1 getting civilized 10,000 – 600 bce. unit one. 2 join us for the world tour!
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3 STOP! I know what you’re thinking!TRANSCRIPT
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Getting Civilized10,000 – 600 BCE.
UNIT ONEUNIT ONE
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Farming and Farming and civilizations?civilizations?
Where did they Where did they come from?come from?
I thought I thought we were stillwe were stillhunting andhunting andgathering!gathering!
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Today10k years ago200k yrs ago
Paleolithic Age
……and changes and changes have always been-have always been-
Let’s look for Let’s look for a minute at a minute at the changes the changes
that have that have already already
taken place.taken place.
And still are-And still are-part of part of human human history.history.
Units 1-7
Farming and Farming and civilizations are civilizations are
the result of the result of CHANGECHANGE……
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Today10k years ago200k yrs ago
Paleolithic Age
The Paleolithic The Paleolithic Age covers the Age covers the
period from period from 2,000,000 to 2,000,000 to
10,000 years ago.10,000 years ago.
Many changes Many changes occurred during occurred during
this period.this period.
Shall we do Shall we do aa
quick quick review?review?
Units 2-7
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200k yrs ago
Human Origins
Today10k years ago
Paleolithic Age
Homo erectus doing lunch
Recall that life Recall that life during the early during the early
part of the part of the Paleolithic Age Paleolithic Age
looked looked something like something like
this.this.
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10k years ago200k yrs ago
Human Origins
Today
Paleolithic Age
Units 1-7
Homo sapiens at home
10,000 years ago at 10,000 years ago at the close of the the close of the
Paleolithic Age, life Paleolithic Age, life looked more like this:looked more like this:
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1,000 years ago Today
Units 2-7
10,000 years ago
Unit 1
Remember:Remember:
Changes that occurred by the end of the Paleolithic AgeChanges that occurred by the end of the Paleolithic Age(Beginning of Unit 1)(Beginning of Unit 1)
1.1. Homo sapiensHomo sapiens appear. appear.2.2. Language develops.Language develops.3.3. Habitats expand.Habitats expand.4.4. Technology increases.Technology increases.5.5. Wall painting and Wall painting and
sculpture are created.sculpture are created.End of the Paleolithic Age(Beginning of
Unit 1)
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Keeping those changesKeeping those changes in mind, let’s lookin mind, let’s look
at life all the way at the at life all the way at the end of Unit 1, that is, end of Unit 1, that is,
about 600 BCE.about 600 BCE.
1,000 years ago10,000 years ago Today
Unit 1
Units 2-7Paleolithic Age
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1,000 years ago10,000 years ago Today
Unit 1
Units 2-7Paleolithic Age
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Quite a few,Quite a few,Huh?Huh?
Notice any Notice any Differences?Differences?
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Jot down some Jot down some notes on any notes on any changes you changes you observe that observe that have taken have taken
place between place between 10,000 and 600 10,000 and 600
BCE.BCE.
HERE?HERE toto
So, how did we So, how did we get from…get from…
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which reflects the which reflects the DOMESTICATIONDOMESTICATION of… of…
and plantsand plantsanimalsanimals
1,000 years ago Today
Units 2-7
10,000 years ago
Unit 1
Paleolithic Age
One of the major changes is One of the major changes is reflected in this frieze on a reflected in this frieze on a wall in Mesopotamia (today wall in Mesopotamia (today Iraq) :Iraq) :
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Have you ‘herd’ Have you ‘herd’ about pastoralism?about pastoralism?
Domestication of plants and animals was a monumental change.
It resulted in the new way of It resulted in the new way of living we know as living we know as
FARMINGFARMING(AGRICULTURE)…(AGRICULTURE)…
1,000 years ago Today
Units 2-7
10,000 years ago
Unit 1
Paleolithic Age
……which included both which included both PASTORALISMPASTORALISM
(herding sheep, goats, cattle, (herding sheep, goats, cattle, horses, and camels),horses, and camels),
and…and…
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Crop-growingCrop-growing(cultivating domesticated (cultivating domesticated
plants),plants),
and…and…
1,000 years ago Today
Units 2-7
10,000 years ago
Unit 1
Paleolithic Age
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the development of…the development of…FARMING FARMING
COMMUNITIES…COMMUNITIES… known as theknown as the
Agricultural Revolution Agricultural Revolution or or
Neolithic RevolutionNeolithic Revolution
1,000 years ago Today
Units 2-7
10,000 years ago
Unit 1
Paleolithic Age
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MesoamericaMesoamerica
AndesAndes AmazoniaAmazonia
Eastern North AmericaEastern North America
New GuineaNew Guinea
ChinaChina
EthiopiaEthiopia
WestWestAfricaAfrica
Fertile CrescentFertile Crescent
Between about 12,000 and 1,000 BCE, farmingBetween about 12,000 and 1,000 BCE, farmingappeared INDEPENDENTLY in a number of places,appeared INDEPENDENTLY in a number of places,
possibly in all of the places marked in red on the map.possibly in all of the places marked in red on the map.
1,000 years ago Today
Units 2-7
10,000 years ago
Unit 1
Paleolithic Age
Nile valleyNile valley
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Prior to farming, Prior to farming, population size in any population size in any one area was limitedone area was limitedby the availability of wild by the availability of wild game, grain, berries, game, grain, berries, seeds, and nuts.seeds, and nuts.
Farming and the large, Farming and the large, relatively dependable relatively dependable crops it provides crops it provides allowed for…allowed for…
POPULATION POPULATION GROWTHGROWTH
That means That means population population
increases in certain increases in certain areas. Population in areas. Population in those areas became those areas became
both larger and both larger and denser.denser.
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At the same time, At the same time, farmers in some farmers in some
places were, in spite places were, in spite of population growth,of population growth,
able to produceable to produce SURPLUS food.SURPLUS food.
What does What does SURPLUS SURPLUS
FOOD FOOD PRODUCTIONPRODUCTION
mean for a mean for a society?society?
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SURPLUS FOOD SURPLUS FOOD PRODUCTIONPRODUCTION……
……means that not means that not everyone has to grow everyone has to grow food or tend animals. food or tend animals. They can take on other They can take on other tasks. They can tasks. They can specialize in some non-specialize in some non-farming task. farming task.
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This is called…This is called…
Job Specialization.Job Specialization.Men and women may Men and women may
become:become:
• WeaversWeavers• Stone MasonsStone Masons• PottersPotters• PriestsPriests• Scribes Scribes • TradersTraders• Army officersArmy officers
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So, let’s have a So, let’s have a quick review of that quick review of that
last sequence of last sequence of events.events.
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Domestication of Plants and AnimalsDomestication of Plants and Animals
FarmingFarming
Surplus FoodSurplus Food SpecializationSpecializationPopulationPopulationIntensificationIntensification
Complex Society,Complex Society,also known asalso known asCIVILIZATIONCIVILIZATION
1,000 years ago Today
Units 2-7
10,000 years ago
Unit 1
Paleolithic Age
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Hint, hint!Hint, hint!
You might want You might want to make a note to make a note of these as we of these as we
go along.go along.
Civilizations have a number Civilizations have a number of elements in common.of elements in common.
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CivilizationCivilization
Remember it.Remember it.Write it down.Write it down.
Did you catchDid you catchthat term?that term?
Can you Can you define define
it?it?
Answer: A civilization is a complex society Answer: A civilization is a complex society or culture in which large numbers of human or culture in which large numbers of human share a number of common elements. share a number of common elements.
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Elements of civilization include:Elements of civilization include:
Mohenjo Daro
Hammurabi’sLaw Code
It’s thelaw
Pharaohs
1)1) CitiesCities
2) Central governments 2) Central governments And Law codesAnd Law codes
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1)1) CitiesCities
2) Central governments 2) Central governments and law codesand law codes
Elements of Civilization include:Elements of Civilization include:
Can you identifyCan you identify the societythe societyrepresentedrepresented
by each of these two by each of these two writing samples?writing samples?
3) Writing and 3) Writing and record keepingrecord keeping
4) Highly organized religions4) Highly organized religions
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3) Writing and 3) Writing and record keepingrecord keeping
4) Highly organized 4) Highly organized religionreligion
Full-time monk
Assyrian slavesIn Egypt
6) Social Classes6) Social Classes
1)1) CitiesCities
2) Central Governments 2) Central Governments and law codesand law codes
Elements of Civilization include:Elements of Civilization include:
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6) Arts & 6) Arts & ArchitectureArchitecture
Chariot
5) Social classes5) Social classes
Bronze Sword
3) Writing and 3) Writing and record keepingrecord keeping
4) Highly organized 4) Highly organized religionreligion
1)1) CitiesCities
2) Central governments 2) Central governments and law codesand law codes
Elements of Civilization include:Elements of Civilization include:
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Can you Can you remember ?remember ?
Let’s Let’s check!check!
Can you list Can you list some of thesome of the
elements of a elements of a civilization?civilization?
Clue: Clue: There were There were
6!6!
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Good job, Good job, huh?huh?
Check your answers below:
Good job if your list includes:
1.1. CitiesCities 2.2. Central governments and law codesCentral governments and law codes3.3. Writing and record-keepingWriting and record-keeping4. Social classes4. Social classes5.5. Arts & architectureArts & architecture6.6. Highly organized religionsHighly organized religions
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3,000 years ago
By 3,000 BCE, societies in Southwest Asia and Egypt were developing elements of complex societies.
Are we Are we supposedsupposed
to be takingto be takingnotes on this?notes on this?
1,000 years ago Today
Units 2-7
10,000 years ago
Unit 1
Paleolithic Age
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By the end of Unit By the end of Unit 1, about 600 BCE, 1, about 600 BCE, there were several there were several
well-established well-established civilizations in civilizations in Afroeurasia.Afroeurasia.
There were There were also two new also two new ones in the ones in the Americas. Americas.
At least two civilizations in At least two civilizations in Afroeurasia, the Minoan in the Afroeurasia, the Minoan in the Mediterranean region and the Mediterranean region and the
Harappan in the Indus River valley Harappan in the Indus River valley had already come and gone.had already come and gone.
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Now, looking back over Unit 1,
let’s review the major changes.
1,000 years ago Today
Units 2-7
10,000 years ago
Unit 1
Paleolithic Age
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Domestication of Plants and AnimalsDomestication of Plants and Animals
FarmingFarming
Surplus FoodSurplus Food SpecializationSpecializationPopulationPopulationIntensificationIntensification
Complex Society,Complex Society,also known asalso known asCIVILIZATIONCIVILIZATION
1,000 years ago Today
Units 2-7
10,000 years ago
Unit 1
Paleolithic Age
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That translates into:That translates into:
FarmersFarmersHerdersHerdersCitiesCities
Central governmentsCentral governmentsArmiesArmies
Monumental buildingsMonumental buildingsWritten languageWritten languageSocial hierarchiesSocial hierarchies
Complex belief systemsComplex belief systems
In 10,000 BCE none of these existed in the world. By 600 BCE they all did.In 10,000 BCE none of these existed in the world. By 600 BCE they all did.
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.
Not only has life changed Not only has life changed culturally and culturally and
technologically, but also technologically, but also the rate of change has the rate of change has
accelerated.accelerated.
10k years ago
Art
200k yrs ago
Language
Paleolithic Age
Today
Units 2-7
1k years ago
Dogs, sheep. goats, horses, wheat, rice, Dogs, sheep. goats, horses, wheat, rice, chiles, potatoes—all domesticatedchiles, potatoes—all domesticated
Plow farmingPlow farming
Law CodesLaw Codes
ChariotsChariots
Temple buildingTemple building
Sailing technologySailing technology
CopperCoppersmeltingsmelting
AlphabetAlphabet
WheelWheel
WritingWriting
IrrigationIrrigation
Regular trade routesRegular trade routes
CalendarsCalendars
PotteryPottery
Bow & arrowBow & arrow
PyramidsPyramids
Walled citiesWalled cities
Letters andLetters andenvelopesenvelopes
360-degree circle360-degree circle
Unit 1
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Make a few Make a few notes and notes and
discuss this discuss this question with question with your teacher your teacher and fellow and fellow students.students.
What factors What factors do you think do you think
might account might account for this for this
increasing rate increasing rate of change?of change?
You may have noticed You may have noticed that the difference that the difference
between the rate of between the rate of change in the change in the
Paleolithic Age and in Paleolithic Age and in Unit 1 is enormous.Unit 1 is enormous.
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Come to think of it, things Come to think of it, things changed REALLY fast In changed REALLY fast In
the 20th century. I wonder the 20th century. I wonder what the rate of change is what the rate of change is going to be like in the 21st going to be like in the 21st
century?century?
As you move on to As you move on to Unit 2 (600 BCE to Unit 2 (600 BCE to
1450 AD), keep your 1450 AD), keep your eye on the rate of eye on the rate of
change. Does it keep change. Does it keep increasing? Level increasing? Level off? Slow down?off? Slow down?
Do the factors you Do the factors you have identified as have identified as
affecting the rate of affecting the rate of change in the change in the
Paleolithic Age and Paleolithic Age and Unit 1 still apply?Unit 1 still apply?
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Well, that’s all for Well, that’s all for Unit 1, but don’t Unit 1, but don’t
go away.go away.
Hang on to Hang on to your notes and your notes and
stay tuned stay tuned for…for…
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Unit 2 !Unit 2 !Coming SOON Coming SOON to a classroom to a classroom
near you.near you.