1 great american woodstove changeout campaign national weatherization training conference december...
TRANSCRIPT
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Great American Woodstove Changeout Campaign
National Weatherization Training Conference
December 10, 2007
“Real energy efficiency improvements and air emission reductions for real people”
Larry Brockman, U.S. EPA919-541-5398, [email protected]
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Presentation Purpose
Raise awareness about EPA’s Woodstove Changeout Campaign
Share why EPA cares about wood smoke
Increase awareness about new solid fuel technologies
Outline funding opportunities (e.g., environmental enforcement settlement agreements)
Begin dialogue for possible partnership
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What is a Woodstove Changeout Campaign?
A voluntary, incentive-based (cash rebates) effort to encourage owners of old, inefficient woodstoves to replace or “changeout” their stove with a cleaner burning hearth appliance,like:
Gas stoves Wood pellet or corn stoves EPA-Certified wood stoves
Draft logo
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What’s in Wood Smoke?
“Ah, the sweet smell of wood smoke” - but what makes it so sweet? CO Benzene Toluene Aldehyde gases Polycyclic organic matter Dioxin Particle matter (PM2.5)
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Residential Wood Smoke - Why Do We Care?
Fine particle pollution (PM2.5) - ~6 % (430,000 tons) of total PM2.5 ~80% from woodstoves More than all of the:
US petroleum refineries Cement manufactures Pulp and paper plants combined.
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Smaller, inhalable particles (≤ PM10) penetrate deep into
the lungs
Particulate Matter
Model of interior human lung
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Who’s affected?
Everyone, especially children and the elderly
People with existing diseases such as: Coronary artery disease Heart failure Asthma Chronic bronchitis and
emphysema
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Residential Wood SmokeWhy else does EPA care?
Energy Efficiency/Renewable Newer stoves are ~50% more efficient, use 1/3 less
wood
Fire Safety Creosote build-up in chimney from old stoves is faster
Indoor Air Quality Old wood stoves are often improperly installed and
poorly sealed Improper ventilation of woodstoves and fireplaces
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2006/2007 Residential PM2.5 Indoor Air Quality Sampling
Findings from University of Montana
Sampling focused on 21 woodstove homes that were changed out during the winter of 2006/2007. (5 were eliminated from study for various reasons)
24-hour fine particle matter (PM2.5) sampling
Pre-changeout average PM2.5 concentrations within 21 homes: 53.4 μg/m3. (35ug/m3 is health based standard)
Post-changeout average PM2.5 concentrations within 16 homes: 15.0 μg/m3.
Average reduction in indoor PM2.5 as a result of woodstove changeout within 16 homes:
72%
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Woodstove Fireplace Inserts
Can transform a conventional fireplace into an efficient heating system.
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Two types of advanced combustion:
1. Catalytic uses catalyst to clean up
exhaust
2. Non-catalytic advanced most common
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Inside a catalytic wood stove
Smoke passes through a catalytic honeycomb that lowers smoke ignition temperature
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Wood Pellet Stoves A cleaner burning
option
Pellets are made from sawdust that is ground, dried and compressed
Can operate up to 24 hours unattended
Many pellet stoves burn corn too.
Conventional Fireplaces Not efficient and are not suitable for home
heating
They are also a source of air pollution
High efficiency fireplaces Advanced technology fireplaces
have the same combustion features as advanced wood stoves
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Woodstove Changeouts: The Opportunity…
10 million stoves in use, 7.5 million old stoves Cleaner burning, more efficient technologies
available
Old New
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Woodstove Changeout The Challenge…
Replacement with new “cleaner” alternatives is relatively expensive
~$1500 – $3000 per stove (including installation)
Low income households can’t afford new stoves
Old woodstoves last 30-40 years, (7.5 million)
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Ideas for Sources of Funding
Supplemental Environmental Projects
Foundations Big Businesses Demonstration Grants Rebates/Discounts Federal/State/Local/Tribal HUD, BIA, DOE
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Supplemental Environmental Project (SEP) Agreement
What is a SEP Agreement? An agreement with an alleged violator to
undertake an environmentally beneficial project related to the violation in exchange for mitigation of the penalty to be paid.
e.g., instead paying the U.S. Treasury $200,000, the $ goes to a local project
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Supplemental Environmental Project ( SEP)
Environmentally beneficial projects Must have connection to violation Generally in the same geographic area
Is up to defendant to choose do SEP and the type of project
Defendant must be able to prove the project was implemented
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Progress to date – Supplemental Environmental Projects
Enforcement agreements negotiated to pay for clean stoves: Total ~ $725K
Red = Worked with CAP 3 in Wash. State: Bellingham ~$200K, Spokane
$25K
2 in Ohio: Dayton ~$75K, Marietta ~245K
1 in VA: Christiansburg ~$45K
1 in NM: Questa ~$100K
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Partnership progress to date
Over 25 communities implementing wood stove changeouts
Partners have invested $6M
8 Supplemental Environmental Projects
Over 3000 stoves and fireplaces changed out
More than 130 tons of PM2.5 reduced/yr
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Woodstove Changeouts Are Happening!
Recently completed or implementing CA - Sacramento CA - Yolo-Solano CA - Butte County CO - Delta County ID - Pinehurst ID – Cache Valley ID – Nez Perce Tribe MT - Libby NM - Questa NV - Washoe Co. OH - Dayton area OH - Marietta OR - Oakridge
PA – Southwest counties VA – Christiansburg WA – Darrington WA – Ferry County WA - Yakima WA - Bellingham WA – Marysville WA - Tacoma WA – Spokane WA – Stevens County WA – Swinomish Tribe WI – Oneida Nation WV - Parkersburg
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Woodstove Changeout Campaign - Summary
EPA believes this effort: Is potentially a very effective tool for addressing air
pollution at the community/tribal level;
Provides other important benefits (e.g., energy efficiency);
Is doable, but financial incentives are by far the biggest challenge;
Has willing partners;
Questions/comments?