ゙ ｰ ﾙ水、窒素 メタノール 六炭糖、水 六炭糖

水

2.9

29.3

29.3

29.3

29.3発電

42.2

16.95.1

第２燃焼

水熱処理

五炭糖ETOH発酵

水蒸気改質

11.8

ｸﾛﾏﾄ分離１

六炭糖酵素糖化

貯蔵３

蒸発

16.4

9.6

五炭糖酵素糖化

75.7

107.2107.2 75.7

第２粉砕

16.1 107.2

68.5

107.2

68.5熱交換２

空気圧縮２

191.8

熱交換４

空気圧縮１

68.5

0.041.6

13.2

炭化

1.64

熱交換３

第１燃焼 貯蔵１ 濾過

15.1

1.5

40.6

31.5

熱交換１

固液分離＆爆砕

第１粉砕

75.7

ｸﾛﾏﾄ分離２

19.2

2.0

40.6 53.8

貯蔵２

1.1

2.8 8.5

MEOH合成

40.6

40.611.4

1.3

12.6

MFOR合成

貯蔵５

貯蔵７ﾌ ﾛ゚ﾊ ﾝ゚ｼ ｵ゙ ｰ ﾙ濃縮

ﾌ ﾛ゚ﾊ ﾝ゚ｼ ｵ゙ ｰ ﾙ発酵

39.5

6.7

乳酸発酵水

12.6

六炭糖ETOH発酵水

貯蔵４

ETOH蒸留

1.0

1.3

1.7

15.9

ﾌ ﾛ゚ﾊ ﾝ゚ｼ ｵ゙ ｰ ﾙ貯蔵６

乳酸蒸留

炭酸ガス水、窒素灰分

INPUT OUTPUTSimulation

Process DB

•Separation•Fermentation•Chemical•Thermal• …..

Thermo DB

•Calorie•Moisture•Enthalpy•Entropy • …..

Wood DB

•Structures•Molecules•Elements• …..

Cost DB

•Devices•Processes•Products• …..

Analysis

•Mass & energy analysis•Cost analysis

CO2

Objectives;1. To develop biomass system simulation technology, ground database (DB)

should be constructed. 2. To design economic feasible total system for biomass, the simulator can be

used for optimization, economic & environmental analysis.

Carbon balance

Energy balance

Efficiency

Impact(LCA)Economics

Cost recovery

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One tone of wood tips; 200L of bioethanol or 180L of biodiesel

Evaluation of AISTEvaluation of AIST

METI

IAA Evaluation committee

Research units activities* Research-supportive units

activities

PresidentMid-term plans

Mid-term objectives

Evaluation Dept.

Evaluation committee (External and internal reviewers)

Annual report

Evaluation of activities

AIST

-Design of evaluation system-Management of committee-Report prepn.

12* Refer to Dr. Yoshimura’s presentation.

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1) Research & development base2) Cooperation base with government, industry, and academia

in order to induce regional innovations

Headquarters

Tsukuba

Regional bases

Each region ＜Alliance＞Local government

IndustriesSMCs

Public Research Inst.Universities

Each regional base is set as:

Evaluation with getting a whole picture

Research unitsin regional bases

Evaluation to clarify the mission of regional bases

Planning DivisionIntellectual Property DivisionCollaboration Promotion DivisionInternational Affairs Division etc.

Meeting once a month

Meeting once a month

as needed

Our correspondence to the comments of reviewers

Our correspondence to the comments of reviewers

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Comment 1: The concept of biomass business model can be appreciated for integrated Forestry-Industry with economical valuation.

Comment 2: As a global strategy, the new strategy of R&D on biomass must be developed to enhance the competitiveness.

high-value-added products -bio-materials-bio-chemicalsas well as bio-energy

in order to enhance the economic potential.

A new strategy

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by 2020 by 2050

Research Output Dissemination Outcome

Integrated hydrothermal -mechanochemical pretreatment of Lignocellulosic biomass

Evaluation of biomass conversion system for efficient and economicallyviable process development

Production of liquid fuelsfrom synthesis gas

Biomass gasification andgas cleaning technology

Production of cellulosenano-fiber

Production of diesel oil,gasoline, DME, mixed

alcohols, etc.

Low cost production ofbioethanol from Ligno-cellulosic biomass

Gasification with lowtarry materials production

Commercial productionof BTL diesel oil

Reduction of GHG by 60~80 % and considerablereplacement of petroleumbased products

Practical use of bioplastics,plastic composite, etc.

Introduction of bioethanolup to 500,000 kL /Y

Practical use of chemicalsproduction process from Lignocellulosic biomass

Dissemination of powergeneration by onsite smallscale gasification

On-site production of Cellulasefor the Saccharificationof Ligno-cellulosic biomass

New research unit;Development of Bio-refinery Technologies

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Network of Actors to induce innovation

Refer: Regional Innovation Strategy　（ by Junichi Uchida）　

The regional bases The regional bases also support the R&D activities of regional companies by offering research-related human development services for regional industries including joint research activities, technical training, etc.

Public Private

SMEs

Companies

Loca

lGloba

l

AIST base

Universities

Government

AIST Tsukuba

Universities

GovernmentPublic Res. Institutions

as primary care doctor

as general hospital

as general hospital

Chugoku area; 5 prefectures, Hiroshima, Okayama, Yamaguchi, Tottori, and

Shimane

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Link of the Strategy Formulation, Evaluation and Innovation

Evaluation for Encouragement and Evolution to Innovation

-Toward the new progress phase of RT&D-

Strategy Formulation

R T & D Generation ofInnovation

EvaluationEx-ante Evaluation

Scenario and roadmaps

ProcessEvaluation

Output

Output Evaluation

Economic　and　Social　Outcomes

Society・Industry

Execution of Programs/ Projects

Feedback

Evaluation Evaluation

Evaluation

Outcome Evaluation

Evaluation

Follow-up Evaluation

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http://www.aist.go.jp/　　　　 http://unit.aist.go.jp/chugoku/　

Thank you for your attention!

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Appendix

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Administration of Science and Technology in Japan to induce innovation

Grant & contract Research

AIST

Creation of technology seeds

Establishment of new technology for next generation

Industries

Subsidy for pre-competitive

technology

Reform of national innovation system(industry - university cooperation, national project reform, IPRs, etc,)

Tax Reduction

Tax credit on increased

R&D expenses

Universities

NEDONew Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization

Grant to researchers

Contract research for social needs

(National Projects)

METI (17% of total S&T budget)

Cooperation

MEXT(64%)

Economy

TechnologyTransfer

National Projects(space, nuclear)

Grant for operatingexpense

TLO

Grant & contract Research

AIST

Creation of technology seeds

Establishment of new technology for next generation

Industries

Subsidy for pre-competitive

technology

Reform of national innovation system(industry - university cooperation, national project reform, IPRs, etc,)

Tax Reduction

Tax credit on increased

R&D expenses

Universities

Grant to researchers

Contract research for social needs

(National Projects)

METI (17% of total S&T budget)

Cooperation

MEXT(64%)

TechnologyTransfer

National Projects(space, nuclear)

Grant for operatingexpense

TLO

TechnologyTransfer Innovation

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Set these items

Wood type Generation scale: 1,938 kW

1 Generation efficiency: 13%

Moisture content, as %of total volume

Construction cost: 1.47hundredmillion yen

3Annual revenue and expenditure

Daily quantity available Electricity revenue 2.1hundredmillion yen

100 Depreciation -1.0hundredmillion yen

Units -0.8hundredmillion yen

1Generation cost 11.9 yen/kWh

Electricity sale price (excluding raw material cost)

2

CO2 reduction: 8.5 thousandtons/year

Other

Statutory service life:15 yearsOperating days/year: 330

Note: These calculations are based on survey results in reports and other published documents. Actual conditionsprojects will differ from these and need to be examined individually.

Simple economics simulation (Generation: Combustion, steam turbine type)

Maintenance andpersonnel costs

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

-5,000 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000

Yea

rs f

or s

imp

le in

vest

men

t re

cove

ry

Raw material cost [yen/ton]

Years for simple investment recovery = Construction cost / (Electricity revenue −Maintenance and personnel costs −

Raw material cost)

Statutory service life 15 years

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

-5,000 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000

Gen

erat

ion

cost

[y

en/k

Wh]

Raw material cost [yen/ton]

Average sale price

Average power price

Average lighting price

-10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

-5,000 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000

Sim

ple

IR

R (

inte

rnal

rat

e of

ret

urn)

Raw material cost [yen/ton]

5 years 10 years 15 years 20 years

Calculation assumptions: Plant constructed in initial year, investment recovered in constant amounts from 2nd year on.

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Simple economic simulator for biomass utilization:Only biomass type and amounts are input the sheet. Then payback period, internal rate of return (IRR), etc. could be calculated.

Biomass accounting form: It is a accounting for biomass utilization project. It has background data as GHG unit, etc., and not only economy but the effects of biomass utilization, GHG mitigation, etc. could be calculated.