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Good Design and Bad Design

Hsin-I Chang(Christine)

Ph.D. student Higher EducationEducational Policy & AdministrationUniversity of Minnesota, Twin Cities

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Good Design and Bad Design

Context and Focus

Design and Evaluate Criteria

Examples of Good and Bad Design

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Context and Focus

Considerations of designing websites for ESL/EFL students

Evaluation criteria for educational websites for ESL/EFL students

ESL/EFL (English as second/foreign language)

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Design and Evaluate Criteria

Content- Instructional

Purposes

- Intended Audience

Appropriateness

- Materials and

Curricula

- Tasks and Activities

Quality and Design- Appearance

- Audio & Video

- Reliability & Speed

- Navigating

- Engaging

- Validity

- Contact

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Content

Instructional Purposes

Intended Audience appropriateness

Materials and curricula

Tasks and Activities

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Content

Instructional Purposes:

- Should be clear

- Should be the basis for designing a website

- Intended objectives and skills should be addressed.

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Content

Intended Audience appropriateness:Who will be using this web site?- Age- Language level: Appropriate level or

proficiency focus (beginner/intermediate/advanced)

- Classroom or individual setting- Computer-use skills and comfort level

with computers and Internet navigation- Interests

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Content

Materials and curricula:

- Integration into course curricula

- Both instructional and authentic

- Enjoyment and interesting level for

students

- 5 Cs: Communication, Communities,

Connections, Cultures, Comparisons

(Standard for foreign language learning, National Language Organizations, 1993)

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5 Cs: Standard for Foreign Language Learning

Types of curricula experiences needed to enable students to achieve the standards.

Communication: is at the heart of language learning. Cultures: understand and learn to appreciate other

cultures. Connections: provides connections to additional

bodies of knowledge Comparisons: realization of multiple ways of viewing

the world Communities: participate in multilingual communities

around the world

(Standard for foreign language learning, National Language Organizations, 1993)

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Content

Tasks and Activities:

- Challenging and motivating

- Cognition involvement: Knowledge / Comprehension, Application / Analysis, Synthesis / Evaluation

(BLOOM'S TAXONOMY, 1956)

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BLOOM'S TAXONOMY, 1956

Bloom identified six levels within the cognitive domain, from the simple recall or recognition of facts, as the lowest level, through increasingly more complex and abstract mental levels, to the highest order which is classified as evaluation.

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Quality and Design

Appearance Audio & video Reliability & Speed Navigating Engaging Validity Contact

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Quality and Design

Appearance: text, color and graphics clear/unclear, helpful/distracting

Audio & video: clear/unclear, helpful/distracting

Reliability & Speed: availability, response-time, downloading and linking

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Quality and Design

Navigating: clear organization and directions (site map?), appropriate divisions and subheadings, useful links

Engaging: design captures and keeps attention

Validity: sources documented Contact/ Interaction: author and/or

source contact addresses provided

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Application/Reflection

Who will be using this web site? Mode: individual/class Language level:

beginner/intermediate/advanced Target language goals:

professional/academic/survival skills Target audience: nationality/age/interests,

comfort level with computers and Internet navigation

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Application/Reflection

In what kind of facility? Classroom Lab Home Is the web site instructionally appropriate for yo

ur students' needs? If not, why? Quality Content Type Intended Audience Adaptability Interactivity Other?

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Application/Reflection

For what purpose (curricular objectives) will you use the web site?

Present target language Present cultural information Prompt student discussion Teach a language skill Communication strategies Evaluate students Other?

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Application/Reflection

What teaching techniques would you use with this web site?

Pre-activities Post-activities Segment/whole Home/class/lab Viewing/listening/writing/...

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Application/Reflection

What need(s) does this web site fill

that cannot be met by using other

materials?

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Examples of Good and Bad Design

Theme: Movie Example 1

Like: - Design and overall presentation- Posters and clear site map- Resources

Dislike:- Without a very organized way to

find a movie- Without follow-up activities

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Examples of Good and Bad Design

Theme: Movie Example 2

Like:

- Well Organized way to locate a movie

- Activities and resources

Dislike:

- Design and overall presentation

- Unclear and distracting