10/16 objective: what are the properties of carbohydrates? * chapter 5: the molecules of life do...

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10/16 Objective: What are the properties of carbohydrates? * Chapter 5: The Molecules of Life Do Now: What is a small molecular unit called? A chain of repeating units?

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Type of Sugar: Monosaccharides monosaccharide: simple sugar that contains just one sugar unit –Glucose, fructose Ex: glucose: –Used to make energy in cells

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Page 1: 10/16 Objective: What are the properties of carbohydrates? * Chapter 5: The Molecules of Life Do Now: What is a small molecular unit called? A chain of

10/16

Objective: What are the properties of carbohydrates?

*

Chapter 5: The Molecules of Life

Do Now: What is a small molecular unit called? A chain of repeating units?

Page 2: 10/16 Objective: What are the properties of carbohydrates? * Chapter 5: The Molecules of Life Do Now: What is a small molecular unit called? A chain of

Carbohydrates

• carbohydrate: organic compound made up of sugar molecules

• Sugars contain C,H,O

Page 3: 10/16 Objective: What are the properties of carbohydrates? * Chapter 5: The Molecules of Life Do Now: What is a small molecular unit called? A chain of

Type of Sugar: Monosaccharides

• monosaccharide: simple sugar that contains just one sugar unit– Glucose, fructose

Ex: glucose:– Used to make energy in

cells

Page 4: 10/16 Objective: What are the properties of carbohydrates? * Chapter 5: The Molecules of Life Do Now: What is a small molecular unit called? A chain of

Type of Sugar: Disaccharides• disaccharide: “double

sugar”; two monosaccharides combined by dehydration synthesis

Ex: sucrose: most common; made of glucose and fructose– Ex: Table sugar

Ex: Lactose (glucose + galactose)

Page 5: 10/16 Objective: What are the properties of carbohydrates? * Chapter 5: The Molecules of Life Do Now: What is a small molecular unit called? A chain of

Polysaccharides• polysaccharide: long polymer

chains made up of simple sugar molecules– Complex carbohydrates (starch)

Page 6: 10/16 Objective: What are the properties of carbohydrates? * Chapter 5: The Molecules of Life Do Now: What is a small molecular unit called? A chain of

Examples of Polysaccharides• starch: found in plant cells

and consists entirely of glucose monomers

Page 7: 10/16 Objective: What are the properties of carbohydrates? * Chapter 5: The Molecules of Life Do Now: What is a small molecular unit called? A chain of

Examples of Polysaccharides

• glycogen: found in animals that act as a storage for excess sugar– Chain of many glucose

monomers– In humans, most glycogen is

stored in liver and muscle cells and break down when the body needs energy

Page 8: 10/16 Objective: What are the properties of carbohydrates? * Chapter 5: The Molecules of Life Do Now: What is a small molecular unit called? A chain of

Cellulose• cellulose: protect plant

cells and stiffens plant– Many glucose

monomers– AKA: FIBER

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