1 mdbo2006-en - abb group · 1 mdbo2006-en page 1 march 1992 changed since august 1990 ... neutral...

1 MDBO2006-ENMarch 1992Changed since August 1990Dala subject lo change w~oul nolice

ABB Network Controi& Protection

(90603) (90641)

Features eGreat flexibility in mounting and wiringeProtection relays can be delivered in pre-wired and factory tested cubicles or as indi-vidual relays

-Each protection relay is independent withits own dc supply and secondary tesl:ingfacilities

-SuitabJe for generators and other rotatingac machines

Application COMBIFLEX generator protection relays canbe applied to any generator or other rotating acmachines. They are particularly suitable forgenerators in the range of 5 to 100 MVA wheregreat flexibility in application is desired. Individ-ual relays can be used complementary to otherprotection relay families or packages. For 'argemachines, subdivision into dual schemes e.g.mai n I and mai n II can easily be made.

Besides the generator relays described here, agreat number of protection relays of multipur-pose type are available (see References).

Short-circuit protectionStator differential relays are commonly used.Depending on the earthing system, earth faultsmayaiso be detected.

The RADSG is used to provide high-speedprotection of any generator stator winding forphase faults. Long dc time constant of largesynchronous generators may result in fully off-set asymmetrical fault current for an apprecia-ble time. Studies have shown that 250 ms mayel ap se before a zero-crossing of the fault cur-rent occurs. Generator CT's will most likely sat-urate during this period and remain so until thecurrent goes through zero crossing. This wouldresult in delayed operation of slower speedconventionai differential relays. The RADSGrelay uses instantaneous measuring quantitiesand detects an internai fault within 1-3 ms(5-10 ms to trip) resulting in a correct operationprior to CT saturation. RADSG can therefore beapplied with CT's of standard design. Air-

gapped CT cores are not required, but can beused. Low knee-point voltage, typically in therange of 60 V (with 5 A rating) is acceptable..Interposing CT's are normally used to reducethe relaycurrent to 1 or2 A, and to lower thesaturation voltage imposed on the relay.

The main CT secondary circuit resistance,should be limited to 125 ohms, including CT's.This guarantees correct operation irrespectiveof fault-<:urrent magnitude or saturation.

An overcurrent supervision relay is included foradded security. To trip multiple breakers and toprovide additional output functions, a separate-ly mounted latching relay is optional.

The RADHA relay is a three-phase high im-pedance differential relay, generally suitable forsmall to medium generators. This relay is de-scribed in other documents and used when(10-20 ms) tripping times are acceptable andwhere dedicated CT's are available.

Stator earth faultThe common practice to earth the generatorneutral through a resistor limits the earth cur-rent to 5-10 A. The COMBIFLEX stator earthfault relays are based on detection of the fun-damental and third harmonic voltages in theneutral (or broken delta).

The (RXIG 28) 95% stator earth fault rel:ay isset at 5% of maximum neutral voltage at solidearth faults. At this setting 95% of the statorwinding and also the generator bus and ancil-laries up to the next step-up transformer areprotected.


COMBIFLEXGenerator protection relays

1R3V08 J,1W0A8 A38A

Application (cont'd) The RAGEA relay covers 100% of the stator al time delayed overcurrent relays cannot ade-winding and consists of a 95% measuring ele- quately protect the generator; therefore, specialment (as RXIG 28 above) and an additional loss-of-excitation relays are required to ensureelement covering as a minimum 95-100% of tripping.U'v vvi"di,,~. II~' af'f'li"alivll i~ ba~vd vllavaila- -rL..- n Ar"'n,.. __1__- 1_- L..- 1 ...L -_:blity of a minimum 1% third harmonic voltage at The RAGF:'C relay.ca~ also be u~ed where par-the neutral allel machlnes malntaln the terminal voltage

.above 0.85 p.u. on the machine having lost ex..When more than the minimum 1 % third-har- citation. The relay therefore includes a currentmonic voltage exists, the operating zone of the detector set at 1.1 p.u. current. The current re-third harmonic 95-100% protection can be fur- ceived by the machine is generally in the orderthe r extended and the set operating value of of 2-5 times rated, at lost excitation.the 95% protection can be increased. A reduc- ..tion in the operating time for the 95% protection The RAGPC relay 1.5 sultable for all.types ofis then feasible without any loss in security. sy~c~rc:>nous machlnes. The operating ~harac-

terlstlc IS normally set as close as posslble toThe third-harmonic detector is supervised by t~e therma~ capability curve for the underex-either a generator phase-tO-'phase voltage, or clted machlne.generator current. The third-harmonic relay. .setting is determined from the amount of gener- Negative sequence.current protectlonator neutral third-harmonic voltages. Calcula- When the generator IS connected t.o balan?edtions can be based on machine specifications load t~e phase curre:nts are equaJ In magmtud~3and equipment capacitances or on field mea- and displaced electrlcally by 120 .

surements. Whe~ vo~tage s~pervision is l;Ised, The RARIB relay provides protection againstthe 100% protectlon IS pr~vlded even during. excessive rotor heating that may occur due tostartup, when the voltage IS above the supervl- unbalanced phase currents. Single-phase and!sion relay operate level. two-phase faults, phase rupture or asymmetri(~

.loading on the system can give rise to unbal-Roto~ ea~h f~u.lt protectlon .anced currents hence negative sequence cur-The field clrcult IS normally kept Isolated from rents 'earth. A single earth fault is therefore not of im- .

mediate danger. A s~cond fault can cause seri- If the negative sequence current is of high ma!~-ous damage. Signalllng and alarm or delayed nitude, or if it persists for long periods of time,tripping of the first earth fault is therefore sutfi- rotor parts can be damaged due to overheatin!~.cient. It is normally assumed that a generator can

.sustain negative sequence currents which ex-The (RXNB4) ro~or earth faL!lt ~el?y IS used ceed a given minimum value for a period ofw~en the excitation voltage IS ~1~lte~ to 600 V. time, t, which is determined from the followingIt IS b?sed on 48 V dc voltage Injectlon to t~e equation:negative pole. When a fault occurs, a certalncontribution to the injection voltage is obtaineddepending on the actual field voltage and loca- ( IM )2tion of the fault. The sensitivity is therefore a t = KI(linear function of added excitation voltage. nBC

The RAGRA rela~ provi.des selective ac and dc where.8f:irth.fault protectlon. It I~ based on ac voltag~ IM = Rated current of the machineInj~ctlon to enable detectlon regardless of ex,cl- Insc = Negative sequence currenttatlon voltag~ level. (up to 18~q V)~ faul~ locatlon t = Time in secondsand connection point for the Injectlon ~Ignal. K = A constant in seconds that isT.he rotor ~haft must not be earthed with a characteristic for the generator.hlgher reslstance than 50 ohms. This constant represents theThe voltage injection is made either single- or le.ngth of time the .machine candouble-pole to the dc-side of the excitation with stand a negative sequencesystem or to the neutral point of the ac-side. current equal to rated current.

Double-pole injectiC}n to the dc-s!de is ~o be The validity of the equation is based on the as-recc:>mmended If sul~ab~e co~ne~tlo~ polnts are sumption that all the energy generated by theavallable c:>n. th.e exclta~lon clrcult, since the: negative sequence current is transmitted in themethod mlmmlzes the Influence of harmomcs. form of heat to the rotor, without any Iosses to

Loss-of-excitation protection the surroundings.

The RAG.P~ relay giy~s an alarm fa;r gen~ra~or In reality, part of this heat is dissipated to theunderexcltatlOn.co~dltlons and proy~de~ tripping surrounding cooling medium and to the stator. Iffor loss-of-excltatlon. A fault condltlon IS de- the negative sequence current is of a continu-tected by the relay when the generator acceler- ous nature, a thermal balance will be obtained.ates and draws reactive power from the system ...in order to maintain the active power output as Hydro generators hav/ng damper w/nd/ngs canreceived from the primed mover. The resulting orten sus~ain high levels of negative sequenC;:l~induced currents in the rotor may cause dan- current w/thout damage. However m?dern, dl-'gerous overheating, particularly for cylindrical rect-cooled turbogenerators ?n~ sallent polerotor turbogenerators. The magnitude of reac- generators without damper wlndln!;)S, ca~ betive power drawn from the system is a function damaged and must therefore be trlpped If neg-of the machine reactance and the system atiye sequence currents excee~ 5% of ~he ma-source impedance. The res;ultant current wi~1 chine ra~~d current for long periods of time ornot be steady, but is pulsatIng, and conventlon- as spec/f/ed by standards.


1 MDBO2006-EN


The RARIB provides a trip and alarm settingcapability corresponding to the machine capa-bility.In addition, the inverse-time circuitry incorpo-rates a memory function that takes inta consid-eration negative sequence currents that havenot caused tripping due to their short duration.Repetitive, short duration, negative sequencecurrents can be accumulated and when the setvalue is reached, tripping is obtained.

The memory function provides the relay with aselectable resetting function that can beadapted to the cooling down time of the ma-chine.

The relay cooling down time, ta, in seconds isgiven by equation

where b is a factory set constant in steps be-tween O and 6.

Reverse power protectionThe purpose of the reverse power relay is basi-cally to prevent damage on the prime mover(turbine).

When the input to the prime mover is lost, thegenerator functions as a synchronous compen-gator. This may lead to damage of the turbineblades, bearings or in cage of motors, insuffi-cient lubrication. Especially for turbogenerators,the active power supplied to a machine runningas synchronous compensator may be as low as1 % of the generator rated power.

The small active power to the machine,depending on the excitation level, may be com-bined with a substantiai reactive current. Inorder to secure operation in this cage, the an-gular error of the total measuring circuit (voIt-age and current transformers plus relay) mustbe extremely small. Correction of the angularerror may be required when the reverse poweris less than 2% of rating.

The (RXPE 40) reverse power relay is basedon single-phase measurement of generatorcurrent. A setting, down to 0.5% of rated gener-ator current is possible. It has an extremely lowpower consumption at operation and a smallangular error, with correction possibilities.

Shaft current protectionIf the bearing insulation on rotating machinesbreaks down, the induced voltage betweenshaft ends from machine dissymmetriescreates a shaft current that can damage thebearings or other vital parts. The damage de-pends on the shaft-current magnitude and du-ration. It is therefore desirable to provide sensi-tive protection that can detect shaft currents of1 A or less. The shaft-current measuring princi-

ple enables more sensitive protection thanshaft-voltage measurements or vibration-moni-toring. Vibration monitors on ly operate after thebearing is damaged. By applying RARIC, themachine can be tripped and the cause of thebearing insulation breakdown can often beeliminated before the bearing is damaged.

The RARIC relay is available in two versions.Version 1, most common, measures the funda-mental ac component in the shaft current. If thelowest setting can be used (small distur-bances), the relay can detect primary shaft cur-

Irents of 0.25-0.8 A. Version 2 is used when theshaft-current transformer is exposed to largefundamentalleakage flux from the machine.Version 2 measures the third harmonic ac com-ponent in the shaft current and can, at its: low-est setting, (0.5 mA) detect primary shaft cur- -rents of 0.25-0.8 A, 150 Hz. The shaft voltage ;must contain a third harmonic component if ver-sion 2 is to be used.

A shaft-current transformer is required for therelay measurement of the shaft current.

Inadvertent energization protectionAccidental energization of generators at stand-still or on turning-gear can lead to catastrophicfailures of the generator and other related pow- Ler station equipment. Generally, the time todamage the generator stator from the high in- ;-rush currents received during energization at jstand still is in the order of a few seconds. The

rbearing, however, may be damaged morequickly due to the lack of oil pressure. Sinceconventionai protection relays do not provideadequate protection when the generator is out-of-service, a dedicated high-speed protectionis recommended by most major equipment '

manufacturers.

The RAGUA relay prevents damage due to ac-cidental energization to the network. Trippingtime is about 8 ms.

SynchronizingThe RASA 4 synchronizing relay is intencled forautomatic synchronizing of smaller generators.The synchronizing pulse to the circuit-breakeris given just prior to actual synchronism, tocompensate for circuit-breaker closing time.Version A has a settable maximum frequencydifference of 0.2-0.4 Hz and is used in smallpower systems e.g. aboard ships.

Version B has a fixed maximum frequency dif-ference of 2 Hz and is used to synchroniz;esmall generators e.g. standby- or hydrogenera-tors to stronge r power systems. It has a IE~adtime which automatically adapts itself to theactual beat frequency. Approximately 40 ms isallowed in the compensation-circuit fo! the cir-cuit-breaker closing time.

Very small frequency differences can enableoperation, however, synchronizing pulse is notobtained when no frequency difference exists.

Other protection functions Suitable relay type in COMBIFLEXfamily, see description

Thermal overload RXVE 1 MDBO9013-ENPhase interturn RXIG 1 MDBO9004-ENOver/under voltage RXEG 1 MDBO9009-ENOver/under frequency RXFE 1 MDBO8007-ENOvercurrent and earth fault RXIG 1 MDBO9004-EN

1 MDBO2006-EI~



Design RADSGStator differential relay

(800685;)

The RADSG is a three-phase differential relayfor up to six input circuits. One measuring cir-cuit per phase detects phase and earth faults.High-speed'electromechanical outputrelays,one per phase, seal-in automatically and resetafter a 20 ms-99 s set time. An impulse storin!~device is used on each output relay to assurepick-up on the first half cycle even during CTsaturation. A voltage operated, hand reset flagis provided for each phase. The minimum dif-ferential operating current is approximately 0.014A, which corresponds to a sensitivitY of appro):i-mately four I}ercent of the main CT current rat..ing based on1A input at rated CT current. Thedifferential current must also exceed the over-current supervising relay setting of 0.04 A (nor-mally), to permit tripping.

The standard slope setting is 20% for the re-straint characteristic. The operate characteristicfor an internai fault is different, having alargeroperating area due to the phase shift betweenfault current and the restraint load current.

Interposing CT's are used to match the relayrating to the main CT rating. They are availablefor most ratios and for separate mounting.

The RADSG relay is available in two versions.

Version A:The relay is housed in a 4U 19" rack and thetransformer plate (4U 19") is delivered sepa-rate ly

Version B:The relay + plate are mounted and wired to-gether in an BU 19" rack.

GeneralGenerator protection relays in the GOMBIFLEXfamily are mainly built up of standard plug-inunits and offer the following advantages:

-Great flexibility in mounting and wiring,hence, easily adapted to user's practice re-garding included relays and the number ofoutput functions. The user's requirement oncontacts for tripping and external signallingas weil as indicating flagg or light emittingdi odes (LED's) for start and tripping func-tions, etc. are easily met.

-Modifications and extension can easily bemade.

-Pre-wired and factory-tested equipment incubicles assures easy installation and re-duces commissioning work to a minimum.

-Static relays with low power consumption inthe measuring circuits reduce the burden onGT's and, hence, the saturation effects.

-Built-in testing system GOMBITEST simpli-fies the maintenance testing.

-The number of spare parts is reduced by us-ing the same type of plug-in unit in severalprotection relays.

The protection relays can be delivered in cu-bicles or as stand-alone units and, when de-sired, combined with relays from other ABBrelay families or according to the user's choice.

The GOMBIFLEX protection relays are suppliedcomplete for connection to the station battery.The trip and signal contacts of medium dufytype generally have sufficient making andbreaking capacity for direct connection to tripcoils and other external equipment.

Relays are in some cages available with orwithout internai visual signalling. This opens thepossibility to group signals together in a com-mon rack or outside the protection cubicle.Generally, several potential free contacts areavailable for external function.

A protection cubicle (system) would normallyinclude

-Dc supply supervision with flag relays for thewhole cubicle

-Individual protection relays according torequirements

-Signalling, either in each relay or groupedtogether in the cubicle

-Grouping of trip signals and separatelymounted (in the cubicle) tripping relays typeRXME, RXMH or RXMVB, all with heavydufy contacts and with free choice of numberof trip contacts.

Where division into two protection groups isrequired, relays can freely be placed in sepa-rate cubicles, due to redundancy requirements.For a systematic approch, please contact ABB

Relays.

Each protection relay is equipped with a testswitch, type RTXP. This facilitates secondaryinjection testing (settings are mainly performedon the front of the relay). Resetting of flag andLED indications are also made on the relay'sfront). The relays are supplied on mountingbars, or if specified, in 19" racks. Optionally, 19"racks or cages, type RHGX, can be suppliedseparatelyor with the relay mounted.

(AXIG 28) 95% Stator earth fault relayThe relay consists of an RTXP 18 test switch, afundamental frequency relay comprising of thirdharmonic rejection filter, RXIG 28 overcurrentrelay with a voltage scale, a RXKE time-relayand a RXSF signal relay.

If a fundamental neutral overvoltage is sensed(50 or 60 Hz or during startup, a lower frequen-cy) exceeding the operating value of the funda-mental frequency relay, this will trip the ma-chine after a set time and also produce a flagindication.


1 MDBO2()IO6-EN


RAGEA100% Stator earth fault relay

(RXNB 4)Rotor earth fault relay

(92137)

The rotor earth fault relay (RXNB) is availablein two versions; one for maximum 300 Vandanother for maximum 600 V excitation voltage.

The relay consists of:

-An RTXP 18 test switch for secondary injec-tian test.

-An injection circuit resistor to limit the I~urrentto the measuring relay.

-An RXNB 4 insulation measuring relay.

The relay is connected with an ac voltage U1(see Technical data). This voltage is trans-formed, rectified and stabilized in the measur-ing relay RXNB 4 to the dc auxiliary supplyvoltage for the static circuits (24 V) and the in-jection dc voltage for the excitation winding(48 V).In the event of an earth fault or a reduction inthe excitation winding insulation resistance, theimposed voltage will give rise to a currenLWhen the current exceeds the level detectoroperate value an electromechanical outputrelay is energized after approximately 11 s. Si-multaneously, a LED is lit and will remain lit aslong as the earth fault remains. The 11 seconddelay prevents unwanted output signals clue toshort duration increases in the field windingvoltage.The relay operates for an insulation resistanceRx dependent upon the voltage Ux when

U +48 .Rx < -~-:r- 4.5 kohm for 300 V version

andR Ux + 48 .

x < 2.5 -15 kohm for 600 V version

where Ux = the excitation voltage contributionmeasured between the point of fault and 1:henegative terminal of the excitation circuit.

RAGPCLoss-of-excitation relay

The measuring part in the RAGPC relay is theRXPE 40 directional overcurrent relay. Thecharacteristic angle of 750 leading is achievedby the connection to the phases and to a resis-tor unit RXTMA 1 connected between twophases. The RXPE 40 relay unit operates atime relay RXKF 1 to alarm for under excitation.Type RAGPC also contains the RXEG 21. un-

RAGEA consists of an RTXP 18 test switch, athird harmonic rejection filter with an RXIG 28relay to sense fundamental overvoltage, funda-mental frequency rejection filter with an RXIG 21relay, to sense third harmonic undervoltage,two RXKE 1 timers for output signal delay, oneRXSF 1 with two flags, and either an RXIG 21or RXEG 21, for current or voltage supervision.

If a fundamental (or, during startup, a lower fre-quency) neutral overvoltage is sensed, theovervoltage relay will pick-up and start theovervoltage timer which will produce a flag anda contact output for tripping. When the genera-tor voltage has sufficient third harmonic, alterthe pick-up of the phase-to-phase voltage orphase current supervision relay, the undervoI-tage relay will drop out only if there is a faultclose to or at the neutral. Drop out of the under-voitage relay will start the undervoltage timer;alter the set time a flag will show, and a contactoutput for tripping or alarm will simultaneouslyclose.

Settings are applied to the individual relay mod-ules by means of dials on the front of RAGEA,accessible through normally covered holes onthe relay modules.

RAGRARotor earth fault relay

The RAGRA relay consists of two separateunits, the voltage injection unit, RTTH, and therelay itself. The voltage injection unit should beinstalled as close to the injection points as pos-sible. It is housed in an enclosure.

The RAGRA relay comprises:

-An RTXP 18 test switch for secondary injec-tion test.

-An RTQTD 60 transformer unit containingtwo voltage transformers to adapt the inputauxiliary voltage to the electric circuits in themeasuring unit and a current transformer toadapt the measuring current from the injec-tion unit.

-An RXRDA 4 measuring unit containing themeasuring circuits and the setting knobs fordc alarm, trip levels and time delay. The acearth fault operate level and time (5 sec-onds) are fixed.

-Two RXSF 1 flag relays indicating:-Loss of internai dc power supply (Yellow)-Ac earth fault trip (Red)-Dc earth fault alarm (Yellow)-Dc earth fault tri p (Red)

A lead jacket cable which is capable of with-standing 5 kV, 50 Hz is used for connecting theRTTH to the field circuit.


1 MDBO2006-I:N


Design (cont'd) dervoltage supervision unit, that operates inaddition to RXPE, for the loss-of-excitationcondition and a current unit RXIG 21 used fortrip supervision. An RTXP 18 test switch is pro-vided for secondary injection testing.

RARIBNegative sequence current relay

(SE 90603)

The RARIB relay is built up of six unitsmounted on two apparatus bars.

The RXTBIC 4, negative phase sequence cur-rent filter, contains two transformers, one ampli-fier and a low-pass filter which reduces har-monics in the three-phase current. The filter isconnected to eliminate any influence of zero-sequence current. An option al instrument am-plifier can be included in the filter for connectingto an optional instrument that indicates the neg-ative phase sequence current, Insc.

The RXIEK 2H, measuring unit, contains twOlevel detectors, for alarm and start, and fouroutput relays for alarm, start, tripping, andblocking. On the front of the unit are thr~e po-tentiometers for making the following settings:

-Adaption of the relay current to the rated cur-rent of the machine, IM. The scale is gra-duated (0.7-1.1) x In.

-Operate value for Alarm with scale gra-duated 3-9% or 7-21% of IM.

-Operate value for Start with scale graduated4-16% or 10.--40% of IM.

On the front there are also LED's that indicateAlarm, Start, Trip and Block, and a Reset but-ton for the Alarm, Start and Trip indications.The Block LED follows the pulses to the bIock-ing relay.The RXKEB 2H, timing unit, incorporates twotime delay circuits; one for definite-time-delayof the alarm signal and one for inverse time-delay for the tripping and blocking functions. Onthe front, six toggle switches are used for set-ting of the time constant, K. The setting can bemade in steps of 1 s up to a maximum of 63 s.

The bottom switch is used for selecting the ti-me-delay of the alarm signal: OFF is equal to a0.1 s time-delay and ON is equal to a 6 s time-delay. The switch immediately above this one isnot used.

The cooling down time-constant is internallyprograry'lmable in 7 steps (b = 0-6) and set be-fore delivery.

(RXPE 40) Reverse power relayThe reverse power relay is available in severalversions. The relay contains one current direc-tional relay, RXPE 40, completed with one or

two timers, type RXKF 1, and one output rela~v,type RXME 18, with flag and heavy duty con-tacts or type RXSF 1, with flag and mediumduty contacts.

Versions with or without the phase-angle cor-rection unit, type RXTMB 1, are available.

The RXTMB 1 phase-angle compensating unitis connected into the polarizing voltage circuitsof RXPE 40. The unit contains an RC circuitwith a potentiometer. By varying the resistancevalue, the unit can be set to give a positivephase displacement of 0-4 degrees in the po-larizing voltage circuit of RXPE 40.

RARICShaft-current relayThe RARIC relay includes a test switch, typeRTXP 18, ac-dc converter, overcurrent relay,type RXIK 1, time relay, type RXKF 1, medium-duty relay, type RXMA 1 and heavy-duty triprelay, type RXME 18. Version 2 also includes ,afilter which attenuates the fundamental currentinto the relay.

A hand reset flag indicates operation. The nec:-essary time-delay for tripping is provided bythe RXKF 1.

The overcurrent relay includes surge suppres-.sion filteringon the input and has an output th,atis maintained even in cases of intermittent shaftcurrents.

The shaft-current transformer, type ILDD, isavailable for shafts with a diameter from 150 to3000 mm. The core is made in two or four sec-tions. for mounting between the rotor and thenearest bearing on the side of the rotor with o utslip rings. The transformer uses special mag-netic iron and has a uniformly distributed wind-ing and a test winding for testing the relay. Tomount the shaft-current transformer around thleshaft, an axial distance of 250 mm or more isrecommended. The inner diameter of the shaft-current transformer should be at least 20 mmlarger than the shaft diameter.

The test switch enables a complete test ofRARIC and the shaft-current transformer.

RAGUADead machine relayThe RAGUA is a three-phase static overcur-rent relay with voltage supervision.

It includes instantaneous overcurrent relays,type RXIB 24, which are permitted to tri p onlyafter the generator voltage has dropped belowa set value, e.g. 85% of nominal voltage for acertain set period.

The voltage is supervised by voltage relay,RXEG, in two phases (separately fused) whichare both required to operate to permit tripping.

This prevents a false operation in case of re-moved or blown fuses in the voltage circuit.A flag relay, RXSF 1, is incorporated to alarmfor voltage disagreement and trip.

The undervoltage relays controi two RXKE tim-ers. One timer is used to ensure that trippingwill not be delayed by momentary generatortransients greater than the setting of the volt-age relays. During normal startup, this timerkeeps RAGUA in service beyond 85% voltagerelay setting.The other timer delays tripping when both un-dervoltage relays operate. This time is essentiai

1 MDBO2(JIO6-EN

A88 Network Controi& Protection


as close-in faults may drop the generator volt-age below the undervoltage setting. It also pro-vides supplementary backup protection forclose-in faults. A two second delay is recom-mended.

RASA 4Synchronizing relay

RASA 4 is a four seat plug-in unit that clontainstwo voltage input-transformers, static measu-ring-circuits, blocking and output relays for thesynchronization of breakers. The input trans-former, which is connected to the network volt-age, provides the relay with auxiliary vol1:ageafter rectification and smoothing. The other in-put transformer is supplied with the differencebetween the network voltage and generatedvoltage when an external synchronizing--switchis active.

A blocking relay prevents an output signal incase the output relay is closed when the exter-nal synchronizing switch is activated. The LEDon the front indicates blocking.

A front-connected screw terminal panel base,RXZ 41 , can be used for surface mountirlg ofRASA 4. The four-seat plug in unit can also bemounted in a 19" equipment frame or RHGXpanel mounting case together with other relays.

(92664)

Technical dataDisturbance test:1 MHz burst test

Auxiliary dc voltage

Output contact data

Weight

Dimension

2.5 kV, 2 s

48,110, 125 or 250 V

See type RXMS 1

approx. 30 kg

4U rack + 4U plate or8U rack

Common data, uniessotherwise specified

Permissible ambienttemperature

Permissable range ofauxiliary voltage supply

Output contacts

Interposing CT'sTwo different types may be used depending onrequired secondary rated current. The standardsecondary rating is 1 A, but the minimum primaryoperating current of RADSG is reduced by fiftypercent by selecting a 2 A rating. Alarger mainCT secondary loop resistance is then permitted.

Insulation tests:Dielectric testcurrent circuitsother circuits

50 Hz, 2.5 kV, 1 min50 Hz, 2.0 kV, 1 min

5 kV; 1 .2/50 ILS, 0.5 Jacc to IEC 255-5

The relay are as-sembled on bars formounting in 19" racksor cages for flushmounting, uniess otherspecified. Connection ismade with COMBIFLEXsockets.

Impulse voltage testSLCE12

140f700 t700f700t350f700t

0.3/8 ohms8/8 ohms2/8 ohms

Mounting andconnection

Knee-point voltage (at 1.6 T) = 300 V rmsMagnetizing impedance (ZM) = 6.9 kohms

SLXE 4

1 or 2 A

5~O Hz

240/600 t 0.5/3.5 ohms

2AO.5A

Knee-point voltage (at 1.6 T) = 400 V rmsMagnetizing impedance (lM) = 3.8 kohms

Note:When calculating the minimum primary operatingcurrent of RADSG, the magnetizing impedancesof the mai n and auxiliary CT's must be taken intaaccount.

0.5 A5A

10 Arms, 1200 V PIV

1-3 ms8-13 ms

RADSG

Rated current

Rated frequency

Maximum continuouscurrent inrestraint circuitdifferential circuit

Short time current indifferential circuit at50 s1 s

Input diode rating

Operate time (SR + dR)to trip

-5°C to +55°C

80-110% of rated value

Reference is made tothe output modulesdescribed in other cata-logues, in general auxil-iary relays

ABB Network ControI& Protection

1 MDBO2006-I:N


Table 1 RADSG settings and approximate operating values

Pr is the heat dissipation in resistors Rd3 and Rs at rated through load IT3r = 2 A.Recommended standard setting: S = 0.2, Rd3 = 5.0 ohms.When 5/1 A auxiliary CT's are used the totalloop-resistance permitted in the 5 A circuits is:Rx2 = 167/52 = 6.7 ohm

Stator earth fault relays

The data below is valid for RAGEA and parts referring to fundamentalfrequencies are also valid for the 95% relay

Operating values

Power consumption(at voltage = lowest setting)

1.5mVA2mVA

40-120 V 500 V 500 V 15 mVA

Third harmonic RXIG 21with filter (RAGEA)

Supervision RXEG 21(RAGEA)

Supervision RXIG 21(RAGEA) 1-3 A 20A 110A 15 mVA

Time delay:Fundamental (RXKE 1)3rd harmonic (RXKE 1)

0.02-99 s0.02-99 s

Rated frequency

Auxiliary dc supply voltage

Resetting ratio

Filter characteristic

50 or 60 Hz

24,48--60,110-125,220-250 V

?95% DV, 5.110% UV (third harmonic)

Fundamental filter rejects thirdharmonic by 18:1Third harmonic filter reject1)fundamental by 30:1

DimensionRAGEA95% relay

Output contacts data

4U BOG4U 24G

See RXIG 28, RXSF and RXKE

1) The rejection of the fundamental can be increased to approximately 80:1 by connecting therelay via an adjustable resistor to an auxiliary voltage transformer with winding for fundamentalfrequency compensation (altemative 1 in the terminal diagram). Suitable transformer is typeSLMF 121 for 120, 240/120, 132 V, 50 and 60 Hz. The resistor should be 30 ohms, 10 W forthe 0.15-0.45 V third harmoni c relay and 250 ohms, 5 W for 0.4-1.2 V relay.


1 MDBO2006-EN


RAGRA rotor earth fault relay

Operate valuesRdc alarm Adjustable 1-5 kohmRdc trip Adjustable 0.2-1 kohmRac trip 50/60 mA at 50/60 Hz

corresponds to1-6.5/0.3-3 kohm atUn = 200 V2.5-13/1-10 kohm atUn = 500 V2-2511-20 kohm atUn = 800 V(Un = phase voltageon ac side of excitationsystem)

4U 30C480 x 300 x 250 mm(H x W x D)

See RXSF 1

DimensionsMeasuring relay unitVoltage injection unit

Contact data

< 150%< 120%< 120%

5sAdjustable 0.5-3 s5s

1800 V dc2700 V dc5900 V dc

1100 V ac

Reset ratioRdc alarmRdc tripRac trip

Time--{jelay on pick-upRdc alarmRdc tripRac trip

Maximum excitationvoltageContinuouslyFor10sFor 1 s

Maximum permittedmain voltage on the acsideIf the machine is to betripped for an ac earthfault

If the machine is not tobe tripped for an acearth fault

Auxiliary voltage EL

800Vac

110-120 V or220-240 V, 50 or 60 Hz

.t.2% if Cj > 2 ~F.t.10%ifCj<2~F

0-5 ~F

RXNB 4 rotor earth fault relay

Operate value Approx. 2 kohm atUx = OV and45 kohm at Ux = 300 V

Alternativelyapprox. 5 kohm atUx = OV and245 kohm atUx = 600 VSee Fig. 2

approx. 40 V,50 or 60 Hz

Max. 28 VA PF = 0.3Max. 36 VA PF = 0.4 Negligible

Operate valuedependency on varia-tions in the supplyvoltage

Operate value depen-dency upon harmonicsin the field voltage

Reset value

Negligible influence of250 V, 150 Hz

120-140% of operatevalue, see Fig. 2

Approx. 11 s

5 kV, 50 Hz for1 min

1.5 kV, 50 Hz for1 min

Operate delay

Injection voltage Umbetween the field circuitand earth

Input resistance2.5 kV, 2 s2.5 kV, 2 S4-8 kV, 2 min

48Vdc

Approx. 4.5 kohm at300 Vand approx.14 kohm at 600 V exci.tation voltage

3 kohm at 300 Vand10 kohm at 600 V exci.tation voltage

Value of the resistors inthe resistor unit5.2 kg

17 kg

Permitted variation infrequency of EL

Permitted capacitancein excitation circuit toearth Cj

Injected voltagebetween excitationcircuit and earth

Power consumptionfrom aux. voltage ELat50Hzat 60 Hz

Insulation tests:Dielectric test voltagebetweeninjection circuitand earthed cage,aux. voltage

Contacts and equip-ment frame, measuringunit

Disturbance tests:1 MHz burst testCommon modeTransverse modeFast transient test

WeightMeasuring relay unitVoltage injection unit


1 MDBO2006-Elt'IJ


Maximum permittedfield voltage

300 V continuous800 V for 9 secondsAlternatively600 V continuous1500 V for 9 seconds

100-120 V or220-240 V, 5Q--60 Hz

Insulation test:Dielectric test

Disturbance test:1 MHz burst test

Weight

Dimension

Contacts

Contact data

50 Hz, 5 kV, 1 min

2.5 kV, 2 s

Approx. 4 kg

4U 30C

Two change--over

See RXMM 1

Supply voltage, U1

Power consumption:Supply voltage circuit Approx. 5 VA at 110 V

Approx. 6 VA at 220 V

Approx. 25 W atUx = 300 V or 600 Vof which approx. 20 Win the chain of resistors

Measuring circuit

Curve AInsulation

kA I resistance

Curve BInsulation

OA

250

200

150

100

7,5-

..3OOV U, »O ,

Contribution U. from the excitation voltage Contribution U. (rom the excitation voltage (2006-2)

Fig. 2 Operate range RXNB 4. Curve A valid for the relay version 300 Vand curve B valid forrelay version up to 600 V excitation voltage

MIIV

RAGPC loss of excitation relay

Rated current, In 1 or 5 A

Rated voltage, Un 100-120 V, 50 or 60 Hz

Auxiliary voltage, EL 24, 48-55, 110-125 or220-250 V dc

Power consumption See RXPE 40

Scale ranges for Is = 1 A 5 ADirectional relay 0.1-0.4 A 1-4 AOvercurrent relay 0.5-1.5 A 2.5-7.5 AUndervoltage relay 40-120 V 40-120 V

Time range (RXKF) 0.08-1.2 s

Disturbance test:1 MHz burst testcommon modetransverse mode

Output relay conIactdala

Weight

Dimensions

(1-3) x 3 or x 7% of IM

(1-4) x40rx 10% of IM

>95%

1-63 s in steps of 1 s

0.1 s or 6 s (settable)

<2%

OperationAlarm level

Start level

Resetting ratio

K-value

Operate time for alarm

Consistency

Operate time fortripping

Consistency

acc. to Fig. 3

<3%

K.1702b< 5%

2.5 kV, 2 s1.0 kV, 2 s

See RXSF 1

approx. 6 kg

4U 42C

10W13W

< 0.1 VA/phase< 0.2 VA/phase

Cooling down time, ta

Consistency

Power consumption inauxiliary voltage circuitsBefore operationAfter operation

Power consumption ininput circuits atIn = 1 or 2 A

In=5A

Disturbance tests:Power frequency testFast transient test

1 MHz burst testcommon modetransverse mode

50 Hz. 0.5 kV. 2 min4-8 kV. 2 min

RARIB negative sequence current relay

Rated current, In 1, 2 or 5 A

Setting, IM (0.7-1.1)xln

Rated frequency 50 or 60 Hz

Auxiliary dc voltage, EL 24-36, 48-60 or110-250 V

2.5 kV, 2 s1.0 kV, 2 s


1 MDBO2006-EN


Auxiliary voltagedependencyOperate time

Operate value

< 0.13%/% voltagechange< 0.01 %1% voltagechange

< O.13%rC< O.O5°lol°C

< 1% equivalent In c< 1.5% equivalent fnsc

3 make contacts for tripduty, see RXMM 1

TemperaturedependencyOperate timeOperate value

Frequency dependencyWithin +2 HzWith in :t:S Hz

Output contactsand data

Output current fromoptional instrumentamplifier

Dimension

4-20 mA correspondingto 0-50% Insc

4U 42C

(2006-3)

Fig. 3 Time delay to generate RARIB

(RXPE 40) reverse power relay

Current scales(mA)

Max. current (A)Continuous for 1 s

Burden at lowestsetting (mVA)

5-2010-4030-120100-400

1.22.2615

2550120350

0.080.080.080.12

Auxiliary dc voltage and power consumption

Continuous

(W)

After operation (W)

Versions with1 time step1)

--Voltage rating

(V) Versions with2 time steps1)

3.03.94.5-6.17.7-10.1

3.74.85.5-7.49.1-12.2

2448110/125220/250

1.01.92.4-3.34.~.5

1) for relays with trjpreIay RXME18add 1 W

Rated ac voltage 110 V, 50-60 Hz

Time range 0.2-3 or 2-30 s(RXKF)

Contact data See RXME 18, RXKF 1and RXSF 1

For more detailed technical data see descriptionsfor RXPE, RXKF and aux. relays. Please nate thatthe current rating can not be increased by using acurrent-limiting modul e with di odes when RXPE40 is used as reverse power relay for generators.

100,110 and 220 V50-60 Hz

Auxiliary voltageRARIC

Setling range (RXIK) Adjustable 0.5-2 mA,50-60 Hz

Approx. 2 VAApprox. 8 VA

Adjustable 2 to 30 s

Operate shaft current atsetting 0.5 mA andshaft diameters150-3000 mm

Version 1 50 Hz, 0.5 kV, 2 min4-8 kV, 2 min2.5 kV, 2 s

See RXME 18, RXMA 1and RXKF 1

Power consumptionBefore operationAfter operation

TimHelay

Disturbance tests:Power frequency testFast transient test1 MHz burst test

Contact dataVersion 2

Reset ratio

Filter characteristic,version 2

Inputimpedance

0.25-0.8 A,50-60 Hz

0.25-0.8 A, 150 Hz

>90%

The filter rejects thefundamental by 70:1

80 ohm resistive


1 MDBO2006-EN


Weight Version 1: 4 kgVersion 2: 5 kg

Version 1: 4U 24CVersion 2: 4U 36C

0.2-0.4 Hz (adjustable)2HzDimensions

RAGUA

Rated frequency

Scale ranges for

Current

10%1)

50 or 60 Hz

Maximum operate fre-quency differenceVersion AVersion B

Permitted voltagedifference, U1-U2

Maximum phase-angledifference at synchro-nizingVersion AVersion B

See catalogueRXIB 24

See catalogueRXEG 21

20 ms-99 s

<8ms

Approx. 100Approx. 150 (with circuitbreaker time = 40 ms)

Voltage

Time range, RXKE 1

Operate time

Auxiliary dc voltageEL and AL

Dimensions

Weight

Contact data

48,110,125,220 or250 V

4U 48C

6.7 kg

Six make contacts fortrip duty, RXMS 1 andRXSF 1.

RASA 4

Rated voltageU1 and U2

Reconnectible for110-120 Vand220-240 V

5G-60 Hz

Lead time (version A)at 0.2 Hzat 0.4 Hz

Duration of synchroniz-ing pulseVersion AVersion B

Power consumptionU1 circuitU2 circuit

Contact data

Disturbance test:1 MHz burst testCommon modeTransverse mode

Weight, both versions

Dimension1) The relay operates forence, but for the best pershould be limited to 10%Rated frequency

Diagrams

(2006--4)

Fig.4 RADSG differential relayTerminal diagram 7417 024-MA

Approx. 100 msApprox. 30 ms

150-250 ms60-90 ms

Approx. 4 VAApprox. 0.5 VA

See RXMM 1

2.5 kV, 2 s1 kV, 2 s

1.45kg

4U 12Cup to 18% voltage differ-formances

the difference

ASS Network Controi& Protection


1101

11Q7 ,1191125 '1~

4U307 319 1325 1-

(2006-6)

(RXNB 4) rotor earth fault relayTerminal diagram 7432 0O19-ABB

I I"'El

RAGRA rotor earth fault relayTerminal diagram 7452 514-ABA

Fig.7


1 MDBO2006-E;N


Diagrams (cont'd)

~uc

101 RTXP 18107 RXPE40119 RxIG 2131 RXTMA 1319 RXEG 2331 RXKF 1337 RXSF 1

1) Tripping etc.2) Alarm etc.

I I'Ul-

(2006--8)

Fig.8 RAGPC loss of excitation relayTerminal diagram 7452 461-GAA

L1 L2 LJ(R)(S)(T)

I I !

4U

101 RTXP 18107 RXTUG 21H113 RXTBIC 4125 RXIEK2H131 RXKF 1337 RXMM 1

1) Instrument for Insc %to be ordered separately

2) Tripping etc.3) Blocking of new start, indication etc4) Start alarm5) Delayed alarm6) Alarm, tripping etc.7) Alarm, loss of aux. voltage

30C

4U

101 RTXP18107 RXPE40119 RXTMB 1125.325 RXKF 1319 RXSF 1

1) Tripping etc.2) Alarm etc.3) Event recorder4) Aux. contact on turbine stop cojl

I.I(R>L~ -s;---r L3<n--r+ ---n+---'

r-- .-=- .--,,--.

A f <

SYNCImN I Z I NG PULSE

I I I

I h ~--il [ --tt I-= T1rij- i"\ ---:il!

I' I ~~~~ [ --~,.I .I U --l I I

---fuc:~:;:;~ I IIII I IIIL__~ --+ ;..J

RASA synchronizing relay il ~Terminal diagram 5891 027-1

Fig.11(2006-11

Ordering Mounting:.The assemblies are provided on apparatus

bars. When addition al mounting is requiredspecify a 4U equipment frame for 19" rackmounting or a type RHGX 8, 12 or 20 case forpanel mounting.

Specify:.Type and/or designation.Ordering No.

.Quantity.Auxiliary voltage, rated current, voltage

and frequency when appropriate.Other product specific data, see respective

product

I DeSi9nation I Or~ring No. I Specific data---

I DiagramsTerminal/Circuit

I

Differentiai-r:e-iay

RADSG Version ARADSG Version B(BU rack)

7417 024- MA/-M7417024- BAA-/-BA

RK 637 022-AARK 637 022-BA

Specify Rd3 setting(standard = 5 ohms)

---Interposing CT'sSLCE 12 5/1 ASLCE 12 2/1 ASLCE 12 1/1 ASLXE 4 5/2 A

4785 04o-BFB4785 04o-BFL4785 04o-BFC4785 04o-BEB

-

I Specify scale range

for fundamental relay

RXIG 28.

I

7452469-AAN-AA

7452469-CAN-CA

!

RK 641 0O8-AA

RK 641 0O8-CA

Specity scale rangefor third harmonicrelay RXIG 21 andsupervision byRXEG 21 or RXIG21.

7452467-ABA/-AB RK 646 011-AB

RK 646 011-GB

RK 646 012-AB

RK 646 012-GB

4781 02G-UK

7452467-CBA/-CB

7452467-ABA/-AB

7452467-GBA/-CB

I

Stator earth faUlt-relays

95% relayI without flag

with flag

RAGEA 100% relaywith voltage supervisionand no flagswith voltage supervisionand flagswith current supervisionand no flagswith current supervisionand flagsCompensation voltagetransformer SLMF 121

Rotor earth fault relays(RXNB 4)max. voltage 300 Vmax. voltage 600 Vprotective resistor formax. voltage 300 Vmax. voltage 600 V

RAGRA

7432 0O19-ABB/-AB7432 0O19-ABB/-AB

I

RK 641 007-B8RK 641 007-AB

-

7452514-ABA/-AB

I RK 795102-ACRK 795 102-AB

i

i RK 643 0O4-AA !specity ac auxma-ryvoltage


1 MDBO2006-I:N


Designation

Loss of excitation relayRAGPC

Negative sequence cur-rent relay RARIB

Optional: built-in'amplilfierand separately deliveredinstrument for remote indi-cation of Insc

Diagrams Ordering No. Specific data

7452461-CAA/-CA I RK 641 01O-CA

Specify cooling do~'ntime facto r K x (170,85,42,21,10,5.2 or2.6)Alarm and startlevelsversion 1: 3-9 resp.4-16%version 2: 7-21 resp.10-40%

7452 509-GAA/-GA RK 648 012-CA

Reverse power relaywith RXPE 40

withtrip relay flag relayRXME18 RXSF1

One time step, no phase-angle correction unit

7432 0O8D-ACAI-AC I RK 651 21D-A87432 080D-BCAI-BC RK 651 210-88

xx

One time step, with phase-angle correction unit

7482 0O88-ABA/AB7482 0O88-BBA/-BB

I RK 651 24Q-AARK 651 24Q-BA

xx

Two time steps, no phase-angle correction unit 7432 0O89-ABA/-AB RK 651 241-AA xTwo time steps, with phase-angle correction unit 7432 0O89-BBA/-BB RK 651 241-BA x

Specify ac auxiliaryvoltage

Specify innerdiameter

7429 01D-ACA/-AC7429 O 1D-FBA/-FB

RK 649 101-AGRK649101-FB

I Shaft current relayRARICversion 1 (standard)version 2Option: shaft current trans-former ILDD

I Dead machine relayRAGUA

Specify scale rangesof RXIB 24 andRXEG 21, see techndata and resp. cata..logue

7452319-ABA/-AB RK 646 015-AB

I Synchronizing relayRASAversion Aversion B

Note: delivered asplug-in unit. An addi-tional terminal orpanel base is re-quired

RK 861 0O1-ABRK 861 0O1-BA

-

Panel base RXZ 41 RK 928 0O4-M

Other protection relays, see respective description

Refl~rences 1 MDBO8003-EN1 MDBO8005-EN

1 MDBO8006-EN1MDBO8007-EN1 MDBO9004-EN

RXEGRXPERAKZBRADHA

1 MDBO9009-EN1 MDBO9011-EN1 MDBO9016-EN1MDBO9017-EN

AGO3-4005E

Auxiliary relaysTime relaysCurrent and voltagerelaysFrequency relaysRXIG Application Guide

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