15200404 chapter 24 great depression

8/6/2019 15200404 Chapter 24 Great Depression

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Chapter 24Chapter 24 The Rise of DictatorsThe Rise of Dictators

From The Roaring Twenties to the Great DepressionFrom The Roaring Twenties to the Great Depression

1920 Galveston Island Swim suit review


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PresidentWoodrowWilson throwing out theceremonial first ball, opening day, 1916

PresidentWarren G. Hardingthrowing out the

ceremonial first ball, opening day, 1921

Sports became very popular in America in the

1920s.

Red Grange The Galloping Ghostbecamea legend on the football field.

The 1920s saw the explosion of growth in the auto industryin America.


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US Rejected the League Americans didnt want to get

involved in European affairs(Isolationism)

League had no means ofenforcement

Why did the League of Nations Fail?


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A Weak League of Nations


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Roaring 20s


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Video: The Roaring Twenties! (5:03)Video: The Roaring Twenties! (5:03)


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Hyperinflation and Unemployment in Germany

1914 4.2 marks = $1

1923 4.2 trillion marks=$1

1918 bread less than 1mark1923 bread = 200 Billion Marks

*42 billion marks to the penny


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Burning German

Marks for heat

Five Billion German Mark Bill, circa 1923


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October 27, 1932 - 10,000London workers were movingtowards Hyde Park


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The Treaty of Locarno Established International

boundaries

Promises of peace

From left to right,

Gustav Stresemann, Austen Chamberlain and Aristide

Briand during the Locarno negotiations in Switzerland

Kellogg-Briand Pact1. Almost every nation signed

2. Promised to renounce war except forself defense

3. No enforcement


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TheThe

WarWarDebtDebt


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The Dawes Plan Reduced reparation payments that the

Germans were forced to pay.

Then setup loans from U.S. to Germany Worked well, until the crash of the stock

market and the collapse of the U.S.economy.

Charles Dawes was anAmerican banker andpolitician who was the 30th

Vice President of the United

States (1925-1929).

For his work on the Dawes

Plan for World War I

reparations he was a co-

recipient of the NobelPeace Prize.


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The Great Depression in AmericaThe Great Depression in America


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The Great DepressionThe Great Depression

During the Great

Depression, many

people had to

resort to desperate

measures


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Quick Quiz use your notes, put your answers on aseparate sheet of paper with your heading at the top.

1. For what reasons did the League ofNations fail?

2. Explain the Treaty of Locarno, TheKellogg-Briand Pact, and the DawesPlan. Why did each fail?

3. What were conditions like during the

Great Depression?


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Depression: period of low economicactivity and rising unemployment


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Causes of the Great Depression

The Stock Market Crashes:

Black ThursdayOct. 24, 1929

1. Economic Downturns caused

by overproduction

2. The U.S. Stock Market Crash3. US aid to Europe dried up

4. Banks fold under pressure

Banks fold when customers lose

confidence and pull all of their money out.


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Unemployment = 15 MillionIn the US Unemployment in just

3 years soared from 3% to 25%


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The DustbowlThe DustbowlThe DustbowlThe Dustbowl


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The Dirty 30s: a period of severe dust storms causing major ecological and

agricultural damage to American and Canadian prairie lands.

The phenomenon was caused bysevere drought coupled with decades of

extensive farming without crop rotation, fallow fields, cover crops or other techniques

to prevent erosion.


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A dust storm approaches Stratford,

Texas, in 1935. North of Lubbock.


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Buried machinery in a barn lot; Dallas, South Dakota, May 1936


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HOOVERVILLE: popular name for shanty towns built by homeless people during the

Great Depression.

They were named after the President of the United States at the time, Herbert Hoover, because he allegedly let the

nation slide into depression.The term was coined by Charles Michelson, publicity chief of the Democratic National Committee.


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1932 Franklin Delano Roosevelt BeatHerbert Hooverin a landslide in US Election


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FDR Inauguration:The only thing we have to fear is, fear

itself.

FDR Campaign Slogan:

Happy Days are Here Again!Happy Days are Here Again!


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FDR Elected (Video 2:00)


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1. Increased GovernmentActivity in the Economy

2. Renewed interest inMarxism and other extremeideas

3. Led people to follow

dictatorial leaders

1. Increased GovernmentActivity in the Economy

2. Renewed interest inMarxism and other extremeideas

3. Led people to follow

dictatorial leaders

Results of the Great DepressionResults of the Great Depression

John Maynard

Keynes (canes)

British Economist:

1936

FDRs New Deal included

increased govt. activity toboost economy.

Dictators like Stalin, Mussolini, and Hitler emerge in Europe.


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Keynesian Economic Policy:Keynesian Economic Policy:

1. Unemployment came from decline ofdemand, not overproduction

2. Govt. needs to invest in Public Works& Deficit Spend until economy heals

3. Ignored in Britain, adopted by FranklinRoosevelt in USA

FDR used govt. sponsored

programs to put people to

work. This included electricity

in rural areas (TVA shown

below).


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FDR: The New DealFDR: The New Deal


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Whats The New Deal?Whats The New Deal?FDRs plan to reform capitalism. Improved

government intervention in the economy.

Based on the ideas of Keynes

Restored confidence But Depression hung on

until WWII

By 1932, US production fell 50% compared to 1929.By 1933 15 Million were unemployed in US.

Increased program of public works.The WPA employed 3 million at its peak.

Built bridges, roads, hospitals, and electric

power capacity.1935 Social Security Act: old-age

pensions & unemployment insurance.


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Fireside Chats:informal talks on radio to reassure the people

The fireside chats were a series of 30 evening radioaddresses given by United States President

Franklin D. Roosevelt between 1933 and 1944.

El R lt 1st L d


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Eleanor Roosevelt 1st LadyActive business & speaking agenda in an

era when few women had careers.

Held weekly press conferences and wrote anewspaper column, "My Day.

Heavy travel schedule throughout the country

to be where her husband could not be dueto his paralysis.

15200404 chapter 24 great depression

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