1 database for energy efficiency resource user demonstration jennifer barnes pacific energy center...

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Database for Energy Efficiency Resource User Demonstration

Jennifer Barnes

Pacific Energy Center

October 11, 2005

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What is DEER?

A collection of data for Residential and Non-Residential energy efficiency measures.

http://eega.cpuc.ca.gov/deer/ It provides a common set of:

Ex ante Savings values: kW, kWh, kBtu

Measure Costs Effective Measure Life (a.k.a EUL)

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Website Navigation

Measures categorized by Residential and non-residential Weather sensitive and non-weather sensitive

Non-weather sensitive measure impacts determined through engineering calculations

Savings do not vary by climate zone or vintage, only building type

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Weather sensitive measures

Weather sensitive measure impacts simulated using DOE2/eQUEST Single family, multifamily, mobile homes, and 22 non-

residential building types Five building vintages 16 climate zones

Two levels of savings Customer savings - for system savings and early

replacement savings. “Above Code” Savings - for all measures affected by an

energy code or standard (reportable savings for replace on burnout)

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Common Units

Describes the normalizing unit Per ton, lamp, household, linear feet, cloths dryer,

etc. The energy and cost common units are distinct Over 90% of cases, they are the same When different, distinctly identified

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Measure Costs

Application – indicates if the cost is for:• Retrofit (RET) - replacing a working system with a new

technology or adding a technology• Replace-on-burnout (ROB) - replacing a technology at the

end of its useful life • New construction or major renovation (NEW) - installing a

technology in a new construction or major renovation Cost Basis – indicates if the cost is:

• Incremental (INCR) - the differential cost between a base technology and an energy efficient technology

• Installed (FULL) - the full or installed cost of the measure including equipment, labor, overhead & profit (OH&P)

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Notable Changes

Eliminated coin-operated high efficiency clothes washers and hot water heater tank wrap

T-12 removed from DEER as a base case because of new federal guidelines. However, it may be legitimate in lamp/ballast (only) change outs.

Programmable thermostats savings diminished: Change in residential assumptions Programmable thermostats or time clocks required by code since

1992

• A/C savings reduced due to stricter code requirements

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CFL Changes

Integral versus modular Modular – hardwired ballast with replaceable lamp. 16

year life (res.) Integral – lamp and ballast are “fused.” 9.4 year life (res.)

In service factor – applied to CFLs to account for units not in operation Non-res. CLF – “SPC” – assumes that all units are installed

and operational Non-res. CFL – in service factor of .92 Residential CFL – in service factor of .9

No in service factor for table lamps and torchieres

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Website Navigation – Opening Screen

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Website Navigation – Browse Measures

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Website Navigation – Select Subcategory

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Website Navigation – Review Summary Page - Top

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Run ID

String variable of fixed length of 13 with the format: ABBB1122CCCCC where:

A = Sector Code. ‘R’ = Residential and ‘C’ = Commercial BBB = Building type abbreviation (see codes under

Building Type) 11 = Climate zone (see codes under Climate Zone) 22 = Vintage (see codes under Vintage) CCCCC = Measure abbreviation

Measure ID - String variable of fixed length of 7 (example: D03-001)

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Website Navigation – Review Summary Page - Bottom

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Website Navigation – Detailed Measure Information

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Website Navigation – Detailed Measure information - Top

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Website Navigation – Detailed Measure information - Bottom

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Supporting Documents Section

Website Users Guide Net-to-Gross Ratios Table (Use .8 if in doubt) Access Tables Glossary Cost Data Cost Data User’s Guide New EUL Estimates 7-14-05 (SERA Report) Consolidated Measure Data

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Supporting Documents Section – Consolidated Measure Data

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Questions/Comments?

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DEER Measure Cost Detail

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Defining Cost ParametersMeasure Cost Specifications (Cont.)

Cost data is first cost only -- life cycle or O&M costs/cost savings not included

Pricing reflects commonly available “standard” products and excludes specialty, high-end items

Some price observations (outliers) were excluded to assume a rational purchasing policy would be used (“who would pay THAT?”)

Equipment and labor prices are specific to California to extent possible but average across state

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Defining Cost Parameters Key Cost Definitions

Cost Observation – a single price point for an individual measure or measure configuration• Cost values are what a program participant would pay to

implement the measure consistent with definitions in the CA Standard Practice Manual (initial capital cost)

Cost units ($ / ton, $ / HP, $ / square foot, etc.)• Mostly the same although different for some measures• Distinct field in detailed cost data; appended to Cost Basis

designator in measure detail

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Data Collection and Analysis ProcessLabor Cost Estimates

1.101.10Fresno

1.101.10Statewide average

1.081.11Sacramento

1.041.04San Diego

1.071.06Los Angeles

1.221.21San Francisco

Non-residentialResidentialCity

1.101.10Fresno

1.101.10Statewide average

1.081.11Sacramento

1.041.04San Diego

1.071.06Los Angeles

1.221.21San Francisco

Non-residentialResidentialCity

Labor cost estimates generally base on manhours required to complete task times appropriate wage rate Wage rate based on trade (electrician, plumber, etc.) and geographic location of activity RS Means used to provide wage rate and location adjustment multipliers

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1. Website and on-site cost surveys of retailers2. Cost quotes from manufacturers, manufacturers

sales representatives, and distributors3. Cost surveys of contractors and design

professionals.4. Cost data from in California DSM program files,

particularly local programs5. Secondary sources and reports

Data Collection and Analysis Process Cost Data Sources

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Data Collection and Analysis Process Cost Analysis Workbooks

Contact Log Data sources and contact information

Raw Data Raw cost data supplied by data sources

Data for Analysis Raw cost data organized for analysis purposes

Cost Analysis Measure cost analysis and modeling

Cost Results Final incremental and installed cost data for each measure and measure variation

Statistical Summary Summary of statistical variables for each measure including range, confidence and standard deviation.

Excel based cost analysis workbook developed for each measure.

Each workbook has 5 sections:

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Data Collection and Analysis Process Cost Analysis Workbooks – Raw Data

Example of the ‘Raw Data’ section of the High Efficiency Electric Clothes Dryer workbook

Log IDMeasure ID Measure Description Mfr Model No. Size

Size Units Eff Eff Units Volts

Base or Measure Cost Type

Cost Basis (Eq., Incr. Eq., Inst. or Incr. Inst.)

Equipment Cost (per unit)

RF_34 D03-941 High Efficiency Electric Clothes Dryer with Moisture Sensor. Maytag MDE6400A 6.0 Cu Ft 924 kWh/year 240 Base MSRP equipment $565.00

RF_34 D03-941 High Efficiency Electric Clothes Dryer with Moisture Sensor. Maytag MDE2400A 6.0 Cu Ft 924 kWh/year 240 Base MSRP equipment $565.00

RF_34 D03-941 High Efficiency Electric Clothes Dryer with Moisture Sensor. Maytag SDE3606A 7.1 Cu Ft 924 kWh/year 240 Base MSRP equipment $442.00

RF_29 D03-941 High Efficiency Electric Clothes Dryer with Moisture Sensor. Whirlpool GEW9868K 7.4 Cu Ft 950 kWh/year 120 Measure MSRP equipment $699.00

RF_29 D03-941 High Efficiency Electric Clothes Dryer with Moisture Sensor. Whirlpool GEW9868P 7.4 Cu Ft 950 kWh/year 240 Measure MSRP equipment $649.00

RF_29 D03-941 High Efficiency Electric Clothes Dryer with Moisture Sensor. Whirlpool GEQ9800P 7.4 Cu Ft 950 kWh/year 240 Measure MSRP equipment $499.00

Tech Specs

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Data Collection and Analysis Process Cost Analysis Workbooks – Cost Results

Example of the ‘Results’ section of the High Efficiency Electric Clothes Dryer workbook

Measure IDMeasure Name

Measure Description

Base Description

Delivery Channel Application

Energy Star?

Purchase Volume Cost Basis

Base Equipment Cost

Measure Equipment Cost

Incremental Equipment Cost

Cost Unit

D03-941

Efficient Clothes Dryer

High Efficiency Electric Clothes Dryer with Moisture Sensor.

Electric Clothes Dryer EF=3.01. Single Family, 416 dry cycles Retail ROB/NEW No low INCR/INCR $319 $557 $238 Dryer

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Data Collection and Analysis Process Cost Analysis Workbooks – Statistical Summary

Example of the ‘Statistical Summary’ section of the High Efficiency Electric Clothes Dryer workbook

Measure IDAnalysis Method # Obs Mean Median Min Max # Obs Mean Median Min Max

D03-941 Average 40 $557 $525 $261 $869 38 $319 $296 $224 $509

BaseMeasure

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How to find the most applicable cost information?• Measure detail pages for each run ID - the per unit

equipment measure cost of $13.65 for all 90% residential furnaces• This provides an average cost based on a 100,000 Btu furnace

• The ‘Cost Data’ file under ‘Supporting Documents’ provides prices on a range of furnace sizes • This provides a range of costs for 90% AFUE furnaces from

60,000 Btu to 140,000 Btu. Per unit costs ($/KBtu) ranges from $21.53 to $12.13, respectively

• The cost workbook section – Can use either statistical summary or individual price observations• For example, the per unit equipment measure cost for 90%

AFUE 100,000 furnaces ranges from to $12.31 to $16.52 based on 9 observations

Cost Data Defining Cost Parameters

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DEER Non-weather Sensitive

Measure Detail

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Non-Weather Sensitive Measures Residential Measures

CFL Lighting

Refrigerators

Clothes Washers & Dryers

Dishwashers

Water Heating

Swimming Pool Pumps

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CFL Lighting

Measure Impact = (delta watts/unit * hours/day * days/year * In Service Rate) / 1000 watts/kWh

Demand Impact = delta watts/unit * In Service Rate * Peak Hour Load Share

The “In Service Factor” is an estimate of the percentage of lamps that are actually used. It is a rough estimate based on utility experience.

.9 to be used for all residential CFL programs

.92 to be used for non-residential rebate or giveaway programs

1.0 to be used for verified installation programs. Labeled “SPC” in measure name

Hours of Operation/Day” and “Peak Hour Load Share” from KEMA CFL Metering Study

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CFL Lighting – Example (14W CFL replace 60W Inc)

Measure Impact = (46W * 2.34 hours/day * 365 days/year * 0.9) / 1000 watts/kWh= 35.4 kWh

Demand Impact = 46W * 0.9 * 0.081 = 3.35 W

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Refrigerators

Used the Energy Star calculator available on-line at:http://www.energystar.gov

Key Input values for the calculator:Refrigerator Type (top, side, or bottom mount freezer)Ice through the door (yes or no)Refrigerator fresh volume (cubic feet)Refrigerator freezer volume (cubic feet)

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Clothes Washers

Utilized the three recommended Consortium for Energy Efficiency (CEE) Tiers forModified Energy Factor:

Used the Energy Star calculator (that utilizes an EF rather than MEF) on-line at:http://www.energystar.govEstimated the equivalent EF value for CEE MEF values from Energy Star list of approved washers

Other key Energy Star variables include:Number of wash cycles/year (E Star value is 392 cycles)Washer capacity (three sizes – 1.5, 2.65, and 3.5 cubic feet)

Further disaggregated impacts by water heat and clothes dryer fuel typesFuel impact disagreegations based on ‘Efficiency Vermont” estimates

Demand impact based on a energy/peak factor of 0.417. This is carryoverfrom previous 2001 DEER

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Clothes Washer – Example (Tier 3 2.65 cu.ft)

Measure Impact = (cycles/year * capacity / base EF) – (cycles/year * capacity / measure EF) = (392 * 2.65 / 1.58) – (392 * 2.65 / 4.94) = 447 kWh

Demand Impact = Measure Impact * energy/peak factor = 447 kWh * 0.417 = 186.4 W

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Clothes Dryer

1993 National Appliance Energy Conservation Act (NAECA) minimum efficiency used for base technology:

EF = 3.01 for electric dryersEF = 2.67 for gas dryers

Used DOE test procedure guidelines for:Drying cycles per year = 416UEC of 2.33 kWh/cycle for electric (969 kWh/year)UEC of 8.95 kBtu/cycle for gas (37.2 therms/year)

Assumed 416 cycles represented Single Family Assumed 250 cycles for Multi-Family (CEC estimate of 60% less use by MF)

Energy savings 5% of energy use. This is a carryover from previous 2001 DEER


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Clothes Dryer – Example (SF electric)

Measure Impact = Electric base use * Savings Percentage = 969 kWh * 0.05 = 48 kWh

Demand Impact = Measure Impact * energy/peak factor = 48 kWh * 0.371 = 17.8 W

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Dishwasher

Used the Energy Star calculator available on-line at:http://www.energystar.gov

Key Input values for the calculator:Base Energy Factor (EF) = 0.46Measure Energy Factor = 0.58Annual wash cycle (DOE test procedure) = 215 (assume SF)MF wash cycles (assumed to be ~75% of SF) = 160

Demand impact based on a energy/peak factor of 0.371. This is carryover from previous 2001 DEER

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Water Heating

Measures:High efficiency water heater (electric EF=0.93, gas EF=0.63)Heat pump water heater (EF=2.9)Point of use water heaterlow flow showerhead (from 2.5 to 2.0 gallons per minute)Pipe wrapFaucet aerators

Note: Removed water heater blankets because they’re obsolete on models made after 1990.

Savings expressed as % of base use Base use varied by utility service area (same method as 2001)


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Water Heating Measure Saving %:

High efficiency water heater – electric - 5.4%High efficiency water heater – gas - 5.0% Heat pump water heater – 69.7%Point of use water heater – 15.0%low flow showerhead – 4.0%Pipe wrap – 4.0%Faucet aerators – 3.0%

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Pool Pumps

Single speed and two speed included

Relied on PG&E and SCE engineers for calculating impacts:

General assumptions:Average pool size of 25,000 gallonsAverage water turnover rate of 6-8 hours Average pump motor demand of 1.75 kVATypical filtration time of 4 to 6 hours

For single speed motors, motor downsizing and runtime reductions assumed

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Non-Weather Sensitive Measures Non-Residential Measures

Interior Lighting

Exterior Lighting

Cooking

Copy Machine

Water Heating

Vending Machine Controls

High Efficiency Motors

Agriculture

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Interior Lighting Measures:CFL screw-in lampsCFL hardwire fixturesHigh intensity discharge (HID) lampsPremium T8 lampsDimming BallastsDe-lamping fluorescent 4 ft and 8 ft fixtures

Note: T-12 removed from DEER as a base case because of new federal guidelines. However, it may be legitimate in lamp/ballast (only) change outs.

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Interior Lighting – Basic Methodology

Measure Impact = (delta watts/unit * hours/day * days/year * In Service Rate) / 1000 watts/kWh

Demand Impact = delta watts/unit * In Service Rate * Peak Hour Load Share

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Exterior Lighting & Exit Signs High intensity discharge (HID) lampsExit SignsTimeclocksPhotocells

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Exterior Lighting & Exit Signs Methodology

HID lamps: delta watts saved * hours of use (4,100 hours) no peak impacts

Exit Signs: delta watts saved * 8760 hours * Interactive Effects peak = delta watts * Interactive effects * 1.0 (coincidence factor)

Timeclocks & Photocells: watts controlled * hours of control no peak impacts

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Cooking High efficiency fryers (gas & electric)High efficiency griddle (gas)Hot food holding cabinetConnectionless steamer

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Cooking - Methodology Relied primarily on the PG&E technology briefs

For each of these measures, the energy savings calculationmethodology is of the form:

Savings = (APECRBase – APECREfficient) * Daily Hours * Days

Where:

APECR = The Average Production Energy Consumption Rate/hourDaily Hours = 12Days = 365

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Copy Machines – three sizes 0-20 copies/minute21-44 copies/minute over 45 copies/minute

Methodology assumptions from Energy Star calculator

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Vending Machine Controls Characterized in two measures by being installed in:

Cold drink vending machinesUncooled snack vending machines

Measure savings and characterization from the Pacific Northwest Regional Technical Forum database

Methodology assumes operated during off-peak hours, thereforeno demand savings

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Water Heating Savings expressed as % of base use

Base use varies by building type. Come from the 1994 DEER study

Measures:High efficiency gas water heater (7.1% savings)Point of use water heater (10% savings)Water circulation pump time clock (6% savings)

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High Efficiency Motors Meet premium efficiency standards established by the Consortium for Energy Efficiency (CEE)

Base efficiency meets Energy Policy Act (EPACT) minimum

Motor sizes range from 1 HP to 200 HP

Motor hours of operation vary by industry sector

Motor loading from US DOE Motor Master software

Peak demand based on a coincidence factor of 0.75

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High Efficiency Motors - Calculation Energy savings (kWh) = (Motor HP / EPACT motor efficiency)

* kW/HP * hours of operation * motor loading – (motor HP / premium motor efficiency) * kW/HP * hours of operation * motor loading

Peak (kW) = (motor HP * kW/HP * coincidence factor / EPACT motor efficiency) - (motor HP * kW/HP *

coincidence factor / premium motor efficiency)

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Agricultural Measures Low pressure irrigation sprinkler nozzle

Sprinkler irrigation to micro irrigation conversion

Infrared film for greenhouses

Greenhouse heat curtain

Variable frequency drive for dairy pumps

Ventilation fans or box fans

High volume, low speed fans

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Agricultural Measures Methodology taken from Express Agricultural Work Papers

Irrigation savings varied by crop type

Citrus trees

Deciduous trees

Field/vegetable

Grapes

And water source

Well

Non-well

1 database for energy efficiency resource user demonstration jennifer barnes pacific energy center...

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