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Nano Technology in Textile Application

National Taipei Uiversity of Technology

Professor: Syang-Peng Rwei

Sept. 27, 2006

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Introduction Nano Material Definition: 1 – 100 nm, many Ph

ysical properties are affected such as melting temperature, conductivity, UV absorption.

Nano powder, Nano Fiber and Nonwoven, or Nanopattern on membrane or bulk-surface.

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Share of production by end-uses

33% 23%

44%

Industrial and technical textiles

Apparel

Interior & household

Based on volume produced 2004

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Increasing customer demands

Hydrophobic Hydrophilic Anti-bacterial Barrier/Breathability Antistatic Stretch Smart/Intelligent Flame retardancy UV-absorption

Added value

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Nano technology in textile application

型態 關鍵技術 運用奈米微粉 (Powder) 奈米尺寸材

料

維結構控制、微粒化技術母粒製造、表面處理、相容化劑

機能添加劑、光觸媒、反應劑染顏料

奈米纖維(Fiber)

奈米尺寸纖維製造自我組織技術 各式機能性纖維、吸附過濾材無

機纖維、補強材、衣著、傢飾

奈米尺寸材料應用

混練、分散技術、後加工處理、複合紡絲

薄膜(Membrane)

熔膠凝膠技術、分散技術、雙軸延伸技術

各式機能性薄膜、過濾材、包裝材耐熱材料、接著材、光控薄膜

Macromolecule

合成、插層、分散技術分子控制

機能性高分子、補強材、包裝材、薄膜、塗佈材料

生物擬態材料 (Sol-Gel)

奈米技術應用

生物構造模擬、蛋白質合成基因重組、控制 高強力蜘蛛絲、細菌纖維素纖維

微機電 (Mems)

Nanoprint, Biochip

細微加工技術 智慧型織物、紡織設備、細微零件

檢測 (measuring)

  檢測技術 各式檢驗

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Examples of functions imparted

Within the bulk of fiber On the surface of fiber In the structure of yarns

and fabrics In the coated/Laminated

layer

High modulus/strength Water repellency Permeability, strength

Barrier/comfort

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The methods of producing nanofibers

1. Self-assembly 2. Bacteria Celluose 3. Nanofibers spinning

--Conjugate spinning

--Electro spinning

--Produced nanofiber in polymerization

--Molecule discotics spinning

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1. Self-assembly method Self-assembly method ( SAM) is nano material system re

gulation another essential method. At present still was the research trial scope, has not been able the commercial use.

分子的自我組成為固態晶格結構、化學鍵和凡德瓦力(Van der Waals) 的交互作用力 ( 又稱為分子辨識 Molecular recognition) ， Forms the bigger special geometry shape the atom or the molecular unit polymer.

Using the high polymer self- composition and the polymerization, at present the scientists can make most minor diameter 3nm nano level textile fiber .

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2. Bacteria Celluose Microorganism grows the textile fiber diameter using As

edobakuda Aseti approximately between the 20~50nm bacterium cellulose.(Nonwoven membrane)

This textile fiber has crystal high ， modulus ， The use machine uses the cloth membrane to the acoustic loudspeaker gill.

Chemical structure of Kadoran

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3.1 Nanofibers spinning – Conjugate spinning Conjugate spinning pr

oduced S/I fiber 。 At present in the labo

ratory has been able to make 1,100 islands 0.001d (approximately 100nm) microfiber 。

S/I fiber

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3.2. Nanofibers spinning – Electro spinning Drawing polymer in the electric field 。 Latent applies to does nonweave primarily, like separati

on membrane, medical surgical dressing, light quality compound material and wisdom textile fiber and so on.

Electro spinning model

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Nanofibers spinning – Electro spinning

ElectroSpun polyester fibers x3000

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3.3 Nanofibers spinning –Produced nanofiber in polymerization

This method may make the diameter is only 30~50nm, namely only approximately ordinary textile fiber diameter 1 crystal textile fiber.

Utilizes to the compound material, the electronic installation, including the automobile part, the electronic installation, the rope, fishes the line and the sports facility.

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This PE fiber have higher strength

PE fiber’s molecular weight is 10 time in general PE fiber PE nanofiber

3.3 Nanofibers spinning –Produced nanofiber in polymerization

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3.4 Nanofibers spinning – Molecule discotics spinning Polymer solution or liquid spinning 。 Monomer spinning 。

Molecule discotics spinning model

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Nanofibers with added value function

Anti-bacterial Flame retardancy UV-absorption Electro-conductivity Viscosity adjustment

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Market potential for anti-microbial fibers

18%

8% 12% 4%

19%

8%19% 12%

Mens underwear 8%

Fibrefill 12%

Domestic textiles 19%

Functional underwear 4%

Active sportswear 12%

Outerwear 8%

Socks 18%

Lingerie, Tights 19%source ： Trevira

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Electro-conductive fibers

Anti-static apparel

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Electro-conductive fibers

Smart clothing

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Plasma Coating

Ceramic coating on textile fabrics Simulating Nanopriniting

Oil repellency test according to AATCC 118

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Multifunctionality of Microstructured Surfaces

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Generating Color Effects by Surface Topography

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Dendritic polymers

http://www.hyperpolymers.com/prodinf.html

dendrimers hyperbranched

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Dendritic polymer Synthesis

http://www.ninger.com/dendrimer/index.htm

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Viscosity comparison with Regular Acrylic Polymers

Boltorn® P500

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Nanopowder for Flame Retardant

Reconsidering nano scale Al(OH)3 , A Nonhalogen and nonphosphorous compound.

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Patents guide

Subject Nr. Of patents

Textil & fibers

Coating & textile

Nanotechnology

Nanofibers

Nano & textile

5825

4656

108

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11(JP,DE,US)

USA

European

Rest of World

42%

36%

22%

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Market potentials of nanotechnology relevant technical textiles in the year 2010

Protective Clothing 0.3 million tons Medical and Hygiene 2.4 million tons Sport and Leisurewear 1.4 million tons Transporatation 2.3 million tons Environmental protection 0.4 million tons Industrial applications 3.2 million tons Professional clothes 1.6 million tons

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Nanotechnolgy based market outlookNanotechnolgy based market outlook

The total fiber consumption of the seven market segments amounts to 11.6 million tons with an estimated product value of ca us ＄ 60 billion in the 2010. Assuming that in the year 2010, 20% of the these products will be made by using nanotechnology means that the estimated market value for these products that year will be ca US ＄ 12 billion.

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Thank you for your attentionThank you for your attention