1 using feedback as a teaching tool in the online classroom
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Using Feedback as a Teaching Tool in the Online Classroom
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Role of Online Faculty
• Changes from that of authoritarian expert to coach or facilitator
• Shift from content driven presentations to shared investigation
• Facilitate active and collaborative learning
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The Importance of Effective Feedback
• Learner isolation intrinsic in the online classroom
• Provides positive reinforcement, redirects when needed and lays the groundwork for future attempts
• Immediate, corrective, and supportive feedback is central to learning
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Seven Principles for Good Practice in Undergraduate
Education• Developed by Chickering, and
Gamson in 1978• Provides a framework for developing
feedback which fosters learning
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Principal 1Good Practice Encourages
Contacts Between Students and Faculty
• Frequent learner-faculty contact both in and out of class
• Feedback is an excellent way to maintain frequent contact with the learner
• Two-way contact is an important factor • Convey instructor confidence in
learner’s ability
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Principal 2 Good Practice Develops
Reciprocity and Cooperation Among Students
• Collaborative and social not competitive and isolated
• Content feedback supports this principal
• Feedback is an opportunity to encourage learners to derive learning through interaction with their peers
• Encourage shy learners to participate
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Principle 3Good Practice Uses Active
Learning Techniques • Learning is a participant sport not a
spectator sport• In online active learning the learner self-
directed • Feedback provokes thought, does not
spoon feed answers and ideas • Feedback should reflect expectation of
higher level thinking
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Principle 4Good Practice Gives Prompt
Feedback • Feedback helps learners assess their
competencies and deficiencies• Prompt feedback which instructs
and encourages• Need grading feedback which is
quantifiable • Need content feedback which is
instructional
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Principle 5Good Practice Emphasizes
Time on Task • Learning requires both energy and time• Feedback should tell learner if they are
spending adequate time engaged in class• Feedback is time consuming when done
correctly• Faculty must set aside adequate time for
feedback• Time is often most difficult roadblock to
overcome
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Principle 6Good Practice Communicates
High Expectations• Expect more and you will get it• High expectations important for all
learners• Learners respond to instructor’s
expectations• Feedback should communicate high
expectations
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Principle 7Good Practice Respects Diverse Talents and Ways of Learning
• Learners bring different experience, talents, and style
• Feedback in this area must be approached with a certain amount of caution
• Encourage learners to discuss their diverse points of view but keep discussion on track to support course objectives
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Using Rubrics to Enhance Feedback
• Rubrics help provide substantive and instructive feedback
• Analytical and holistic rubrics can be used to enhance feedback
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Feedback Template
• Feedback templates should include– Statement of expectations of
assignment– Statement of what learner did well– Define areas that need improvement– Encourage learner to contact
instructor with questions– Provide a grade for the assignment
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Feedback Template
• Assignment Expectations:
• Areas that are done well:
• Areas that need improvement:
• Do you have any questions:
• Your grade is:
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