WOODSTOVE CHANGEOUT WOODSTOVE CHANGEOUT

ON THEON THE

  

                    

                                                                                                                        

                      

  

                    

                                                                                                                        

                      

Johna Boulafentis & Tui MoligaJohna Boulafentis & Tui MoligaNez Perce TribeNez Perce Tribe

Environmental Restoration and Waste Environmental Restoration and Waste ManagementManagement

Air Quality ProgramAir Quality Program

HypothesisHypothesis

Wood stove replacement will reduce indoor Wood stove replacement will reduce indoor levels of PM and associated wood smoke levels of PM and associated wood smoke chemical markers from domestic wood chemical markers from domestic wood burning?burning?

Project PartnersProject Partners

EPAEPA University of MontanaUniversity of Montana Northwest Indian College, Nez Perce Tribe Distance Northwest Indian College, Nez Perce Tribe Distance

Learning CentersLearning Centers Institute for Tribal Environmental Professionals Institute for Tribal Environmental Professionals Washington State University Extension Energy Program Washington State University Extension Energy Program Swinomish TribeSwinomish Tribe Ni Mii Puu HealthNi Mii Puu Health Nez Perce Tribe Housing AuthorityNez Perce Tribe Housing Authority Nez Perce Tribe Forestry & Fire Division Nez Perce Tribe Forestry & Fire Division Nez Perce Tribe Safety ProgramNez Perce Tribe Safety Program

Study OverviewStudy Overview

Recruit 16 householdsRecruit 16 households Outreach and EducationOutreach and Education Measure before and after changeoutMeasure before and after changeout

– Ambient airAmbient air– Indoor air Indoor air – Health of asthmatic child Health of asthmatic child

Conduct sampling during winter months Conduct sampling during winter months Wood stove changeoutWood stove changeout

Free EPA-Certified Woodstoves Available! Participate in ERWM’s

Woodstove Study & Changeout

Qualifying Residences:Use an old woodstove as the primary source of heat Are a nonsmoking, tribal member home in Lapwai or KamiahHave a child between ages 6 and 17 with asthma or respiratory related illness

Participants Receive:New, cleaner burning and more efficient woodstove Improved indoor air quality in home

To participate or for more information, contactJohna Boulafentis at 843-9381 x23671

Outreach and EducationOutreach and Education

OfficeOffice MediaMedia

– KLEW T.V.KLEW T.V.– Articles/Informational NoticesArticles/Informational Notices– Letters & mass emailLetters & mass email– PostersPosters

FieldField– Presentations & Air Quality BoothPresentations & Air Quality Booth

Ambient MonitoringAmbient Monitoring

Utilize existing network in Kamiah and Utilize existing network in Kamiah and LapwaiLapwai– PM2.5 TEOMPM2.5 TEOM– Met Site: temperature, RH, precipitation, wind Met Site: temperature, RH, precipitation, wind

speed speed – Forecasts of inversion conditions Forecasts of inversion conditions – EPA PM2.5 standardsEPA PM2.5 standards

24/hr is 35 μg/m24/hr is 35 μg/m33, , annual is 15 μg/mannual is 15 μg/m33

Pre-SamplingPre-Sampling

Initial meeting with participantInitial meeting with participant– Discuss study and equipmentDiscuss study and equipment– Keeping records of daily activitiesKeeping records of daily activities

Collect home informationCollect home information– Age of home, square footage, number of roomsAge of home, square footage, number of rooms– Wood type, cords burned per year, how long the Wood type, cords burned per year, how long the

wood was seasoned, how they acquire their wood was seasoned, how they acquire their woodwood

Health StudyHealth Study

Participants monitor their asthmatic Participants monitor their asthmatic child’s breathing for up to 2 weekschild’s breathing for up to 2 weeks– Use a PiKo-1 Electronic Peak Use a PiKo-1 Electronic Peak

Flow MeterFlow Meter Measures how much air the child Measures how much air the child

can take into the lungs and breathe can take into the lungs and breathe outout

Record measurements on data Record measurements on data sheetsheet

– Survey about child’s physical Survey about child’s physical activity and emotions related to activity and emotions related to their respiratory illnesstheir respiratory illness

Indoor Air SamplingIndoor Air Sampling

Sample for 24-hour period, 2 to 4 sample daysSample for 24-hour period, 2 to 4 sample days Leland Sampler / Personal Environmental Monitor Leland Sampler / Personal Environmental Monitor

(PEM) with a quartz filter:(PEM) with a quartz filter:– Organic Carbon / Elemental Carbon (OC/EC)Organic Carbon / Elemental Carbon (OC/EC)– Chemical markers (vanillin, acetovanillone, guaiacol, 4-Chemical markers (vanillin, acetovanillone, guaiacol, 4-

ethylguaiacol, levoglucosan, abietic acid, dehydroabietic ethylguaiacol, levoglucosan, abietic acid, dehydroabietic acid)acid)

DustTrak (continuous PM2.5 mass) set to run for DustTrak (continuous PM2.5 mass) set to run for 48 hours48 hours

Sample Day: InternSample Day: Intern

Equipment dutiesEquipment duties– Calibration and set-up Calibration and set-up – CleaningCleaning

Record KeepingRecord Keeping– Documenting Documenting

equipment readingsequipment readings– Downloading & emailing Downloading & emailing

DustTrak data to Tony DustTrak data to Tony Ward, University of Ward, University of MontanaMontana

Indoor Sampling EquipmentIndoor Sampling Equipment

DustTrak

PEM

Leland (inside)

Sample Day: ParticipantSample Day: Participant

Record of home activities Record of home activities – 2 pages: cooking, cleaning, candles, etc.2 pages: cooking, cleaning, candles, etc.– Nez Perce traditional burning (sweet grass, Nez Perce traditional burning (sweet grass,

sage, patosway, or boiling of kouse kouse)sage, patosway, or boiling of kouse kouse)

Record of wood burning activities Record of wood burning activities – Loading and stoking Loading and stoking – Size of logs and how many pieces usedSize of logs and how many pieces used

Old Stoves & EquipmentOld Stoves & Equipment

0

50

100

150

200

250

Sampling Homes

PM

2.5

, ug

/m3

Lapwai

Kamiah

Indoor PM2.5 Levels Prior to Changeout

PM2.5 Pre Changeout4,000 ug/m3

Indoor and Outdoor PM2.5 Levels Prior to Changeout

0

50

100

150

200

250

PM

2.5

, u

g/m

3

Lapwai indoor

Kamiah indoor

Outdoor

The Changeout!The Changeout!

New StovesNew Stoves

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Lapwai 1 Lapwai 2 Kamiah

PM

2.5

, ug

/m3

Pre

Post

Indoor PM2.5 Levels Pre and Post Changeout

PM2.5 Post Changeout

180 ug/m3

Installation Inspection & Installation Inspection & Homeowner TrainingHomeowner Training

Happy Homeowners!Happy Homeowners!

ChallengesChallenges

Sampling equipment malfunctions Sampling equipment malfunctions HomeownersHomeowners

– Paperwork, no showsPaperwork, no shows– Selecting 4 new homes mid-studySelecting 4 new homes mid-study

Distance to KamiahDistance to Kamiah Wood stove business & installerWood stove business & installer

– Distance (~200 miles away)Distance (~200 miles away)– 22ndnd round of installations delayed two months due to round of installations delayed two months due to

snowsnow– Attitude/not vested in the community Attitude/not vested in the community

SuccessesSuccesses

Partnerships & intern participation Partnerships & intern participation 16 tribal homes with EPA certified stoves16 tribal homes with EPA certified stoves

– New stoves “burned off” before change out New stoves “burned off” before change out – Reduced indoor PM2.5 levelsReduced indoor PM2.5 levels– Old stoves recycled Old stoves recycled – Installation inspection & trainingInstallation inspection & training

Reduced ambient PM2.5 in each communityReduced ambient PM2.5 in each community Interest outside of study communitiesInterest outside of study communities Future funding with the University of MTFuture funding with the University of MT

Sign on a participant’s front door www.nativeasthma.org

Lessons Learned & Looking ForwardLessons Learned & Looking Forward

InstallerInstaller– Purchase stoves from a local businessPurchase stoves from a local business– In a written agreement or in the bidIn a written agreement or in the bid

New stoves “burned off” pre-change outNew stoves “burned off” pre-change out Old stoves hauled to a recycler Old stoves hauled to a recycler

– Work towards having a tribal member become a Work towards having a tribal member become a National Fireplace Institute Certified Wood Burning National Fireplace Institute Certified Wood Burning SpecialistSpecialist

HomeownerHomeowner– Written agreement about removing old stoveWritten agreement about removing old stove

Wood stove fair in Fall ’08Wood stove fair in Fall ’08