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MesopotamiaCHW 3M

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Mesopotamia:the land between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers

This area is the cradle of one of the world's first civilizations, the Sumerians (4000BC). They were followed by several other people, including the Babylonians and

Assyrians.

The Land Between the Rivers

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Irrigationprevented flood controlled flow of river

The Seeder Plough

Allowed simultaneous ploughing and seeding.

The Wheel faster mode of transportation could carry heavy loads in carts and wagons.

New TechnologiesThe people of Mesopotamia were much more

technologically advanced then others for their

time.

These inventions helped speed up the foodgrowing and urbanization revolutions inMesopotamia.

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Cuneiform the first written language developed in Mesopotamia most widespread and historically significant writingsystem in the Ancient Near East. cuneiform documents were written on clay tablets, bymeans of a reed stylus

The Birth of Writing

pictograph writingsystem to keep records

phonetic writingsystem mathematic andmeasurement systems.

Schools & Education

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Anu: the Sky God Enki: God of water

Ninhursag: Goddessof earth

Mesopotamian Belief System

A Mesopotamiandemon

Mesopotamian life revolved aroundreligion. Their beliefs were mythopoeic thinking polytheistic

Godseach God served a differentpurposeasked much of humans and didnothing in return

Demonscaused of sickness and disaster

Peoples lives were spenttrying to appease the Godsand were pervaded by a fear ofdemons. The also viewed theafterlife as a bleak existence.

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Ziggurat: a stepped pyramid and religious center of every Mesopotamian world served as a gateway to the heavens home of the priesthoodThe priesthoodreligious leaders and go-betweens to the gods demanded taxes in order tobring good fortune

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Developing an Empire

WarlordsKings

2300 BC: Sargon 1 of Akkad (Northern Mesopotamia), conquers Sumer (SouthMesopotamia) establishing the very first empire.2100 BC Sumerian City of Ur expels Akkadians

1900 BC: Line of Semitic Kings from Babylon gain control of area and establishBabylonian empire

townscitiescity statesempires

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King Hammurabi and the First Code of Ethics

King Hammurabi ruled Babylon from 1792 BC -1750 BC united the peoples of Mesopotamia improved irrigation, promotedadvances in astronomy, mathematics, andliterature developed the first code of ethics

Code of Hammurabi code of laws, governing family relations,criminal misconduct, civil law, ethics,commerce, and every other aspect of life. eye for an eye, tooth for a tooth mentality immutable and could not be changed presumption of innocents accused and accuser have the opportunity toprovide evidence

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Early Mesopotamia & the BibleGenesis chapters 1-38 reflects a great deal of what we knowabout ancient Mesopotamian life and culture.creation (Enuma Elish)genealogiesdestructive floods (The Epic of Gilgamesh: Tablet 11)construction techniquesmigrations of people (Mari letters)social, economical and political practices (Nuzi Tablets)

Biblical Events that took Place in MesopotamiaGarden of Eden?Tower of Babel (possible a ziggurat)Hebrew Patriarchs were from Mesopotamia