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REGISTRATION NO : 12PMM417

NAME : MAULIK PATEL

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BUSINESS:

An economic system in which goods andservices are exchanged for one anotheror money, on the basis of their

perceived worth.A business (also known as enterprise or firm)is an organization engaged inthe trade of goods, services, or bothto consumers.

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DATA:

It is a distinct pieces of information, usually in a formatted specialwayData can exist in a variety of forms -- as numbers or text on pieces of paper, as bits and bytes stored in electronic memory, or as facts storedin a person's mind.

Data is a collection of facts, such as values or measurements.Data can be :

QualitativeQuantitative

Qualitative data is descriptive informationQuantitative data, is numerical information

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PROCESSING:

The work that is done on data is called processing.Any operation or set of operations performed upon data,whether or not by automatic means, such as collection,recording, organization, storage, adaptation or alteration toconvert it into useful information.

This processing can be anything like addition , subtraction ora comparison.Processing converts data into a useful information

data processing information

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BUSINESS DATA

PROCESSING:

INPUT PROCESSING

OUTPUTSTORAGE OFINFORMATION

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:1. Input

It is the process through which collected data istransformed into a form that computer can understand. It is veryimportant step because correct output result totally depends on theinput data. In input step, following activities can be performed.

i) verificationThe collected data is verified to determine whether it is

correct as required. For example, the collected data of all B.Sc.Students that appeared in final examination of the university isverified. If errors occur in collected data, data is corrected or it iscollected again.

ii) codingThe verified data is coded or converted into machine

readable form so that it can be processed through computer.iii) storing

The data is stored on the secondary storage into a file. Thestored data on the storage media will be given to the program asinput for processing.

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: 2.Processing

The term processing denotes the actual data manipulationtechniques such as classifying, sorting, calculating, summarizing,comparing, etc. thatconvert data into information.

i) Classification

The data is classified into different groups and subgroups, so that eachgroup or sub-group of data can be handled separately.ii) StoringThe data is arranged into an order so that it can be accessed veryquickly as and when required.iii) CalculationsThe arithmetic operations are performed on the numeric data to get therequired results. For example, total marks of each student arecalculated.iv) SummarizingThe data is processed to represent it in a summarized form. ft meansthat the summary of data is prepared for top management. Forexample, the summary of the data of student is prepared to show thepercentage of pass and fail student examination etc.

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: 3. Output

After completing the processing step, output is generated.The main purpose of data processing is to get the required result.Mostly, the output is stored on the storage media for later user. Inoutput step, following activities can be performed.

i) RetrievalOutput stored on the storage media can be retrieved at anytime. For example, result of students is prepared and stored on thedisk. This result can be retrieved when required for differentpurposes.

ii) Conversion

The generated output can be converted into different forms.For example, it can be represented into graphical form.iii) Communication

The generated output is sent to different places. Forexample, weather forecast is prepared and. sent to different agenciesand newspapers etc. where it is required.

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TYPES OF DATA PROCESSING:

1. Manual data processing: This method of data processing

involves human intervention. The manual

process of data entry implies manyopportunities for errors, such as delays indata capture, as every single data fieldhas to be keyed in manually, a high

amount of operator misprints or typos,high labor costs from the amount of manual labor required.

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2.Real time processing:In a real time processing, there is a

continual input, process and output ofdata. Data has to be processed in a smallstipulated time period (real time),otherwise it will create problems for thesystem.For example, when a bank customerwithdraws a sum of money from his orher account it is vital that the transaction

be processed and the account balanceupdated as soon as possible, allowingboth the bank and customer to keep trackof funds.

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3.EDP (electronic data processing)An infrequently used term for what istoday usually called "IS" (informationservices or systems) or "MIS"

(management information services orsystems), is the processing of data by acomputer and its programs in anenvironment involving electroniccommunication. EDP evolved from "DP"(data processing), a term that wascreated when most computing inputwas physically put into the computer inpunched card form or in ATM cardsform and output as punched cards orpaper reports.

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4.Batch processingIn a batch processing group of

transactions collected over a period of time is collected, entered, processed andthen the batch results are produced.Batch processing requires separateprograms for input, process and output. Itis an efficient way of processing highvolume of data.For example: payroll system, examinationsystem and billing system.

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Computer-based data processing systems canbe used in practically all areas of business toimprove efficiency and increase productivity.

Major Applications:

Listed below are some of the major dataprocessing applications in a typicalmanufacturing organization:

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Marketing and sales management:Market researchOrder processingSales analysis

Production management:

Production planning and schedulingProgress monitoring and controlMaintenance planning and control

Materials management:Materials requirement planningPurchasingStores and inventory control

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Human resources management:Manpower planningRecruitment and selectionTraining and development

Accounting and financial management:Payroll

Budgeting and budgetary controlFinancial

Examples for business Processing Applications:

The Payroll SystemThe Inventory Control SystemThe Financial Accounting System

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OFFICE AUTOMATION:

OFFICE AUTOMATION is the use of computer systems to execute a variety of operations such as word processing,accounting, electronic mail etc. Officeautomation almost always implies a networkof computers with a variety of availableprograms. Broadly, OFFICEAUTOMATION is a general term thatincludes a wide range of applications of computer, communication and informationtechnologies in the office environment.

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Office automation ensures that allemployees work with the sametemplates. This guarantees thesustainable enforcement of thecorporate design across all officedocuments (Microsoft word, excel,PowerPoint). Areas such as design,template or content management arestandardized companywide, uniform

and efficient where processes aredeveloped for all employees.

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Benefits for the company.

Reduction of the number of templatesLess administrative work for templates and contents

Central data management, central management of multi-lingualcontentsHigher quality and productivity with Microsoft officesaving of resourcespersonalized communicationconstantly up-to-date contents, company or employee dataimprovement of workflow and reduction of errorsworldwide consistent appearance of stationery and presentationssimplification of daily work

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Benefits for the IT department .

No server software necessaryReduction of template maintenance workuse of existing user data from directory services or other

databasesLow to no need for trainingsimple and flexible access regulationautomatically correct printouts, automatic paper tray controlcompatibility with all current office versionsintegrated user administration

flexible configurationsimple installation, only one installer for all versionsapproved by VeriTest

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OFFICE AUTOMATION

SYSTEMS:

Office automation systems (OAS) are configurationsof networked computer hardware and software. Avariety of office automation systems are now appliedto business and communication functions that usedto be performed manually or in multiple locations of a company, such as preparing writtencommunications and strategic planning. In addition,

functions that once required coordinating theexpertise of outside specialists in typesetting,printing, or electronic recording can now beintegrated into the everyday work of an

organization, saving both time and money.

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(1) electronic publishing;(2) electronic communication;(3) electronic collaboration;

(4) image processing; and(5) office management.At the heart of these systems is often a local area network(LAN).The LAN allows users to transmit data, voice, mail, and images

across the network to any destination, whether that destinationis in the local office on the LAN or in another country orcontinent, through a connecting network. An OAS makes officework more efficient and increases productivity.

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THANK YOU!

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12pmm417_bdp.pptx

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