1 technology in action. 2 midterm exam study guide the exam the exam review review lab exercises 1...

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Technology In ActionTechnology In Action

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Midterm Exam Study GuideMidterm Exam Study Guide

The ExamThe ExamReviewReview

Lab Exercises 1 and 2Lab Exercises 1 and 2Technology in Focuses 1 and 2Technology in Focuses 1 and 2Sound-bytes 1 to 5Sound-bytes 1 to 5Chapters 1 to 5Chapters 1 to 5

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The Midterm ExamThe Midterm Exam WhenWhen

Tuesday, Feb 19, 2008Tuesday, Feb 19, 2008 5:30 – 6:45pm5:30 – 6:45pm MSB 115MSB 115

15 % of your final grade15 % of your final grade CoversCovers

Chapters 1 to 5Chapters 1 to 5 Sound-bytes 1 to 5Sound-bytes 1 to 5 Technology in Focus 1 and 2Technology in Focus 1 and 2 Lab exercises 1 and 2Lab exercises 1 and 2

This is an open-notes exam. All in-class hand-outs are This is an open-notes exam. All in-class hand-outs are allowed. allowed.

Writing on your notes is ok!Writing on your notes is ok! You may not use a textbook, a computer, or any You may not use a textbook, a computer, or any

electronic device.electronic device.

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Exam QuestionsExam Questions

Multiple-choice questionsMultiple-choice questions

____________terminals (formerly known as ____________terminals (formerly known as cash registers) are often connected to complex cash registers) are often connected to complex inventory and sales computer systems.inventory and sales computer systems.

A. DataA. Data B. Point-of-sale (POS)B. Point-of-sale (POS)C. SalesC. Sales D. QueryD. Query

Answer: BAnswer: BReference: Ch 1:Computers in Retail - Let Me Look That Up for YouReference: Ch 1:Computers in Retail - Let Me Look That Up for You

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Exam QuestionsExam Questions

True/False questionsTrue/False questions

A dial-up connection is considered to be one A dial-up connection is considered to be one of the fastest forms of Internet connection.of the fastest forms of Internet connection.

Answer: False (slowest)Answer: False (slowest)

Reference: Ch 3:Connecting to the InternetReference: Ch 3:Connecting to the Internet

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Exam QuestionsExam QuestionsMatching questionsMatching questions

Match the following terms with their meanings:Match the following terms with their meanings: A. storage deviceA. storage device B. output deviceB. output device C. input deviceC. input device D. a type of memoryD. a type of memory E. processorE. processor

1.1. _____ printer_____ printer2.2. _____ scanner_____ scanner3.3. _____ RAM_____ RAM4.4. _____ CPU_____ CPU5.5. _____ CD drive_____ CD drive

Answer: B, C, D, E, AAnswer: B, C, D, E, A Reference: Ch 1: Computer HardwareReference: Ch 1: Computer Hardware

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Lab ExercisesLab Exercises Lab exercise 1Lab exercise 1

1.1. Using kent.edu FlashmailUsing kent.edu Flashmail

2.2. Explore your own computer systemExplore your own computer system

3.3. Shop for a computer systemShop for a computer system

Lab exercise 2: ExcelLab exercise 2: Excel1.1. Creating formulas and performing data analysisCreating formulas and performing data analysis

2.2. Creating a new chart using the wizardCreating a new chart using the wizard

3.3. Creating web queriesCreating web queries

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Technology in FocusesTechnology in Focuses

1.1. Technology in Focus 1: Careers in ITTechnology in Focus 1: Careers in IT

2.2. Technology in Focus 2: Digital Technology in Focus 2: Digital EntertainmentEntertainment

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Sound-bytesSound-bytes

1.1. Questions to Ask Before You Buy a Questions to Ask Before You Buy a ComputerComputer

2.2. Port Tour: How do I Hook it Up?Port Tour: How do I Hook it Up?

3.3. Connecting to the InternetConnecting to the Internet

4.4. Creating Web Queries with Excel 2007Creating Web Queries with Excel 2007

5.5. File ManagementFile Management

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Chapter 1: Why Computers Matter to Chapter 1: Why Computers Matter to You: Becoming Computer FluentYou: Becoming Computer Fluent

TopicsTopicsComputer fluencyComputer fluencyComputers and careersComputers and careersComputer functionsComputer functionsData vs. information Data vs. information Computer hardware and softwareComputer hardware and softwareSocietal challenges and computersSocietal challenges and computersFuture technologiesFuture technologies

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Chapter 1 Summary QuestionsChapter 1 Summary Questions

What does it mean to be “computer What does it mean to be “computer fluent”?fluent”?

Computer fluent goes beyond knowing how to Computer fluent goes beyond knowing how to use mouse and send e-mail.use mouse and send e-mail.BBeing familiar enough with computers that you eing familiar enough with computers that you understand their capabilities and limitationsunderstand their capabilities and limitationsKnow how to use them wiselyKnow how to use them wisely

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What is a savvy computer user and consumer?What is a savvy computer user and consumer?

Know how a computer is constructed and how its Know how a computer is constructed and how its parts function.parts function.

Being a savvy consumer will help you accomplish all Being a savvy consumer will help you accomplish all the things here.the things here.

It will save you moneyIt will save you money Make you more productiveMake you more productive Help you protect your identityHelp you protect your identity Have a working system when you need itHave a working system when you need it As technology evolves, you will also be able to keep up and As technology evolves, you will also be able to keep up and

adaptadapt

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How can becoming computer fluent help you in a How can becoming computer fluent help you in a career?career?

A research has found that employees who use a A research has found that employees who use a computer on the job earn about 10 percent more than computer on the job earn about 10 percent more than those who don’t.those who don’t.

Becoming truly computer fluent—understanding the Becoming truly computer fluent—understanding the capabilities and limitations of computers and what you capabilities and limitations of computers and what you can do with them—will undoubtedly help you perform can do with them—will undoubtedly help you perform your job more effectively.your job more effectively.

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What are some future technologies?What are some future technologies?

In artsIn arts In medical fieldIn medical field In law enforcementIn law enforcement In legal fieldsIn legal fields In educationIn education In sportIn sport In scienceIn science At homeAt home

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What kinds of challenges do computers What kinds of challenges do computers bring to society?bring to society?

Computer use ethicsComputer use ethicsPrivacy risksPrivacy risksPersonal data collectionPersonal data collectionMonitoring e-mailMonitoring e-mailCopyright infringement Copyright infringement Software piracySoftware piracy

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What are a computer’s four main What are a computer’s four main functions?functions?

Four major functions:Four major functions:1.1. Input dataInput data

2.2. Process dataProcess data

3.3. Output informationOutput information

4.4. Store data and informationStore data and information

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What is the difference between data and What is the difference between data and information?information?

Data is a representation of a fact or idea.Data is a representation of a fact or idea. Information is data that has been organized or Information is data that has been organized or

presented in a meaningful fashion.presented in a meaningful fashion. Information is more powerful than raw data. Information is more powerful than raw data.

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What are a bit and a byte?What are a bit and a byte?

In order to process data into information, computers In order to process data into information, computers need to work in a language they understand. This need to work in a language they understand. This language, called language, called binary languagebinary language, consists of just , consists of just two digits: 0 and 1.two digits: 0 and 1.

Everything a computer does is broken down into a Everything a computer does is broken down into a series of 0s and 1s. Each 0 and 1 is a series of 0s and 1s. Each 0 and 1 is a binary digitbinary digit, or , or bitbit for short. for short.

Eight binary digits (or bits) combine to create 1 Eight binary digits (or bits) combine to create 1 bytebyte..

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What hardware does a computer use to perform What hardware does a computer use to perform its functions?its functions?

Computer hardware consists of all the real stuff a Computer hardware consists of all the real stuff a computer is made of. If you can drop it on the floor, it computer is made of. If you can drop it on the floor, it is hardware. is hardware.

Hardware devices include input devices like Hardware devices include input devices like keyboards, components in the system unit like keyboards, components in the system unit like microprocessors, output devices like monitors, and microprocessors, output devices like monitors, and storage devices like a hard drive.storage devices like a hard drive.

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What are the two main types of What are the two main types of software?software?

Software is the set of computer programs is the set of computer programs that enables the hardware to perform that enables the hardware to perform different tasks. different tasks.

There are two broad categories of softwareThere are two broad categories of software1.1. Application softwareApplication software

2.2. System softwareSystem software

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Chapter 1 Summary QuestionsChapter 1 Summary Questions What different kinds of computers are there?What different kinds of computers are there?

PDAsPDAs are small, one-task-at-a-time computers, that serve highly mobile are small, one-task-at-a-time computers, that serve highly mobile users.users.

ServersServers are powerful computers that control networks and often use are powerful computers that control networks and often use Unix as an operating system. Unix as an operating system.

MainframesMainframes are large, expensive multifaceted computers designed to are large, expensive multifaceted computers designed to handle thousands of users. handle thousands of users.

SupercomputersSupercomputers are large, fast computers assigned to concentrate on are large, fast computers assigned to concentrate on specific scientific tasks.specific scientific tasks.

Embedded computers Embedded computers are specially designed computer chips that are specially designed computer chips that reside inside other devices such as your car or your electronic reside inside other devices such as your car or your electronic thermostat in your home.thermostat in your home.

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Chapter 2: Looking at Computers: Chapter 2: Looking at Computers: Understanding the PartsUnderstanding the Parts

TopicsTopicsHardware componentsHardware components Input devicesInput devicesOutput devicesOutput devicesSystem unitSystem unitErgonomicsErgonomics

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What devices do you use to get data into the What devices do you use to get data into the computer?computer?

An An input deviceinput device enables you to enter data (text, enables you to enter data (text, images, and sounds) and instructions (user images, and sounds) and instructions (user responses and commands) into the computer. responses and commands) into the computer.

The most common input devices are the The most common input devices are the keyboardkeyboard and the and the mousemouse. .

There are other input devices as well: microphones There are other input devices as well: microphones input sounds, scanners and digital cameras input input sounds, scanners and digital cameras input nondigital text and digital images.nondigital text and digital images.

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Chapter 2 Summary QuestionsChapter 2 Summary Questions What devices enable us to see or hear the What devices enable us to see or hear the

processed information?processed information?

Output devices enable you to send processed data enable you to send processed data out of your computer. This can take the form of text, out of your computer. This can take the form of text, pictures (graphics), sounds (audio), and video. pictures (graphics), sounds (audio), and video.

One common output device is a One common output device is a monitormonitor, which , which displays text, graphics, and video as displays text, graphics, and video as soft copiessoft copies (copies you can see only on-screen). (copies you can see only on-screen).

Another common output device is the Another common output device is the printerprinter, which , which creates tangible or hard copies of text and graphics. creates tangible or hard copies of text and graphics.

Speakers are obviously the output devices for sound.Speakers are obviously the output devices for sound.

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Chapter 2 Summary QuestionsChapter 2 Summary Questions What’s on the front of your system unit?What’s on the front of your system unit?

The front panel of your computer provides you with The front panel of your computer provides you with access to power controls as well as to the storage access to power controls as well as to the storage devices on your computer. devices on your computer.

Your system has a power-on button on the front Your system has a power-on button on the front panel.panel.

Other features that can be seen on the front of your Other features that can be seen on the front of your system unit are system unit are drive bays—drive bays—special shelves reserved special shelves reserved for storage devices. for storage devices.

Some PCs include memory card readers and Some PCs include memory card readers and productivity ports on the front, including USB and productivity ports on the front, including USB and FireWire, used for peripherals and image FireWire, used for peripherals and image downloading.downloading.

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Chapter 2 Summary QuestionsChapter 2 Summary Questions What’s on the back of your system unit?What’s on the back of your system unit?

The ports on the back of the computer are mostly The ports on the back of the computer are mostly designed for long-term connections.designed for long-term connections.

The video port connects your monitor.The video port connects your monitor. Sound ports connect your speakers and microphone.Sound ports connect your speakers and microphone. Mouse and keyboard ports provide connecting points Mouse and keyboard ports provide connecting points

for these essential peripherals.for these essential peripherals. Network and modem ports provide communications Network and modem ports provide communications

capability.capability. USB and Firewire ports allow connection to a wide USB and Firewire ports allow connection to a wide

array of devices. array of devices.

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What’s inside your system unit?What’s inside your system unit?

The system unit contains the essential The system unit contains the essential components of a computer.components of a computer.

Inside is the power supply, motherboard, Inside is the power supply, motherboard, RAM, storage drives, expansion cards, and RAM, storage drives, expansion cards, and the central processing unit.the central processing unit.

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Chapter 2 Summary QuestionsChapter 2 Summary Questions How do you set up your computer to avoid strain and injury?How do you set up your computer to avoid strain and injury?

The following are some guidelines that can help you avoid discomfort, The following are some guidelines that can help you avoid discomfort, eyestrain, or injuries while you’re working at your computer:eyestrain, or injuries while you’re working at your computer:

Position your monitor correctly---Position your monitor correctly---at least 25 inches from your eyes and at eye at least 25 inches from your eyes and at eye level or so that it is at an angle 15 to 20 degrees below your line of sight.level or so that it is at an angle 15 to 20 degrees below your line of sight.

Purchase an adjustable chair. Purchase an adjustable chair. Adjust the height of your chair so that your feet Adjust the height of your chair so that your feet touch the floor and include back support.touch the floor and include back support.

Assume a proper position while typingAssume a proper position while typing. Your wrists should be flat with respect . Your wrists should be flat with respect to the keyboard and your forearms parallel to the floor. Specially designed to the keyboard and your forearms parallel to the floor. Specially designed ergonomic keyboards and wrist rests can help you achieve the proper position of ergonomic keyboards and wrist rests can help you achieve the proper position of your wrists.your wrists.

Take breaks from computer tasks.Take breaks from computer tasks.

Ensure that the lighting is adequate.Ensure that the lighting is adequate.

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Chapter 3: Using the Internet: Making Chapter 3: Using the Internet: Making the Most of the Web’s Resourcesthe Most of the Web’s Resources

TopicsTopics Internet communicationsInternet communications Internet multimediaInternet multimediaE-CommerceE-CommerceOnline annoyancesOnline annoyancesWeb browsers Web browsers URLsURLsHyperlinksHyperlinks

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More TopicsMore Topics

Search enginesSearch enginesWeb site evaluationWeb site evaluation Internet dataInternet data Internet service providersInternet service providers Internet basicsInternet basicsOrigin of the InternetOrigin of the InternetFuture of the InternetFuture of the Internet

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How can I communicate through the Internet?How can I communicate through the Internet?

Instant MessagingInstant Messaging Voice over InternetVoice over Internet WeblogsWeblogs PodcastsPodcasts Chat RoomsChat Rooms NewsgroupsNewsgroups E-mailE-mail


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What are the various kinds of Multimedia?What are the various kinds of Multimedia?

Multimedia Multimedia is anything that involves one or more is anything that involves one or more forms of media in addition to text. forms of media in addition to text.

All kinds of multimedia are available on the Web. One All kinds of multimedia are available on the Web. One can download music files, video files, and even can download music files, video files, and even movies. movies.

Streaming audio and video can deliver on-demand Streaming audio and video can deliver on-demand pictures and sounds. Sites like CNN.com offer clips pictures and sounds. Sites like CNN.com offer clips from their broadcasts.from their broadcasts.

Some files require a plug-in program like RealPlayer. Some files require a plug-in program like RealPlayer. In recent versions of Windows, Microsoft’s In recent versions of Windows, Microsoft’s MediaPlayer is built in and automatically loads when a MediaPlayer is built in and automatically loads when a music file is selected.music file is selected.


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What is e-commerce?What is e-commerce?

E-commerce is the business of conducting business E-commerce is the business of conducting business online. online.

In business-to-consumer or B2C transactions, such In business-to-consumer or B2C transactions, such as Amazon.com, the end buyer purchases goods or as Amazon.com, the end buyer purchases goods or services over the Internet. services over the Internet.

In business-to-business or B2B transactions, In business-to-business or B2B transactions, businesses sell to one another.businesses sell to one another.

In consumer-to-consumer C2C transactions, like In consumer-to-consumer C2C transactions, like Ebay.com, consumers sell to one another.Ebay.com, consumers sell to one another.


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What are cookies?What are cookies?

They are text files stored on client computers when They are text files stored on client computers when visiting Web sites.visiting Web sites.

Cookies are a necessary annoyance because they Cookies are a necessary annoyance because they enhance the Web experience and speed up Web enhance the Web experience and speed up Web page loading.page loading.

When you go to a Web page for the first time, the When you go to a Web page for the first time, the Web document drops a small text file in a folder. This Web document drops a small text file in a folder. This text file saves information about the user and assigns text file saves information about the user and assigns an identification code so that when the user returns, an identification code so that when the user returns, the same preferences are loaded and the Web site the same preferences are loaded and the Web site may be more geared to the user.may be more geared to the user.


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What is a Web browser?What is a Web browser?

Web browser is software installed on your Web browser is software installed on your computer system that allows you to locate, computer system that allows you to locate, view, and navigate the Web. view, and navigate the Web.

Web browsers are graphical, meaning they Web browsers are graphical, meaning they can display pictures (graphics) in addition to can display pictures (graphics) in addition to text, as well as other forms of multimedia, text, as well as other forms of multimedia, such as sound and video.such as sound and video.


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What is a URL and what are its parts?What is a URL and what are its parts?

A URL is a Web site’s address. It is composed of several parts A URL is a Web site’s address. It is composed of several parts that help identify the Web document for which it stands.that help identify the Web document for which it stands.

The first part of the URL indicates the set of rules (or the The first part of the URL indicates the set of rules (or the protocolprotocol) used to retrieve the specified document. HTTP is most ) used to retrieve the specified document. HTTP is most common. Another popular protocol is FTP.common. Another popular protocol is FTP.

The protocol is generally followed by a colon, two forward The protocol is generally followed by a colon, two forward slashes, slashes, wwwwww (indicating World Wide Web), and then the (indicating World Wide Web), and then the domain namedomain name. Domain names consist of two parts: the . Domain names consist of two parts: the hosthost and the and the top-level domain (TLD)top-level domain (TLD). .

At times, a forward slash and additional text follow the domain At times, a forward slash and additional text follow the domain namename.. The information after the slash indicates a particular file or The information after the slash indicates a particular file or pathpath (or (or subdirectorysubdirectory) within the Web site.) within the Web site.


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How can I use hyperlinks and other tools to get around the Web?How can I use hyperlinks and other tools to get around the Web?

Once you’ve reached a Web site, you can jump from Web page to Once you’ve reached a Web site, you can jump from Web page to another within the Web site or to another Web site altogether by clicking another within the Web site or to another Web site altogether by clicking on specially coded text called on specially coded text called hyperlinks.hyperlinks.

While browsing the Web, you may want to remember a site for future While browsing the Web, you may want to remember a site for future reference. Using the “Favorites” or “Bookmark” feature, the site’s URL is reference. Using the “Favorites” or “Bookmark” feature, the site’s URL is stored in a special folder.stored in a special folder.

A A search enginesearch engine is a set of programs that searches the Web for is a set of programs that searches the Web for specific specific keywordskeywords you wish to query and then returns a list of the Web you wish to query and then returns a list of the Web sites on which those keywords are found.sites on which those keywords are found.

A A subject directorysubject directory is a guide to the Internet organized by topics and is a guide to the Internet organized by topics and subtopics.subtopics.


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How do I search the Internet using search How do I search the Internet using search engines and subject directories?engines and subject directories?

The search engine software searches the indexed The search engine software searches the indexed data, pulling out relevant information according to data, pulling out relevant information according to your search.your search.

With a subject directory, you do not use keywords to With a subject directory, you do not use keywords to search the Web. Instead, after selecting the main search the Web. Instead, after selecting the main subject from the directory, you narrow your search by subject from the directory, you narrow your search by successively clicking on subfolders that match your successively clicking on subfolders that match your search until you have reached the appropriate search until you have reached the appropriate information. information.


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How does data travel on the Internet?How does data travel on the Internet?

The Internet is a huge client/server network. The Internet is a huge client/server network. Thus, a computer connected to the Internet Thus, a computer connected to the Internet acts in one of two ways: it is either a acts in one of two ways: it is either a clientclient, a , a computer that asks for data, or a computer that asks for data, or a serverserver,, a a computer that receives the request and computer that receives the request and returns the data to the client. returns the data to the client.


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What are my options for connecting to the What are my options for connecting to the Internet?Internet?

Dial-up connectionDial-up connection::Uses standard telephone lineUses standard telephone line

Broadband connections:Broadband connections:offer faster means to connect to the Internet. offer faster means to connect to the Internet.

Broadband connections include DSL, cable, and Broadband connections include DSL, cable, and satellitesatellite


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How do I choose an Internet service provider?How do I choose an Internet service provider?

The choice of Internet Service Provider should be The choice of Internet Service Provider should be based on cost versus service.based on cost versus service.

Factors to consider:Factors to consider: Customer serviceCustomer service Local access numbersLocal access numbers E-mail options E-mail options CostCost Trial periodTrial period


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What is the origin of the Internet?What is the origin of the Internet?

The Internet was created to respond to two The Internet was created to respond to two concerns: to establish a safe form of military concerns: to establish a safe form of military communications and to create a means by communications and to create a means by which all computers could communicate.which all computers could communicate.

Advanced Research Projects Agency NetworkAdvanced Research Projects Agency NetworkFunded by the U.S. government in the 1960sFunded by the U.S. government in the 1960s

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What does the Internet of the future look like?What does the Internet of the future look like?

The U.S. government sponsors research called the The U.S. government sponsors research called the Large Scale Networking (LSN) program, which funds Large Scale Networking (LSN) program, which funds cutting-edge research in wireless and networking cutting-edge research in wireless and networking technologies. technologies.

Another major effort is Internet2, a cooperative Another major effort is Internet2, a cooperative research project of over 200 universities. A major research project of over 200 universities. A major thrust of their research is increased bandwidth for the thrust of their research is increased bandwidth for the whole Internet.whole Internet.


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Chapter 4: Application Software: Chapter 4: Application Software: Programs That Let You Work and PlayPrograms That Let You Work and Play

TopicsTopics Application vs. system softwareApplication vs. system software Productivity softwareProductivity software Graphics and multimedia softwareGraphics and multimedia software Entertainment softwareEntertainment software Educational and reference softwareEducational and reference software Business software Business software Getting help with softwareGetting help with software Acquiring softwareAcquiring software Installing and uninstalling softwareInstalling and uninstalling software

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What’s the difference between application What’s the difference between application software and system software?software and system software?

System software System software helps run the computer and helps run the computer and coordinates instructions between application software coordinates instructions between application software and the computer’s hardware devices. System and the computer’s hardware devices. System software includes the software includes the operating systemoperating system, , utility utility programsprograms (programs often in the operating system (programs often in the operating system that help manage system resources), and device that help manage system resources), and device drivers.drivers.

Application softwareApplication software is what you use to do tasks at is what you use to do tasks at home, school, and work.home, school, and work.

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What kinds of applications are included in What kinds of applications are included in productivity software that you might use at productivity software that you might use at home?home?

Productivity softwareProductivity software includes programs that enable includes programs that enable you to perform various tasks generally required in you to perform various tasks generally required in home, school, and business.home, school, and business.

This category includes word processing, spreadsheetThis category includes word processing, spreadsheet, , presentation, database, and personal information presentation, database, and personal information manager (PIM) programsmanager (PIM) programs..

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Chapter 4 Summary QuestionsChapter 4 Summary Questions What are the different kinds of graphics and multimedia software? What are the different kinds of graphics and multimedia software?

Graphics softwareGraphics software encompasses a wide range of programs home encompasses a wide range of programs home users and professionals alike use to design and create attractive users and professionals alike use to design and create attractive documents, images, illustrations, and Web pages.documents, images, illustrations, and Web pages.

Graphics software allows engineers and other professionals to create Graphics software allows engineers and other professionals to create three-dimensional models and drawings to help them visualize three-dimensional models and drawings to help them visualize construction plans. construction plans.

Graphics software is a part of a larger group of software: multimedia Graphics software is a part of a larger group of software: multimedia software.software.

Multimedia softwareMultimedia software includes video and audio editing software, includes video and audio editing software, animation software, and other special software required to produce animation software, and other special software required to produce computer games. computer games.

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What are the different types of What are the different types of entertainment software? entertainment software?

Entertainment software Entertainment software isis designed to designed to provide users with entertainment.provide users with entertainment.

Computer games make up the vast majority of Computer games make up the vast majority of entertainment software. entertainment software.

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What is educational and reference software?What is educational and reference software?

Educational softwareEducational software refers to the variety of refers to the variety of software applications on the market that offer some software applications on the market that offer some form of instruction or training. form of instruction or training.

Software applications that act as sources for Software applications that act as sources for reference materials, such as the standard atlases, reference materials, such as the standard atlases, dictionaries, and thesauri, are referred to collectively dictionaries, and thesauri, are referred to collectively as as reference software.reference software.

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Chapter 4 Summary QuestionsChapter 4 Summary Questions What are the different types of drawing software? What are the different types of drawing software?

Drawing software Drawing software (or(or illustration software illustration software)) lets you create or lets you create or edit two-dimensional line-based drawings such as technical edit two-dimensional line-based drawings such as technical diagrams or original nonphotographic drawings, animations, and diagrams or original nonphotographic drawings, animations, and illustrations using standard drawing and painting tools such as illustrations using standard drawing and painting tools such as pens, pencils, and paintbrushes. pens, pencils, and paintbrushes.

Software applicationsSoftware applications Adobe Illustrator include tools that let you create professional-quality Adobe Illustrator include tools that let you create professional-quality

illustrations. illustrations. Microsoft Visio is a program used to create technical drawings, Microsoft Visio is a program used to create technical drawings,

maps, basic block diagrams, networking and engineering flowcharts, maps, basic block diagrams, networking and engineering flowcharts, and project schedules. and project schedules.

MS-Paint and other bit-mapped programs allow creation of drawings MS-Paint and other bit-mapped programs allow creation of drawings that can be saved as bit-mapped files such as .bmp, .gif and .jpg.that can be saved as bit-mapped files such as .bmp, .gif and .jpg.

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Chapter 4 Summary QuestionsChapter 4 Summary Questions What kinds of software do businesses use?What kinds of software do businesses use?

There are specialized programs for a number of important business tasks, like writing business and marketing plans.

Project management software such as Microsoft Project helps project managers easily create and modify scheduling charts so they can plan and track specific project tasks and coordinate personnel resources.

Mapping programs such as Rand McNally’s StreetFinder are perfect for businesses that require a lot of travel.

Customer relationship management (CRM) software is used to store sales and client contact information in one central database. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are used to control many “back office” operations and processing functions such as billing, production, inventory management, and human resources management.

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Chapter 4 Summary QuestionsChapter 4 Summary Questions Where can I go for help when I have a problem with my Where can I go for help when I have a problem with my

software?software?

If you need help while you work with software, there are several If you need help while you work with software, there are several different resources you can access to find answers to your different resources you can access to find answers to your questions.questions.

For general help or information about the product, many Web sites For general help or information about the product, many Web sites offer offer frequently asked questionsfrequently asked questions (FAQs)(FAQs) for answers to the most for answers to the most common questions.common questions.

Some programs also offer online help and support. Some programs also offer online help and support. Some applications are context-sensitiveSome applications are context-sensitive and offer help based on and offer help based on

what task you’re doing or ScreenTips to explain where your cursor what task you’re doing or ScreenTips to explain where your cursor is resting.is resting.

There is the Help menu on the menu bar of most applications where There is the Help menu on the menu bar of most applications where you can choose to search an index or content outline to find out the you can choose to search an index or content outline to find out the nature of almost any feature of a Microsoft application.nature of almost any feature of a Microsoft application.

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How can I purchase software or get it for How can I purchase software or get it for free?free?

You can find software in almost any retail You can find software in almost any retail environment. Additionally, you can purchase environment. Additionally, you can purchase software online, through catalogs, or at software online, through catalogs, or at auctions.auctions.

Software purchased online is downloaded Software purchased online is downloaded over the Web and then installed.over the Web and then installed.

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How do I install and uninstall software?How do I install and uninstall software?

Installing softwareInstalling software Installation wizardInstallation wizard

AutomaticAutomatic Control Panel: Add/Remove SoftwareControl Panel: Add/Remove Software

Full/custom installationFull/custom installation

Uninstalling softwareUninstalling software Software uninstall programSoftware uninstall program Control Panel: Add/Remove SoftwareControl Panel: Add/Remove Software Do not deleteDo not delete

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Chapter 5: Using System Software: The Chapter 5: Using System Software: The Operating System, Utility Programs, Operating System, Utility Programs,

and File Managementand File Management

TopicsTopicsSystem softwareSystem softwareOperating systems:Operating systems:

Kinds of systems Kinds of systems Common desktop systemsCommon desktop systemsUser interactionUser interactionManage the processorManage the processorManage memoryManage memory

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More TopicsMore Topics

Operating systems:Operating systems:Manage hardwareManage hardwareInteract with application softwareInteract with application softwareStart the computerStart the computerKeep the computer organizedKeep the computer organized

Desktop and windows featuresDesktop and windows featuresUtility programsUtility programs

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What software is included in system software?What software is included in system software?

System software consists of two primary types of programs: the operating system and utility programs.

The operating system (OS) is the main program that controls how your computer system functions.

System software also includes utility programs. These are small programs that perform many of the general housekeeping tasks for the computer, such as system maintenance and file compression.

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Chapter 5 Summary QuestionsChapter 5 Summary Questions What are the different kinds of operating What are the different kinds of operating

systems?systems?

Real-time operating systems don’t require the Real-time operating systems don’t require the intervention of any users at all.intervention of any users at all.

Single-user, single-task operating systems are Single-user, single-task operating systems are proprietary systems developed specifically for the proprietary systems developed specifically for the devices they manage.devices they manage.

Single-user, multitask operating systems are available Single-user, multitask operating systems are available commercially, for personal and business use.commercially, for personal and business use.

Multiuser operating systems coordinate resources for Multiuser operating systems coordinate resources for many users on a network.many users on a network.

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What are the most common desktop What are the most common desktop operating systems?operating systems?

Desktop operating systems include:Desktop operating systems include:Microsoft WindowsMicrosoft WindowsMAC OSMAC OSUNIXUNIXLinuxLinux

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How does the operating system provide How does the operating system provide user interaction with the computer?user interaction with the computer?

The operating system provides a The operating system provides a user user interfaceinterface that enables you to interact with the that enables you to interact with the computer.computer.

Types of interfaces:Types of interfaces:Command-driven interfaceCommand-driven interfaceMenu-driven interfaceMenu-driven interfaceGraphical user interfaceGraphical user interface

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Chapter 5 Summary QuestionsChapter 5 Summary Questions How does the operating system help manage: How does the operating system help manage:

The processor?The processor? Controls the timing of events the processor works onControls the timing of events the processor works on

Memory and storage?Memory and storage? The operating system allocates space in RAM for instructions and The operating system allocates space in RAM for instructions and

data.data. RAM has limited capacity. When there isn’t enough room in RAM for RAM has limited capacity. When there isn’t enough room in RAM for

the OS to store the required data and instructions, it borrows room the OS to store the required data and instructions, it borrows room from the hard drive.from the hard drive.

This process of optimizing RAM storage by borrowing hard drive This process of optimizing RAM storage by borrowing hard drive space is called space is called virtual memoryvirtual memory..

Hardware and peripheral devices?Hardware and peripheral devices? It uses device driver pIt uses device driver programs to enable the operating system to rograms to enable the operating system to

communicate with peripheral devices.communicate with peripheral devices. Application software?Application software?

For software programs to work with the CPU, they must contain For software programs to work with the CPU, they must contain code that the CPU recognizes.code that the CPU recognizes.

Use blocks of code called Use blocks of code called application programming interfaces application programming interfaces (APIs)(APIs)..

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Chapter 5 Summary QuestionsChapter 5 Summary Questions How does the operating system help the How does the operating system help the

computer start up?computer start up?

For a computer to go from a dead stop to ready-for-For a computer to go from a dead stop to ready-for-use, a four step start-up process is required. This is use, a four step start-up process is required. This is often referred to as booting up the computer, or the often referred to as booting up the computer, or the boot process. The boot process consists of four basic boot process. The boot process consists of four basic steps:steps:1.1. The basic input/output system (BIOS) is activated by powering The basic input/output system (BIOS) is activated by powering

on the CPU.on the CPU.2.2. The BIOS checks that all attached devices are in place (called The BIOS checks that all attached devices are in place (called

a power-on self-test, or POST).a power-on self-test, or POST).3.3. The operating system is loaded into RAM.The operating system is loaded into RAM.4.4. Configuration and customization settings are checked.Configuration and customization settings are checked.

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What are the main desktop and windows What are the main desktop and windows features?features?

Many such as Many such as shortcut iconsshortcut icons““My Documents” folderMy Documents” folder““My Computer” folderMy Computer” folder““Start Button” Start Button” and moreand more

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How does the operating system help keep the How does the operating system help keep the computer organized?computer organized?

An additional function of the OS is to enable An additional function of the OS is to enable file file managementmanagement, which entails providing organizational , which entails providing organizational structure to the computer’s contents.structure to the computer’s contents.

The OS allows you to organize the contents of your The OS allows you to organize the contents of your computer in a hierarchical structure of computer in a hierarchical structure of directoriesdirectories that includes drives, folders, subthat includes drives, folders, subfoldersfolders, and , and filesfiles..

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What utility programs are included in system What utility programs are included in system software and what do they do?software and what do they do?

Utility programs are small applications that perform Utility programs are small applications that perform special functions. special functions.

Some utility programs help manage system resources Some utility programs help manage system resources (such as disk defragmenter utilities), others help make (such as disk defragmenter utilities), others help make your time and work on the computer more pleasant your time and work on the computer more pleasant (such as screen savers), and still others improve (such as screen savers), and still others improve efficiency (such as file compression utilities).efficiency (such as file compression utilities).

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