1 - Email: atefehabbasi@isu.ac.ir

The Code of Criminal Procedure

Abstract Proving a criminal case requires compliance with the relevant criteria as well as

respect for the defense rights of the accused.However, in some systems, criteria such as reasonable doubt, probable cause, probabilistic balance, etc., have been used to prove the criminal case in different stages of the proceedings but, in the Iranian legal system, without referring to a particular criterion, it is merely necessary to ensure the legality of the proceedings, the impartiality and independence of the judge, the avoidance of proceedings, immediate proceedings, the principle of innocence, the study of a free and legitimate reason ... and the particular criterion of the name Not taken.Nevertheless, the defendant's defense rights in the fair trial process in various materials of the Criminal Procedure Law of 2013 stipulate that the guarantor is adequate to secure the rights of the accused and to realize the principle of equality of arms between the prosecutor and the defendant.

Keywords

Criminal Procedure, criteria, prosecutor, defendant, reason

106

1 Beyond all Reasonable Doubt

.

.

5. "Distributions of Interest for Quantifying Reasonable Doubt and Their Applications" (2007) (at:): http://www.valpo.edu/mcs/pdf/ReasonableDoubtFinal.pdf. Retrieved 6. Calderon v. Thompson (1998), The petitioner, Thomas M. Thompson, a convicted rapist/murderer, was executed on July 14, 1998. 7. Colin Warbrick1, The European Response to Terrorism in an Age of Human Rights, EJIL, vol. No. 8. Ivo Giesen (2010), The reversal of the burden of proof in the Principles of European Tort Law A comparison with Dutch tort law and civil procedure rules, available at http://www.utrechtlawreview.org/ Volume 6, Issue 1 (January). 9. Miller v. Minister of Pensions (1947) All ER 372 & Counter-Terrorism Policy and Human Rights: Draft Prevention of Terrorism Act 2005 Continuance in force of Sections 1 to 9 Order 2006. 10. Oonagh Sands British Prevention of Terrorism Act 2005 ASIL. 11. Privy Counsellor Review Committee, Anti-Terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001 Review, 18th December www.Statewatch.Org/news/2003/doc/atcs Report.Pdf 12. Rita Simon, James, and Mahan, Linda (1971). "Quantifying Burdens of Proof :A View from the Bench, the Jury, and the Classroom." Law and Society Review 5.

13. Robert Hardaway (2008), Beyond a conceivable doubt: the quest for a fair and constitutional standard of proof in death penalty cases, HeinOnline -- 34 New Eng. J. on Crim. & Civ. Confinement 221. 14. Smith & Hogan (1998), Criminal Law. 6 th ed, London, Butterworths, 15. May, Richard (1990), criminal Evidence , 2th ed, , London, Sweet & Maxwell, p 56-62 16. Andrews. John A & Michael Hirst (1978), criminal Evidence , London, Waterlow, pp 73-82. 17. Murphy, Peter (2002), criminal practice, 12th ed, Oxford University press.