DoNow:Whatisacity-state?Whichcity-stateswerethemosticonicfromAncientGreece?Explain

Flamenco- astyleofSpanishmusic,playedespeciallyontheguitarandaccompaniedbysinginganddancingBull-fighting- atraditionalSpanish,Portuguese,orLatinAmericanspectacleinwhichabullisfoughtbyamatador,assistedbybanderilleros andpicadors,inaprescribedwayinanarenaandisusuallykilled.

Objective:Outlinetheconceptofanation-stateandexplainhowthisappliestoEurope.Explainhowculturalforcescanpositivelyornegativelyinfluencepoliticalunits.

Tuesday,December5,2017CurrentIssues:Immigrationfrom

NorthAfrica

Current Issues: Immigration from North Africa

Why do people from North Africa migrate to Southern Europe?

• Several factors cause North African workers to migrate to Southern Europe in search of employment. The economic opportunities in Southern Europe represent major pullfactors.

• The population of Southern Europe has aged. Young workers are needed to fill the spaces left as older people retire and stop working, thus increasing the demand for migrants.

• As countries in North Africa face increasingly high unemployment and wages declinefor workers, many choose to leave their home countries—a push factor. In addition, political instability and conflict arising from the “Arab Spring” uprisings and the Libyan civil war have forced many to flee to Southern Europe.

Interactive #1

Current Issues: Immigration from North Africa

How is Southern Europe affected by this migration? Pt. 1

• An economic boom has resulted in increased demand for low-skilled labor in several Southern European countries.

• Italy and Spain, with their long Mediterranean coastlines, have become popular entry points for undocumented migrants as they fill the need for service industry jobs.

• During the prosperous economic times, the labor of these migrants helped fuel the engine of economic development by providing sources of cheap labor.

Current Issues: Immigration from North Africa

How is Southern Europe affected by this migration? Pt. 2

• However, besides providing labor, North African migrants (whether documented or not) have influenced the cultural development of the receiving countries of Southern Europe.

• The migrants have enriched the cultural landscape of their new countries. They have brought their religious beliefs, social customs, arts, cuisine, and dress to Southern Europe.

• In some places in Southern Europe the change has come at the expense of the migrants. The arrival of migrants from North Africa has led to racism and to a backlash against them as they try to establish their new lives in Southern Europe.

Current Issues: Immigration from North Africa

How is North Africa affected by this migration?

• North Africa is affected both negatively and positively by the migration to Southern Europe. Many North African migrants send some of their pay home to help supporttheir families.

• The money sent by a migrant to his or her home country is called a remittance. These remittances have reduced poverty in their countries of origin.

• The remittances also help the country even when the money goes to families that are relatively wealthy since it contributes to the economy of the North African home country.

• Not all of the effects are positive, as the migrations can cause labor shortages in the home country.

Interactive #2